Cappadocialı Heras’a Ait Olduğu Düşünülen Üç Fragman

Öz

Cappadocialı Heras, MÖ 1. – MS 1. yüzyıllarda yaşamış ve büyük olasılıkla Roma’da görev yapmış bir hekimdir. Çeşitli hastalıklar üzerine ilaç reçeteleri içeren Νάρθηξ (Nárthēks) adında bir kitap yazdığı bilinmektedir. Yazmış olduğu bu eser kayıptır ancak başka yazarların onun eserinden alıntı yapmaları sayesinde bazı fragmanları günümüze ulaşabilmiştir. Heras’ın reçeteleri, Celsus’tan (MS 1. yy.) Galenus’a (MS 2. yy.), Oribasius’tan (MS 4. yy.) Nicolaus Myrepsus’a (MS 13. yy.) dek farklı coğrafya ve dönemlerde yaşamış yazarlar tarafından alıntılanarak yüzyıllar boyunca kullanılmıştır. Ondan alıntı yaptığı düşünülen eserlerden biri de Ebû Bekir er-Râzî’nin (MS 9. – 10. yy.) Kitâbü’l-Ḥâvî fi’ṭ-ṭıb (Liber Continens) adlı tıp ansiklopedisidir. Bu çalışmada, sözü edilen eserde yer alan ve Heras’a ait olabileceği ileri sürülen 3 fragmanın Arapça orijinalleri ve Latince çevirileri hem el yazmalarından hem de matbu nüshalardan tespit edilip karşılaştırılarak Türkçeye çevrilmiş, nüshalara göre aralarındaki farklar belirtilmiş ve söz konusu fragmanlar Heras’ın diğer reçeteleriyle kıyaslanarak gerçekten ona ait olup olmadıkları saptanmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Heras
• Nartheks
• Râzî
• Liber Continens.

Three Fragments Attributed To Heras of Cappadocia

Öz

Heras of Cappadocia was a physician who lived during the 1st century BCE and 1st century AD, and he probably served in Rome. It is known that he wrote a book titled Νάρθηξ (Nárthēks), which contained prescriptions for various diseases. Although this work is lost, some fragments have survived to the present day thanks to the works of some authors who quoted from his Nartheks. His medical recipes were quoted by authors from different regions and periods such as Celsus (1st century AD), Galen (2nd century AD), Oribasius (4th century AD), and Nicolaus Myrepsus (13th century AD), and were used for centuries. One of the works thought to have quoted the Nartheks is a medical encyclopedia called Kitāb al-Ḥāwī fī al-Ṭibb (Liber Continens), authored by Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. Zakariyyā al-Rāzī (9th and 10th centuries AD). In this study, the Arabic originals and Latin translations of three fragments in Liber Continens which are proposed to belong potentially to Heras were identified and compared from both manuscripts and printed editions, and then translated into Turkish. The differences between manuscripts and editions were pointed out. These fragments have been compared with Heras’ other prescriptions to determine whether they truly belong to him.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Heras
• Nartheks
• Rhazes
• Liber Continens.

Kaynakça

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