MİKROPLASTİKLERİN DENİZ ÇEVRESİNDE NEDEN OLDUĞU ETKİLER

Öz

Modern çağda insanın gittikçe fazla miktarda ürettiği ancak hem üretim süreci hem de tüketiminden sonra atıklarıyla ve bu maddelerin doğada akışı ile nasıl baş edileceğini henüz tam olarak keşfedemediği plastikler günümüzde ekosistem ve insan sağlığı açısından tehdit oluştururken, bilimsel araştırmalarda da önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Plastikler, dayanıklılık, kullanım kolaylığı, hafiflik, üretim maliyetinin ucuz olması gibi kendilerine özgü nitelikleriyle; paketleme, kişisel tüketim ürünleri, tekstil ürünleri, elektrik elektronik üretimi, taşıma, endüstriyel makinelerin ve bina yapımları gibi akla gelen çok çeşitli alanlarda kullanılmakta ve gündelik hayatın vazgeçilmezi haline gelmektedir. Kutuplardan okyanusların en derin noktasına kadar dünyanın her yerine rastlanan plastik atıkların sucul ortamlarda birikimi günümüzde en önemli çevre sorunları arasındadır. Bu atıklar denizel ortamlarda çeşitli yollarla mikroplastikler olarak adlandırılan daha küçük boyuttaki parçacıklara dönüşürler. Bu makalede mikroplastiklerin kaynakları ve deniz ekosistemlerinde neden olduğu etkiler değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• deniz
• ekosistem
• kirlilik
• mikroplastik

Effects of Microplastics in Marine Environment

Öz

In the modern age, more and more plastics have been produced by humans however it has not yet been fully discovered how to deal with its waste both during the production process and after consumption and flow of plastics in nature. Plastics pose a threat to the ecosystem and human health thus it has an important place in scientific research. Due to their properties such as durability, lightness, low cost of production, plastics are widely used in packaging, personal consumption products, textile products, electrical and electronic production, transportation, industrial machinery and building constructions. Accumulation of the plastic waste; occuring from polar region to the deepest part of the ocean floor in aquatic environment is one of the most important concerns of environmental problems. These wastes transform into smaller forms of particles which are called microplastics in marine environment by various factors. In this paper, sour- ces and effects of microplastics in marine ecosystems were evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sea
• pollution
• microplastic

Kaynakça

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