Profesyonel Erkek Voleybolcularda Sezon İçinde Sıçrama ve Kas Kuvveti Performansındaki Değişimler: Bir Durum Çalışması

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı profesyonel erkek voleybolcuların sezon içindeki maç ve antrenman örgüsü içerisinde sıçrama ve kuvvet performansları, fonksiyonel hareket tarama test puanları ve toplam fiziksel uygunluk puanlarındaki değişimin incelenmesiydi. Araştırmaya Türkiye Voleybol Federasyonu 1. Ligi A grubunda mücadele eden bir voleybol takımında oynayan 25,6±4,3 yıl yaş ortalamasına sahip 10 profesyonel erkek sporcu katıldı. Sporcular düzenli olarak (haftada 5 gün antrenman 1 gün maç şeklinde) voleybol antrenmanı yaptı ve bu çalışmalara ilaveten haftada en az iki geleneksel direnç antrenmanı gerçekleştirdi. Araştırmada sezonun ikinci devresinin başlangıcında ve sonunda sporcuların vücut kompozisyonu ölçümleri, fonksiyonel hareket tarama (FMS) testleri, çeviklik testi (T test), sıçrama testleri (dikey sıçrama, smaç adımlamasıyla dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama) ve bir tekrarlı maksimum kuvvet (1-TM) ölçümleri (çömelme, barı yerden kesme, barı göğüsten itiş ve omuz itiş hareketlerinde) gerçekleştirildi. Tüm ölçümler aynı koşullar altında ve aynı zaman diliminde yapıldı, 10 performans testinin yer aldığı toplam fiziksel uygunluk puanı hesaplandı. Sporcuların performansındaki değişimlerin analizi bağımlı gruplarda t-testiyle gerçekleştirildi. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Sezon içerisinde uygulanan antrenmanlar ve maçlar voleybolcuların kuvvet performansını arttırmada etkili oldu. Sporcuların çömelme, barı yerden kesme, göğüsten itiş ve omuzdan itiş hareketlerinde 1-TM mutlak ve rölatif kuvvet performansları arttı (p<0,05). Diğer değişkenlerle ilgili anlamlı değişim gözlenmedi (p>0,05). Çalışmanın sonuçları profesyonel erkek voleybolcularda voleybol antrenmanlarına ilaveten yapılan geleneksel direnç egzersizlerinin sezon boyunca kuvvet performansında artış sağlanabileceğini gösterdi. Bu performans artışı sporcuların sıçrama performanslarını, FMS ve toplam fiziksel uygunluk puanlarını etkilemedi, bununla birlikte sıçrama performansı üst seviyede korundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antrenman
• Atletik Performans
• Voleybol
• Yarışma Dönemi

Changes of Jumping and Muscle Strength Performance in Professional Male Volleyball Players: A Case Study

Öz

The study aims to investigate the changes in jumping and strength performance, Functional Movement Screen test scores, and total physical fitness scores of professional male volleyball players during the half-season consisting of training and match calendars. Ten professional volleyball players (25,6±4,3 years old) from the Turkish Volleyball Federation 1. League voluntarily participated in this study. Players regularly practiced six days a week, consisting of two traditional resistance training sessions, five volleyball practice sessions and a match day. Body composition measurements, Functional Movement Screen (FMS) tests, agility tests, jump tests (vertical jumping, jumping after spike steps, horizontal jump) and one repetition maximum (1-RM) strength tests (squat, deadlift, bench press and shoulder press) were carried out before and after the second half season. All the measurements were carried out under the same experimental condition and time of day. Then, total physical fitness test of 10 performance tests was evaluated. Statistical analyses of changes in the performances of volleyball players were analyzed with paired t-tests. The statistical significance was set at p<0,05. The training and matches of the volleyball players during the season caused an increase in maximal strength performance. Their performance of 1-RM absolute and relative strength in squat, deadlift, bench press and shoulders press increased (p<0,05). There were no significant changes in all the other variables of jump tests, FMS, total physical fitness (p>0,05). The results showed that traditional resistance training in addition to volleyball practice can increase the strength performance of male volleyball players during the second half-season. This increase in performance did not affect the jumping performance, FMS and total physical fitness points of the players, and jumping performance kept on at a high level.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Training
• Athletic performance
• Volleyball
• Competition period

Kaynakça

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