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ÇEVRESEL İZLEMELERDE DİJİTAL YAKLAŞIMLAR

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 16, 116 - 141, 29.12.2025

Öz

Çevrenin korunması, kaliteli ve güvenilir verinin üretilerek değerlendirilmesini ve bu doğrultuda çevresel önlemler alınmasını gerektirir. Üretilen çevresel veriler ile belirlenen çevre kalite durumunun iyi seviyede olması ise sürdürülebilir yönetimlerin temel hedefidir. Çevresel verinin, özellikle de büyük verinin işlenmesi ve yönetimi karar süreci ve çevre politikaları için oldukça önemlidir. Son zamanlarda insan hayatının tüm yönlerini derinden etkileyen ve yaşam biçimini değiştiren dijital dönüşüm, çevresel izleme çalışmalarında da büyük rol oynamaktadır. Büyük çevresel verinin işlenmesi ve yönetimi için kullanılan dijital destekli çözümler çevresel izleme çalışmalarında büyük ölçüde yerini almış ve giderek daha fazla kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Dijital teknolojilerin hızla gelişmesi, izleme ve veri toplama sistemleri, etkin çevre yönetimi, iklim değişikliği gözlemleri ve erken uyarı sistemlerin oluşturulmasına kadar çeşitli alanlarda çok çeşitli fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Dijital teknolojiler, çevrenin korunması için etkili bir strateji olarak ortaya çıkmakta, hem yeşil hem de dijital dönüşümleri teşvik etmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, literatür taraması yapılarak, büyük miktarda çevresel verinin toplanması, depolanması, işlenmesi ve yönetilmesini sağlayan dijital platformlara dayalı çevresel izlemeye yönelik dijital yaklaşım ele alınmış, izlemelerde neden ve nasıl kullanıldığı incelenmiş, çevresel izlemelerde kullanılan dijital teknolojik araçlar sunularak, bu teknolojilerin olası zorlukları ve fırsatları ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca, ülkemizde kullanılan dijital çevresel izleme çalışmalarından kısaca bahsedilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile dijital çevresel izlemede karşılaşılan temel zorluklar ve geleceğin etkin çevre yönetimi uygulamalarını destekleyecek fırsatlar sunularak, ülkemizde sürdürülebilir çevre politikası için kurumlar arası ortak bir stratejinin geliştirilebileceğine yönelik vizyon sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Dijital platformlar, veri toplamayı, arşivlemeyi, paylaşmayı, veri kullanımını kolaylaştırmakta ve diğer platformlarla bağlantı kurarak daha büyük ölçekli çevresel modellerin anlaşılmasını desteklemektedir. Artan veri erişiminin ve güçlendirilmiş teknik kapasitenin, karar alma süreçlerine yardımcı olan etik olarak geliştirilmiş platformlara yönelik daha fazla talep yaratacağı öngörülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Amirova E., Garbuzova, T., Gazieva, L. (2024). “Environmental management in the era of digitalization:opportunities and challenges for green Technologies”. BIO Web of Conferences 140, 04009 (2024), SDEA2024, https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414004009
  • Ahmed, M., Rahim, M., Nordin, R., F., Ebu-Samah, E., Abdullah N. (2021). “Ionizing Radiation Monitoring Technology at the Verge of Internet of Things, Sensörler”. 21 (22), 7629; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21227629.
  • Alkhanov, N., Inalkaev, A., Khatsieva, L. (2022). “Early Warnıng And Envıronmental Monıtorıng Systems In The Context of Economıc Dıgıtalızatıon”. RT&A, Special Issue No (70) Volume 17, November 2022, 464-470.
  • Amani vd., (2022). “Ocean Remote Sensing Techniques and Applications: A Review (Part I)”. Water, 14(21), 3400; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14213400.
  • Bhoda, S. K., (2024). “Driving 4IR Adoption - Geospatial & BIM Expert | Enabling Smart Infrastructure through AI & Digital Twins”.
  • Bychkov IV., Fereferov E.S (2022). “Digital Technologies for Monitoring and Forecasting the Environmental Situation in Siberia”. May 15;92 (2):133–140. doi: 10.1134/S101933162202006X,
  • Chai, F. vd.,(2020). “Monitoring ocean biogeochemistry with autonomous platforms”. Article in Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, DOI: 10.1038/s43017-020-0053.
  • Chavhan N.,Resham Bhattad R.,Khot S. Patil S., Pawar A., Pawar T., Gawli P., (2025). “APAH: An autonomous IoT driven real-time monitoring system for Industrial wastewater”. Digital Chemical Engineering 14, 100217.
  • Çevresel İzleme Kılavuzu, 2025. https://safetyculture.com/topics/environmental-monitoring/, Erişim:15.09.2025
  • ÇŞİDB, 2024. “Ulusal Uzaktan Algılama Verilerinin Entegre Yönetimi Stratejisi Çalışma Heyeti Sonuç Raporu”.
  • ÇŞİDB, ODTÜ-DBE (2025). “Marmara Denizi Bütünleşik Modelleme Sistemi (MARMOD): Faz II Projesi”. Ana Çıktıları, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Defferrard, J. (2023). “Successfully Digitalize Your Environmental Monitoring Program - Quality Assurance & Food Safety”. Associate Director, Augmented Diagnostics – Americas bioMérieux, www.qualityassurancemag.com/article/successfully-digitalize-your-environmental-monitoring-program.
  • Ding N., Yanheng Xi, Jiang W., Li H., Su J., Yang, S., Lie, T. T. (2025). “State-of-the-art carbon metering: Continuous emission monitoring systems for industrial applications”. Heliyon 11 (2025) e42308, Volume 11, Issue 3, 15 February 2025, e42308
  • Drifter (oceanography) (2025). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drifter_(oceanography)#Surface _drifters
  • Durden, J., M.(2025). “Environmental Management Using A Digital Twin”. Environmental Science and Policy 164: (2025) 104018.
  • EC, (2021). “Communıcatıon From The Commıssıon To The European Parlıament, The Councıl, The European
  • Economic And Social Committee And The Committee Of The Regions 2030 Digital Compass: the European way for the Digital Decade”. Brussels, 9.3.2021, COM(2021) 118 final,
  • EU, (2025). “EU Data Act gives users control over data from connected devices”. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_25_2078.
  • FerryBox (2025). www.hereon.de/institutes/carbon_cycles/coastal_productivity/ferrybox/index.php.en
  • GreenData4All, EC (2025). “Updated Rules On Geospatial Environmental Data And Access To Environmental Information”. https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiatives/14541-European-Data-Union-Strategy_en
  • Gajare, K. (2025). “IoT Air Pollution Monitoring System”. https://www.ppsthane.com/blog/iot-air-pollutionmonitoring- system.
  • IoT for Wildlife Conservation and Environmental Monitoring, (2025). https://www.smartsight.in/industry-insights/iotfor-wildlife-conservation-and-environmental-monitoring/. İzlemenin Faydaları, (2025). https://www.qualityplanning.org.nz/node/1024, Erişim tarihi: 15.09.2025.
  • JRC (2022). “Towards a green and digitalfuture”. EUR 31075 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2022, ISBN 978-92-76-52451-9, doi:10.2760/977331, JRC129319.
  • Kalkan Tezcan, Yücel, M., E., Örek, H., Fach, B., Tezcan, D., Arkın, S., Sadihgrad, E., Acar, A.O., Mantıkçı, M., Özkan, K., Özhan, K., Hüsrevoğlu, S., Ak Örek, Y., Tuğrul, S., Salihoğlu, B., (2023). “MARMOD Projesi ile Yeni Oşinografik Yaklaşımlar Işığında Marmara Denizi’nde Oksijensizleşme ve Müsilajın Yayılımı”. Çevre Şehir ve İklim Dergisi, 2(3):82-96.
  • Kavzoğlu, T., Çölkesen, İ. (2025). “Uzaktan Algılama Teknolojileri Ve Uygulama Alanları”. https://www.gtu.edu.tr/Files/UserFiles/80/jeodezi/yayinlar/pdf/kavzoglu_Colkesen_Calistay.pdf
  • Koundouri, P., Landis, C., Plataniotis, A., (2023). “Contribution of Digitalization to the Sustainable Development in Europe”. European Commission, Seville, Spain, 2023, JRC134441.
  • Koyuncu Hışım, B., (2025). “Çevre Alanındaki Dijital İkiz Çalışmalarının Bibliyometrik Analiz Yöntemi ile İncelenmesi”. Kayseri Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt 7, Sayı: 1, Haziran 2025, 125-149
  • Koning K., Broekhuijsen, J., Kühn, I., Ovaskainen, O., Taubert, F., Endresen, D., Dmitry, S., Grimm, V., (2023). “Digital twins: dynamic model-data fusion for ecology”. Opinion, Volume 38, Issue 10p916-926 October 2023.
  • Koedel, U., Dietrich, P., Herrmann, T., Liang, C., Ritter., O., Roettenbacher, J., Schuetze, F., Schuetze, S., Thoboell, J., Schuetze J., (2024). “Enhancing citizen science impact in environmental monitoring: Targeted engagement strategies with stakeholder groups”. Hypothesıs And Theory, Volume 12 – 2024, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1375675.
  • Lin, M., Yang, C. (2020). “Ocean Observation Technologies: A Review”. Chin. J. Mech. Eng. 33, 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10033-020-00449-z
  • Mondejar, M., E., Avtar, R., Lellani, H., Diaz, B., Dubey, R. K., Esteban, J., Gómez-Morales, A., vd., (2021), “Digitalization to achieve sustainable development goals: Steps towards a Smart Green Planet”. Science of The Total Environment, Volume 794, 10 November 2021, 148539
  • MGM, (2025). “Hava Tahmini, Otomatik Gözlem İstasyonu”. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/genel/meteorolojikaletler.aspx?s=9
  • Maillard, O.; Michme, G.; Azurduy, H.; Vides-Almonacid, R. (2024). “Citizen Science for Environmental Monitoring in the Eastern Region of Bolivia”. Sustainability, 16, 2333. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16062333.
  • Muppala, M. (2025). “Digital Oceans: Artificial Intelligence, IoT, and Sensor Technologies for Marine Monitoring and Climate Resilience. Deep Science, Publishing. https://doi.org/10.70593/978-93 7185-787-1
  • Miedtank, A., Schneider, J., Manss., C., Zielinski., O., (2024). “Marine digital twins for enhanced ocean understanding”. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, Volume 36, November 2024, 101268, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2024.101268.
  • MARMOD, (2025). “Marmara Denizi Bütünleşik Modelleme Sistemi”. https://marmod.ims.metu.edu.tr/marmaradenizi/.
  • Mărcuță C., (2024). “How Digital Transformation Enhances Data-driven Decision-making in Environmental Monitoring Software”. https://moldstud.com/articles/p-leveraging-digital-transformation-for-data-driven-decisionmaking- in-environmental-monitoring-software
  • Nakhle, P., Stamos, I., Proietti, P., Siragusa, A., (2024). “Environmental monitoring in European regions using the sustainable development goals (SDG) framework”. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators 21 (2024) 100332.
  • Olawade, D., Wada, O., Ige, A., Egbewole, B., Olojo, A., Oladapo, B., (2024). “Artificial intelligence in environmental monitoring: Advancements, challenges, and future directions”. Hygiene and Environmental Health Advances 12 (2024) 100114.
  • Puig, M. and Darbra R., (2024). “Innovations and insights in environmental monitoring and assessment in port areas”. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 2024, 70:101472
  • Reid, J., Castka, P., (2023). “The impact of remote sensing on monitoring and reporting - The case of conformance systems”. Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 393, 20 March 2023, 136331
  • Rao, V. (2024). “AI for Environmental Monitoring”. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ai-environmental-monitoringvasu- rao-pkmuc/
  • Saeed, A. F., (2022). “Environmental sustainability and digitization”. Internatıonal Journal Of Modern Agrıculture And Envıronment Print ISSN 2974-4407 Online ISSN 2974-4415 VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2021:83 – 98.
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Digital Approaches in Environmental Monitoring

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 16, 116 - 141, 29.12.2025

Öz

Environmental protection requires the production and evaluation of accurate and precise data and the implementation of environmental measures accordingly. Maintaining a good environmental status, as determined by the environmental data generated, is a fundamental goal of sustainable management. The processing and management of environmental data, especially big data, is crucial for decision-making and environmental policy development. The digital transformation, which has profoundly impacted all aspects of human life and changed lifestyles, also plays a significant role in environmental monitoring efforts. Digitally enabled solutions for processing and managing large-scale environmental data have have become increasingly prevalent in environmental monitoring. The rapid development of digital technologies offers a wide range of opportunities in various areas, from monitoring and data collection systems to effective environmental management, climate change monitoring, and the creation of early warning systems. Digital technologies are emerging as an effective means of environmental protection, promoting both green and digital transformations.
In this study, by conducting a literature review, the digital approach to environmental monitoring based on digital platforms that enable the collection, storage, processing and management of large volumes of environmental data is discussed, why and how these platforms are used in monitoring is examined, the digital technological tools used in environmental monitoring are presented and the potential challenges and opportunities of these technologies are presented. Additionally, digital environmental monitoring studies used in our country are briefly reviewed. This study aims to present a vision for developing an inter-institutional strategy for sustainable environmental policy in our country by highlighting the key challenges encountered in digital environmental monitoring and presenting opportunities that will support effective environmental management practices in the future. Digital platforms facilitate data collection, archiving, sharing, and utilization; and by connecting with other platforms, they support the understanding of broader environmental patterns. Increased data accessibility and enhanced technical capacity are anticipated to create greater demand for ethically developed platforms that support decision-making processes.

Kaynakça

  • Amirova E., Garbuzova, T., Gazieva, L. (2024). “Environmental management in the era of digitalization:opportunities and challenges for green Technologies”. BIO Web of Conferences 140, 04009 (2024), SDEA2024, https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414004009
  • Ahmed, M., Rahim, M., Nordin, R., F., Ebu-Samah, E., Abdullah N. (2021). “Ionizing Radiation Monitoring Technology at the Verge of Internet of Things, Sensörler”. 21 (22), 7629; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21227629.
  • Alkhanov, N., Inalkaev, A., Khatsieva, L. (2022). “Early Warnıng And Envıronmental Monıtorıng Systems In The Context of Economıc Dıgıtalızatıon”. RT&A, Special Issue No (70) Volume 17, November 2022, 464-470.
  • Amani vd., (2022). “Ocean Remote Sensing Techniques and Applications: A Review (Part I)”. Water, 14(21), 3400; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14213400.
  • Bhoda, S. K., (2024). “Driving 4IR Adoption - Geospatial & BIM Expert | Enabling Smart Infrastructure through AI & Digital Twins”.
  • Bychkov IV., Fereferov E.S (2022). “Digital Technologies for Monitoring and Forecasting the Environmental Situation in Siberia”. May 15;92 (2):133–140. doi: 10.1134/S101933162202006X,
  • Chai, F. vd.,(2020). “Monitoring ocean biogeochemistry with autonomous platforms”. Article in Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, DOI: 10.1038/s43017-020-0053.
  • Chavhan N.,Resham Bhattad R.,Khot S. Patil S., Pawar A., Pawar T., Gawli P., (2025). “APAH: An autonomous IoT driven real-time monitoring system for Industrial wastewater”. Digital Chemical Engineering 14, 100217.
  • Çevresel İzleme Kılavuzu, 2025. https://safetyculture.com/topics/environmental-monitoring/, Erişim:15.09.2025
  • ÇŞİDB, 2024. “Ulusal Uzaktan Algılama Verilerinin Entegre Yönetimi Stratejisi Çalışma Heyeti Sonuç Raporu”.
  • ÇŞİDB, ODTÜ-DBE (2025). “Marmara Denizi Bütünleşik Modelleme Sistemi (MARMOD): Faz II Projesi”. Ana Çıktıları, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Defferrard, J. (2023). “Successfully Digitalize Your Environmental Monitoring Program - Quality Assurance & Food Safety”. Associate Director, Augmented Diagnostics – Americas bioMérieux, www.qualityassurancemag.com/article/successfully-digitalize-your-environmental-monitoring-program.
  • Ding N., Yanheng Xi, Jiang W., Li H., Su J., Yang, S., Lie, T. T. (2025). “State-of-the-art carbon metering: Continuous emission monitoring systems for industrial applications”. Heliyon 11 (2025) e42308, Volume 11, Issue 3, 15 February 2025, e42308
  • Drifter (oceanography) (2025). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drifter_(oceanography)#Surface _drifters
  • Durden, J., M.(2025). “Environmental Management Using A Digital Twin”. Environmental Science and Policy 164: (2025) 104018.
  • EC, (2021). “Communıcatıon From The Commıssıon To The European Parlıament, The Councıl, The European
  • Economic And Social Committee And The Committee Of The Regions 2030 Digital Compass: the European way for the Digital Decade”. Brussels, 9.3.2021, COM(2021) 118 final,
  • EU, (2025). “EU Data Act gives users control over data from connected devices”. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_25_2078.
  • FerryBox (2025). www.hereon.de/institutes/carbon_cycles/coastal_productivity/ferrybox/index.php.en
  • GreenData4All, EC (2025). “Updated Rules On Geospatial Environmental Data And Access To Environmental Information”. https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiatives/14541-European-Data-Union-Strategy_en
  • Gajare, K. (2025). “IoT Air Pollution Monitoring System”. https://www.ppsthane.com/blog/iot-air-pollutionmonitoring- system.
  • IoT for Wildlife Conservation and Environmental Monitoring, (2025). https://www.smartsight.in/industry-insights/iotfor-wildlife-conservation-and-environmental-monitoring/. İzlemenin Faydaları, (2025). https://www.qualityplanning.org.nz/node/1024, Erişim tarihi: 15.09.2025.
  • JRC (2022). “Towards a green and digitalfuture”. EUR 31075 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2022, ISBN 978-92-76-52451-9, doi:10.2760/977331, JRC129319.
  • Kalkan Tezcan, Yücel, M., E., Örek, H., Fach, B., Tezcan, D., Arkın, S., Sadihgrad, E., Acar, A.O., Mantıkçı, M., Özkan, K., Özhan, K., Hüsrevoğlu, S., Ak Örek, Y., Tuğrul, S., Salihoğlu, B., (2023). “MARMOD Projesi ile Yeni Oşinografik Yaklaşımlar Işığında Marmara Denizi’nde Oksijensizleşme ve Müsilajın Yayılımı”. Çevre Şehir ve İklim Dergisi, 2(3):82-96.
  • Kavzoğlu, T., Çölkesen, İ. (2025). “Uzaktan Algılama Teknolojileri Ve Uygulama Alanları”. https://www.gtu.edu.tr/Files/UserFiles/80/jeodezi/yayinlar/pdf/kavzoglu_Colkesen_Calistay.pdf
  • Koundouri, P., Landis, C., Plataniotis, A., (2023). “Contribution of Digitalization to the Sustainable Development in Europe”. European Commission, Seville, Spain, 2023, JRC134441.
  • Koyuncu Hışım, B., (2025). “Çevre Alanındaki Dijital İkiz Çalışmalarının Bibliyometrik Analiz Yöntemi ile İncelenmesi”. Kayseri Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt 7, Sayı: 1, Haziran 2025, 125-149
  • Koning K., Broekhuijsen, J., Kühn, I., Ovaskainen, O., Taubert, F., Endresen, D., Dmitry, S., Grimm, V., (2023). “Digital twins: dynamic model-data fusion for ecology”. Opinion, Volume 38, Issue 10p916-926 October 2023.
  • Koedel, U., Dietrich, P., Herrmann, T., Liang, C., Ritter., O., Roettenbacher, J., Schuetze, F., Schuetze, S., Thoboell, J., Schuetze J., (2024). “Enhancing citizen science impact in environmental monitoring: Targeted engagement strategies with stakeholder groups”. Hypothesıs And Theory, Volume 12 – 2024, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1375675.
  • Lin, M., Yang, C. (2020). “Ocean Observation Technologies: A Review”. Chin. J. Mech. Eng. 33, 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10033-020-00449-z
  • Mondejar, M., E., Avtar, R., Lellani, H., Diaz, B., Dubey, R. K., Esteban, J., Gómez-Morales, A., vd., (2021), “Digitalization to achieve sustainable development goals: Steps towards a Smart Green Planet”. Science of The Total Environment, Volume 794, 10 November 2021, 148539
  • MGM, (2025). “Hava Tahmini, Otomatik Gözlem İstasyonu”. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/genel/meteorolojikaletler.aspx?s=9
  • Maillard, O.; Michme, G.; Azurduy, H.; Vides-Almonacid, R. (2024). “Citizen Science for Environmental Monitoring in the Eastern Region of Bolivia”. Sustainability, 16, 2333. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16062333.
  • Muppala, M. (2025). “Digital Oceans: Artificial Intelligence, IoT, and Sensor Technologies for Marine Monitoring and Climate Resilience. Deep Science, Publishing. https://doi.org/10.70593/978-93 7185-787-1
  • Miedtank, A., Schneider, J., Manss., C., Zielinski., O., (2024). “Marine digital twins for enhanced ocean understanding”. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, Volume 36, November 2024, 101268, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2024.101268.
  • MARMOD, (2025). “Marmara Denizi Bütünleşik Modelleme Sistemi”. https://marmod.ims.metu.edu.tr/marmaradenizi/.
  • Mărcuță C., (2024). “How Digital Transformation Enhances Data-driven Decision-making in Environmental Monitoring Software”. https://moldstud.com/articles/p-leveraging-digital-transformation-for-data-driven-decisionmaking- in-environmental-monitoring-software
  • Nakhle, P., Stamos, I., Proietti, P., Siragusa, A., (2024). “Environmental monitoring in European regions using the sustainable development goals (SDG) framework”. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators 21 (2024) 100332.
  • Olawade, D., Wada, O., Ige, A., Egbewole, B., Olojo, A., Oladapo, B., (2024). “Artificial intelligence in environmental monitoring: Advancements, challenges, and future directions”. Hygiene and Environmental Health Advances 12 (2024) 100114.
  • Puig, M. and Darbra R., (2024). “Innovations and insights in environmental monitoring and assessment in port areas”. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 2024, 70:101472
  • Reid, J., Castka, P., (2023). “The impact of remote sensing on monitoring and reporting - The case of conformance systems”. Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 393, 20 March 2023, 136331
  • Rao, V. (2024). “AI for Environmental Monitoring”. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ai-environmental-monitoringvasu- rao-pkmuc/
  • Saeed, A. F., (2022). “Environmental sustainability and digitization”. Internatıonal Journal Of Modern Agrıculture And Envıronment Print ISSN 2974-4407 Online ISSN 2974-4415 VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2021:83 – 98.
  • Scanning the water column, (2025). www.hereon.de/institutes/carbon_cycles/cosyna/observations/ scanfish/index.php.en
  • Taştan, M. (2019). “Nesnelerin İnterneti Tabanlı Akıllı Sulama ve Uzaktan İzleme Sistemi”. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (15):229-236.
  • Ullo, S. V., Sinha G.R., (2020). “Advances in Smart Environment Monitoring Systems Using IoT and Sensors, Sensors”. 2020, 20, 3113; doi:10.3390/s20113113
  • Wegner-Kozlova E.O., Guman, O.M., (2020). “Digitalization of Environmental Monitoring as an Enabler of Circular Economy Transition”. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 138, 2nd
  • International Scientific and Practical Conference “Modern Management Trends and the Digital Economy: from Regional Development to Global Economic Growth” (MTDE 2020), s.1282-1286.
  • What is Argo?, (2025). https://argo.ucsd.edu/about/.
  • Wilkinson vd., 2016. “The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship”. Scientific Data.
  • WMO, (2024). “Low-cost sensors can improve air quality monitoring and people’s health”. wmo.int/news/mediacentre/low-cost-sensors-can-improve-air-quality-monitoring-and-peoples-health?utm_source, Press Release, 13 June 2024.
  • Zarali, F. & Kılıçarslan, Z. & Dumrul, Y. (2024). “AB Ülkelerinin Dijital Dönüşümünün Entropi Tabanlı TOPSIS Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi”. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 69:195-203, doi: 10.18070/erciyesiibd.1540002
  • https://bridgeblacksea.org/index.php/black-sea-dto/
  • http://tr.boquinstruments.com/news/iot-water-quality-sensor-2
  • https://www.geomar.de/en/research/irf/digital-twin-ocean
  • http://www.mercator-ocean.eu/ocean-data/ocean-monitoring-forecasting/
  • https://www.marinebiodiversity.ca/advanced-technologies-reveal-our-three-major-marine-ecosystems/
  • https://www.marineboard.eu/marine-habitat-mapping
Toplam 58 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Çevresel Değerlendirme ve İzleme
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Ebru Olgun Eker 0009-0005-5016-3056

Devrim Tezcan 0000-0003-4137-9101

Gönderilme Tarihi 9 Ekim 2025
Kabul Tarihi 22 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 16

Kaynak Göster

APA Olgun Eker, E., & Tezcan, D. (2025). ÇEVRESEL İZLEMELERDE DİJİTAL YAKLAŞIMLAR. Doğanın Sesi, 8(16), 116-141.
AMA Olgun Eker E, Tezcan D. ÇEVRESEL İZLEMELERDE DİJİTAL YAKLAŞIMLAR. Doğanın Sesi. Aralık 2025;8(16):116-141.
Chicago Olgun Eker, Ebru, ve Devrim Tezcan. “ÇEVRESEL İZLEMELERDE DİJİTAL YAKLAŞIMLAR”. Doğanın Sesi 8, sy. 16 (Aralık 2025): 116-41.
EndNote Olgun Eker E, Tezcan D (01 Aralık 2025) ÇEVRESEL İZLEMELERDE DİJİTAL YAKLAŞIMLAR. Doğanın Sesi 8 16 116–141.
IEEE E. Olgun Eker ve D. Tezcan, “ÇEVRESEL İZLEMELERDE DİJİTAL YAKLAŞIMLAR”, Doğanın Sesi, c. 8, sy. 16, ss. 116–141, 2025.
ISNAD Olgun Eker, Ebru - Tezcan, Devrim. “ÇEVRESEL İZLEMELERDE DİJİTAL YAKLAŞIMLAR”. Doğanın Sesi 8/16 (Aralık2025), 116-141.
JAMA Olgun Eker E, Tezcan D. ÇEVRESEL İZLEMELERDE DİJİTAL YAKLAŞIMLAR. Doğanın Sesi. 2025;8:116–141.
MLA Olgun Eker, Ebru ve Devrim Tezcan. “ÇEVRESEL İZLEMELERDE DİJİTAL YAKLAŞIMLAR”. Doğanın Sesi, c. 8, sy. 16, 2025, ss. 116-41.
Vancouver Olgun Eker E, Tezcan D. ÇEVRESEL İZLEMELERDE DİJİTAL YAKLAŞIMLAR. Doğanın Sesi. 2025;8(16):116-41.