Spor Organizasyonlarında Sporcuların Algılanan Performans Düzeylerinin Demografik ve Sportif Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, spor organizasyonlarında bireysel ve takım sporlarıyla uğraşan amatör ve profesyonel sporcuların algılanan performans düzeylerini cinsiyet, yaş, spor türü, spor düzeyi ve spor yaşı değişkenlerine göre incelemektir. Araştırma nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma grubunu, 2025–2026 sezonunda Türkiye'nin farklı illerinde aktif olarak spor yapan 576 sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Veriler, Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Süleymanoğulları (2025) tarafından geliştirilen Sporda Algılanan Performans Ölçeği kullanılarak çevrim içi ortamda toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde bağımsız örneklem t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA), Tukey HSD çoklu karşılaştırma testi, Cohen's d ve eta kare (η²) etki büyüklüğü katsayılarından yararlanılmıştır. Bulgular, erkek sporcuların algılanan performansın tüm alt boyutlarında kadın sporculara göre daha yüksek puanlara sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Yaş değişkenine göre yalnızca teknik ve psikolojik algı boyutlarında 24 yaş ve üzerindeki sporcular lehine anlamlı farklılık belirlenmiştir. Takım sporlarıyla uğraşan sporcuların tüm alt boyutlarda ve toplam algılanan performansa bireysel sporculara göre daha yüksek puan aldıkları tespit edilmiştir. Buna karşın amatör ve profesyonel sporcular arasında algılanan performansta anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Spor yaşı arttıkça ise tüm alt boyutlarda ve toplam algılanan performansta anlamlı artışlar gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak algılanan performansın demografik değişkenlerden özellikle cinsiyet, spor türü ve spor yaşından etkilendiği; buna karşılık spor düzeyinin belirleyici bir değişken olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bulguların, spor organizasyonlarında performans geliştirme uygulamalarının planlanmasına ve sporcuların bireysel özelliklerini dikkate alan yönetim stratejilerinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Algılanan Performans
• Spor Organizasyonları
• Sporcular
• Spor Yönetimi
• Performans Değerlendirmesi

An Examination of Athletes' Perceived Performance Levels in Sport Organizations According to Demographic and Sport-Related Variables

Öz

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceived performance levels of amateur and professional athletes participating in individual and team sports according to gender, age, sport type, competition level, and sport experience within sport organizations. The study employed a quantitative survey design. The study group consisted of 576 athletes actively participating in sports across different provinces of Türkiye during the 2025–2026 season. Data were collected online using a Personal Information Form and the Perceived Performance in Sports Scale developed by Süleymanoğulları (2025). Independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey’s HSD post hoc test, Cohen’s d, and eta squared (η²) effect size coefficients were used for data analysis. The findings indicated that male athletes reported significantly higher scores than female athletes across all perceived performance dimensions. Regarding age, significant differences were found only in the technical and psychological dimensions, favoring athletes aged 24 years and older. Athletes participating in team sports demonstrated significantly higher scores than those in individual sports across all sub-dimensions and the overall perceived performance score. In contrast, no significant differences were observed between amateur and professional athletes. Furthermore, perceived performance increased significantly with greater sport experience across all dimensions. Overall, the findings suggest that perceived performance is primarily associated with gender, sport type, and sport experience, whereas competition level does not appear to be a determining factor. The results may contribute to the development of evidence-based performance enhancement practices and athlete-centered management strategies in sport organizations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Perceived Performance
• Sport Organizations
• Athletes
• Sport Management
• Performance Evaluation

Kaynakça

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