COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH FROM PUBLIC HEALTH PERSPECTIVE

Öz

Mental health and physical health are integral parts of general health. In the past, mental health lagged behind and overshadowed by physical health. Today, the importance of mental health is beginning to be recognised, although it is not yet fully understood. What an individual think, how (s)he feels, and how (s)he acts is related to mental health. While there are more than two hundred types of mental health issues, the leading mental health issues are anxiety and depression. Mental health issues are problems that maintain their importance at every stage of life. In 2019, it was reported that approximately 970 million people worldwide had any mental health problem. The prevalence of anxiety is 4% and depression is 3.8% globally. 4.9% of the disease burden in the world for 2019 is because of mental health issues. WHO reported a 26% increase in anxiety and a 28% increase in depression worldwide in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the promotion and prevention of mental health is not the sole responsibility of the health sector, the necessary intersectoral cooperation should be achieved.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anxiety
• Depression
• Public health
• Mental health

HALK SAĞLIĞI BAKIŞ AÇISIYLA TOPLUM RUH SAĞLIĞI

Öz

Ruh sağlığı ve fiziksel sağlık genel sağlığın birbirini tamamlayan parçalarıdır. Geçmişte ruh sağlığı fiziksel sağlığın gerisinde ve gölgesinde kalmıştır. Günümüzde ise, halen tam olmamakla birlikte, ruh sağlığının önemi ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Bireyin ne düşündüğü, nasıl hissettiği ve ne şekilde davrandığı ruh sağlığıyla ilişkilidir. İki yüzden fazla türde ruh sağlığı sorunu bulunmakla birlikte önde gelen ruh sağlığı sorunları anksiyete ve depresyondur. Ruh sağlığı sorunları yaşamın her evresinde önemini koruyan konulardır. 2019 yılında dünya genelinde yaklaşık olarak 970 milyon kişide herhangi bir ruh sağlığı sorunu bulunduğu belirtilmiştir. Küresel olarak anksiyete yaygınlığı %4 ve depresyon yaygınlığı %3,8’dir. Dünyada 2019 yılı için hastalık yükünün %4,9’u ruh sağlığı sorunlarına bağlıdır. DSÖ COVID-19 pandemisinin ilk yılında dünya genelinde anksiyetede %26 ve depresyonda %28 oranında artış görüldüğünü bildirmiştir. Ruh sağlığının geliştirilmesi ve korunması yalnız sağlık sektörünün etki alanında olmadığından, bu alanda ihtiyaç duyulan sektörler arası işbirlikleri hayata geçirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anksiyete
• Depresyon
• Halk sağlığı
• Ruh sağlığı

Kaynakça

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