INVESTIGATIONS ON THE PERFORMANCE AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF A DIESEL ENGINE USING SUNFLOWER METHYL ESTER OIL AS FUEL

Yıl 2008, Sayı: 015, 109 - 122, 15.04.2008

Hanbey Hazar

Öz

In this experimental
study, the effects of the usage of sunflower oils, as alternative fuels,
performance and exhaust emissions in a single and naturally aspirated diesel engine
were investigated. The biodiesel was produced by a transesterification
technique. Methyl esters obtained from sunflower oils were tested as diesel
fuels, blended with  25 %, 50 %, 75 % of
a No. 2D diesel fuel which was also used pure. In order to determine emission
and performance characteristics, the engine was tested with full load-varied
speed. Engine performance and emission characteristics of different fuels in a
diesel engine were investigated and compared with the base diesel fuel.
Observations showed that smoke density and CO emissions decreased with
increasing oxygenate content in the fuels but NO_x emissions slight
increased. Biodiesels presented a slight increase in specific fuel consumption,
but engine power decreased. The temperature of the exhaust gases is similar to
No.2D fuel. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biodiesel, Sunflower oil, Diesel engine, Exhaust emissions

YAKIT OLARAK AYÇİÇEK METİL ESTER KULLANILAN BİR DİZEL MOTORUNDA PERFORMANS VE EMİSYONUN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Bu
deneysel çalışmada,  tek silindirli,
doğal emişli bir dizel motorda alternatif yakıt olarak ayçiçek metil esterinin
performans ve emisyonlar üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Biyodizel üretim
yöntemi olarak transesterfikasyon yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ayçiçek yağından elde
edilen metil ester, No. 2D dizel yakıtı ile 
% 25, % 50, % 75 oranında karıştırılarak ve saf olarak test edilmiştir.
Motorun performans ve emisyon karakteristiklerini belirlemek için testler, tam
yük değişken devir şartları altında yapılmıştır. Dizel motoru üzerinde
kullanılan yakıtların performans ve emisyon karakteristikleri dizel yakıtı esas
alınarak karşılaştırmalı olarak araştırılmıştır. Deney sonuçları biyodizel
yakıtının içerisindeki oksijen varlığı ile is ve CO emisyonlarının azaldığı,
ancak NO_x’ in biraz arttığını göstermektedir. Biyodizelin özgül
yakıt tüketiminde bir miktar artış, motor gücünde ise azalma olmuştur. Egzoz
gaz sıcaklığının No.2D dizel yakıtı ile benzer eğilim gösterdiği tespit
edilmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyodizel, Ayçiçek yağı, Dizel motor, Egzoz emisyonu

Kaynakça

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