Türkiye'de 'erkek işi' algısını sarsan kadınlar: Gazete haberlerinin eleştirel bir söylem çözümlemesi

Öz

Bu çalışma Türkiye'de kadınların cinsiyet açısından alışılmamış mesleklere geçişi hakkında dışlayıcı ya da dahil edici söylemleri araştırmak amacıyla, kendilerine özgü göstergebilimsel ve metinsel özellikleri ile betimlenen çevrimiçi haber söylemlerini incelemektedir. Eleştirel Söylem Çözümlemesi ve makro yapısal analiz (van Dijk, 1980) çerçevesinde, çalışmada kadınların erkek egemen mesleklerde çalışmaları hakkındaki çevrimiçi gazeteler ve haber portallarından oluşan veri seti, toplum algısını şekillendirmek amacıyla olası ayrımcı ya da destekleyici bir tavrı nasıl inşaa ettiklerini ortaya koymak amacıyla analiz edilmektedir. Bulgular toplumdaki 'erkek işi' algısının gazete haberlerinde alaycı ve kuşkucu bir tonla sorgulandığını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Kadınların 'erkek işi' olarak adlandırılan mesleklerdeki başarılarına belirgin bir vurgu yaparak veri setinde yapıcı bir tutum sergilenmektedir. Kadınların cinsiyet olarak alışılmamış mesleklerdeki mevcudiyetleri ile ilgili kendi algılarına gelince, karşılaştıkları bazı zorlukları kabul etseler de anlatılarında kadınsılıklarını koruduklarına dair güçlü bir vurgu ile güçlerine ve azimlerine olan güvenlerini açık olarak ifade ettikleri görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Medyada kadınlar
• Erkek işi
• Haber metinleri
• Söylem çözümlemesi
• Türkiye

Women shaking the concept of 'men's work' in Turkey: A critical discourse analysis of the news reports

Abstract

This study explores online news discourses characterized by their unique semiotic and textual properties to unveil any discursive exclusionary or inclusionary constructions regarding women's movement to gender-atypical occupations in Turkey. Adopting the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis and macrostructural analysis of discourse (van Dijk, 1980), the study analyses a dataset of online newspapers and news portals on women working in male-dominated occupations to understand how they construct and proliferate a discriminatory or supportive attitude in shaping public attention. The findings reveal that the concept of 'men's work' is challenged in the news reports by an ironical and disbelieving tone to question the occupational gender segregation. A constructive attitude exists by an apparent focus on women's achievements in so-called 'men's work'. With respect to women's perception of their presence in gender-atypical jobs, though they acknowledge some difficulties they face, their confidence in their strength and perseverance is obvious in their narratives with a strong emphasis on keeping their femininity.

Keywords

• Women in media
• Men's work
• News reports
• Discourse analysis
• Turkey

Kaynakça

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