An Examination of Volunteer Motivation Among Individuals Participating in Sports Events Across Different Disciplines

Öz

The purpose of this study is to determine the motivation levels of volunteers involved in sports events and to examine whether these levels differ according to selected demographic and sport-related variables. Volunteer motivation is addressed as a multidimensional construct encompassing individual interests, goal orientation, and social solidarity. Designed as a descriptive study based on the relational survey model, the research was conducted with 399 volunteers actively engaged in various individual and team sports. Data were collected using Google Forms, which included the Sports Events Volunteer Motivation Scale (SEVMS) and a demographic information form developed by the researcher. The internal consistency coefficient of the scale for the present sample was calculated to be 0.810. Data analysis included independent samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation analysis. The findings indicate that volunteer motivation exhibits a multidimensional structure. The total motivation score was found to be strongly associated with the purposive and solidarity dimensions of motivation. Statistically significant differences were identified in total motivation and several sub-dimensions according to gender, active participation in sports, type of sport, income level, and age. Higher motivation levels were observed among individuals who actively engage in sports, participate in team sports, belong to higher-income groups, and are aged 27 years or older. Nevertheless, the effect sizes were predominantly small to small-to-moderate, suggesting that these variables exert a statistically significant yet limited influence on volunteer motivation. In conclusion, sports volunteering appears to be shaped by both individual and social–communal components, underscoring its inherently multidimensional nature. Accordingly, volunteer management practices in sports organisations should be supported by flexible and inclusive programs that are responsive to diverse motivational profiles..

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sports Volunteering
• Volunteer Motivation
• Sports Events
• Motivation Dimensions
• Active Sport Participation

Farklı Branşlardaki Spor Etkinliklerine Katılan Bireylerin Gönüllü Motivasyon Durumlarının İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, spor etkinliklerinde görev alan gönüllülerin motivasyon düzeylerini belirlemek ve bu motivasyonun bazı demografik ve spora ilişkin değişkenlere göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını incelemektir. Gönüllü motivasyonu; bireysel ilgi, amaç yönelimi ve sosyal dayanışma gibi çok boyutlu bir yapı olarak ele alınmaktadır. İlişkisel tarama modeline dayalı betimsel nitelikteki bu çalışma, farklı bireysel ve takım sporlarında gönüllü olarak görev alan 399 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, Spor Etkinlikleri Gönüllü Motivasyon Ölçeği (SEGMÖ) ve araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan demografik bilgi formu aracılığıyla Google Forms üzerinden toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin bu örneklemdeki iç tutarlılık katsayısı .810 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde bağımsız örneklem t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, gönüllü motivasyonunun çok boyutlu bir yapıya sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Toplam motivasyon puanının özellikle amaçsal ve dayanışma boyutlarıyla yüksek düzeyde ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyet, aktif spor yapma durumu, spor türü, gelir düzeyi ve yaş değişkenlerine göre toplam motivasyon ve bazı alt boyutlarda anlamlı farklılıklar saptanmıştır. Aktif spor yapanların, takım sporlarında görev alanların, daha yüksek gelir grubunda bulunanların ve 27 yaş ve üzerindeki katılımcıların motivasyon düzeylerinin görece daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte, elde edilen etki büyüklüklerinin çoğunlukla küçük ile küçük-orta düzeyde olması, söz konusu değişkenlerin gönüllü motivasyonu üzerinde sınırlı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, spor gönüllülüğünün hem bireysel hem de sosyal-toplumsal bileşenler tarafından şekillenen çok boyutlu bir yapı olduğu söylenebilir. Bu bulgular, spor organizasyonlarında gönüllü yönetimi süreçlerinin farklı motivasyon profillerini dikkate alan esnek ve kapsayıcı yaklaşımlarla desteklenmesi gerektiğine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Spor Gönüllülüğü
• Gönüllü Motivasyonu
• Spor Etkinlikleri
• Motivasyon Boyutları
• Aktif Spor Katılımı

Kaynakça

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