Türkçede Bileşik Eki ve Türetimsel Dizil

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 171 Sayı: 2, 7 - 31, 07.07.2020

Aysun Kunduracı

https://doi.org/10.33690/dilder.703005

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkçede geleneksel yaklaşımlarda belirtisiz ad tamlaması olarak bilinen, üretken ad+ad+(s)I(n) biçimindeki ad-ad bileşiklerini Süreçsel Biçimbilim (bkz. Zwicky, 1986; Aronoff, 1994; Pounder, 2000) çerçevesinde ele almakta, bileşikler için yapısal ve anlamsal bir çözümleme sunmakta ve bileşiklerde eklenen -(s)I(n) eki için yeni bir işlev önermektedir. Bileşiklerdeki -(s)I(n) ekine türetimsel ve saf biçim(bilgi)sel bir görev (bileşik tabanları biçimleme) yükleyen çalışma, bu ekin eklenme sürecini de içeren belli bir grup türetim işleminden sorumlu bir dizil (İng. paradigm) yapısı önermekte, -(s)I(n)’ın bir grup türetim ekiyle dizilsel bir ilişki içinde olduğunu göstermektedir. Dizil yapısı, yalnızca -(s)I(n) eklenmesini değil (anlamsal olarak) beklendiği halde bu ekin eklenmediği durumları da açıklamaktadır. Çalışma, kuramsal açıdan da biçimbilimi (ve biçimbilgisel işlemleri) sözdizim ve sözlükçeye bağımlı olmayan ayrı bir dizge olarak kabul etmekte; anlamın biçimden, biçimin de anlamdan ayrı düzlemler olduğunu çeşitli dillerden veriyle vurgulayan süreçsel yaklaşımlara Türkçeden destekler sunmakta ve böylelikle biçimbilimdeki Ayrıklık Varsayımı’na (Beard, 1995) doğrudan gönderim yapmaktadır. Çalışma, ayrıca, biçimbilimde özerk biçimsel işlemlerin uygulandığı girdilere, yani tabanlara, ışık tutmakta ve hem türetimsel hem de çekimsel biçimbilgisi açısından tabanların kritikliğini ortaya çıkarmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biçimbilim, Bileşik sözcük;, Bileşk eki, Türetimsel dizil, İlgi işlevi, Ad tamlaması

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