Öz
The relationships of animals with walnut and hazelnut trees are evaluated by taking into consideration the damage and benefits they give to these plants. Since the harm effect of some animal groups causes great economic losses, researches on this subject are more common. In this study, the effects of mammals and bird species on the biodiversity of these trees were investigated. The data collected in the literature and the observations made by the researchers during the field studies were updated. According to field observations and knowledge of literature, mammalian species which feed on these fruits in Turkey are as follows: squirrel species, hazel dormouse, edible dormouse and forest dormouse species, the species of birds; Eurasian Jay, Western Jackdaw, Spotted Nutcracker, Eurasian Magpie. It has been determined that these species can be effective on product quantity and quality depending on population density. These species, while carrying the fruit into the nest by a portion of the storage of some areas to forget or leave the excess of walnuts and hazelnuts in these areas to cause germination and saplings. Especially squirrels and crows were more effective in this regard. These animals are distributed to different regions of the walnut and hazelnut populations and to increase the diversity of species of the species by pollination of new trees growing in different areas. It has been determined that these animals have an important role in the continuation and distribution of their trees.