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A Bibliometric Examination of Studies in the Field of Outdoor Education from the Perspective of Educational and Sports Sciences

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 57 - 66, 27.02.2026
https://izlik.org/JA32XP56LP

Öz

This study presents a bibliometric analysis of academic publications on outdoor education. Outdoor education is defined as an interdisciplinary method that occurs in out-of-classroom environments, is based on experiential learning, and engages all the senses. The research scanned studies conducted using the keyword 'outdoor education' in the Web of Science Core Collection database up to December 14, 2025, and identified 1,232 documents. 701 studies in the fields of education and sports sciences were analyzed; it was found that the majority of them were published as articles and in English. The analyses conducted with the VOSviewer program revealed that Beames S. is the most prolific author, the University of Edinburgh is the institution with the highest number of publications, and the United States is the country with the most publications. In recent years, Finland, Norway, Spain, and Croatia have been observed to play an active role in studies on the subject. Keyword analysis has shown that research in recent years has shifted towards the fields of 'primary education', 'early childhood', 'children', 'teachers', and 'technology'. The Journal of Adventure Education was the journal with the most publications, while Morris's (2020) study on the experiential learning model received 539 citations, making it the most cited publication. This bibliometric analysis indicates that there has been increasing academic interest in the field of outdoor education in recent years and that research has particularly focused on early childhood, primary education, and technology integration. The increase in international collaborations and interdisciplinary studies demonstrates that outdoor education is gaining an increasingly important place on the global education agenda.

Etik Beyan

This study used existing data. Therefore, ethical committee approval is not applicable.

Kaynakça

  • Barber, P., Cox, M., Watt, A., & Carpenter, C. (2026). Outdoor education in Australian secondary schools – a domain evaluation. Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education, 29, 111–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42322-025-00203-w Bisson, C. (1996). The outdoor education umbrella: A metaphoric model to conceptualize outdoor experiential learning methods (ED416049). ERIC. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED416049.pdf Brookes, A. (1989). Outdoor education: Environmental education reinvented, or environmental education reconceived? Australian Journal of Environmental Education, 5, 15-23. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0814062600002111
  • Braun, T., & Dierkes, P. (2017). Connecting students to nature–how intensity of nature experience and student age influence the success of outdoor education programs. Environmental Education Research, 23(7), 937-949. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2016.1214866
  • Covaci, G. (2025). Perspectives on outdoor education for preschoolers. Journal of Non-Formal and Digital Education, 1(1), 52-56. https://doi.org/10.63734/jnfde.01.01.008
  • D’Amato, L. G., & Krasny, M. E. (2011). Outdoor adventure education: Applying transformative learning theory to understanding instrumental learning and personal growth in environmental education. The Journal of Environmental Education, 42(4), 237–254. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.2011.581313
  • Davidson, C., Ewert, A., & Chang, Y. (2016). Multiple methods for identifying outcomes of a high challenge adventure activity. Journal of Experiential Education, 39(2), 164-178. https://doi.org/10.1177/1053825916634116 Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. (2021). How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133, 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070
  • Down, M., Picknoll, D., Hoyne, G., Piggott, B., & Bulsara, C. (2025). When the real stuff happens: A qualitative descriptive study of the psychosocial outcomes of outdoor adventure education for adolescents. Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education, 28(1), 43-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42322-023-00151-3 Dyment, J. E., & Potter, T. G. (2015). Is outdoor education a discipline? Provocations and possibilities. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 15(3), 193-208. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2014.949808
  • Hattie, J., Marsh, H. W., Neill, J. T., & Richards, G. E. (1997). Adventure education and outward bound: Out-of-class experiences that make a lasting difference. Review of Educational Research, 67(1), 43-87. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543067001043
  • Hutson, G., Baird, J., Ives, C. D., Dale, G., Holzer, J. M., & Plummer, R. (2024). Outdoor adventure education as a platform for developing environmental leadership. People and Nature, 6(5), 1974-1986. https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10699
  • Mateer, T. J., Pighetti, J., Taff, B. D., & Allison, P. (2023). Outward Bound and outdoor adventure education: A scoping review, 1995-2019. Annales Kinesiologiae, 13(2), 143-181. https://doi.org/10.35469/ak.2022.368
  • Mokhtar, R. S., Nasri, N., & Wan Pa, W. A. M. (2025). Integration of outdoor education in health education curriculum: A systematic review of teaching models and strategies. e-Bangi Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 22(3), 259-272. https://doi.org/10.17576/ebangi.2025.2203.21
  • Morris, T. H. (2020). Experiential learning – a systematic review and revision of Kolb’s model. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(8), 1064–1077. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1570279
  • Nicol, R. (2002). Outdoor education: Research topic or universal value? Part one. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 2(1), 29 - 41. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729670285200141
  • Özen, G., Özsoy, A., & Yıldız, N. O. (2018). The impact of artificial wall climbing as a recreational activity on children's locus of control. Journal of Human Sciences, 15(4), 2462-2467. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i4.5545 Priest, S. (1986). Redefining outdoor education: A matter of many relationships. The Journal of Environmental Education, 17(3), 13-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1986.9941413
  • Reed, J., & Smith, H. (2023). Everything we do will have an element of fear in it: Challenging assumptions of fear for all in outdoor adventurous education. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 23(2), 107–119. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2021.1961092 Scrutton, R., & Beames, S. (2015). Measuring the unmeasurable: Upholding rigor in quantitative studies of personal and social development in outdoor adventure education. Journal of Experiential Education, 38(1), 8-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1053825913514730 Thorburn, M. & Allison, P. (2010). Are we ready to go outdoors now? The prospects for outdoor education during a period of curriculum renewal in Scotland, The Curriculum Journal, 21(1), 97-108. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585170903560824
  • Yıldız, N. O., Bostancı, T. G., & Kaçay, Z. (2022). Bir günlük iç mekan macera eğitim uygulamalarının yaratıcı kişilik özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, 5(Özel Sayı 2), 818-828. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1201893
  • Yıldız, N. O., & Bostancı, T. G. (2016). Bireylerin iş yaşamlarına ilişkin motivasyon düzeylerine dağcılık sporunun etkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(3), 65-77.

Açık Alan Eğitimleri Alanında Yapılan Çalışmaların Eğitim ve Spor Bilimleri Açısından Bibliometrik İncelenmesi

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 57 - 66, 27.02.2026
https://izlik.org/JA32XP56LP

Öz

Bu çalışma, açık alan eğitimi konusundaki akademik yayınların bibliyometrik analizini sunmaktadır. Açık alan eğitimi, sınıf dışı ortamlarda gerçekleşen, deneyimsel öğrenmeye dayalı, tüm duyuları kapsayan disiplinler arası bir yöntem olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Araştırmada Web of Science Core Collection veri tabanı kullanılarak "outdoor education" anahtar kelimesiyle 14 Aralık 2025 tarihine kadar yapılan çalışmalar taranmış ve 1,232 dokümana ulaşılmıştır. Eğitim ve spor bilimleri alanlarında 701 çalışma analiz edilmiş; bunların çoğunluğunun makale türünde ve İngilizce dilinde yayınlandığı tespit edilmiştir. VOSviewer programıyla gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda Beames S. en üretken yazar, University of Edinburgh en fazla yayın yapan kurum, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ise en çok yayın yapan ülke olarak öne çıkmıştır. Son yıllarda Finlandiya, Norveç, İspanya ve Hırvatistan'ın konuyla ilgili çalışmalarda aktif rol aldığı görülmüştür. Anahtar kelime analizi, araştırmaların son yıllarda "primary education", "early childhood", "children", "teachers" ve "technology" alanlarına yöneldiğini göstermiştir. Journal of Adventure Education en fazla yayın yapan dergi olurken, Morris'in (2020) deneyimsel öğrenme modeline ilişkin çalışması 539 atıfla en çok atıf alan yayın olmuştur. Bu bibliyometrik analiz, açık alan eğitimi alanında son yıllarda artan bir akademik ilgi olduğunu ve araştırmaların özellikle erken çocukluk, ilköğretim ve teknoloji entegrasyonu konularına yöneldiğini göstermektedir. Uluslararası işbirlikleri ve disiplinler arası çalışmaların artması, açık alan eğitiminin küresel eğitim gündeminde giderek daha önemli bir yer kazandığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma insan veya hayvan katılımcıları içermemektedir. Tüm prosedürler bilimsel ve etik ilkelere uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiş olup, atıfta bulunulan tüm çalışmalar uygun şekilde kaynak gösterilmiştir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu araştırma için herhangi bir dış finansman alınmamıştır.

Teşekkür

Yazar herhangi bir kişi veya kuruma teşekkür etmek istememektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Barber, P., Cox, M., Watt, A., & Carpenter, C. (2026). Outdoor education in Australian secondary schools – a domain evaluation. Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education, 29, 111–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42322-025-00203-w Bisson, C. (1996). The outdoor education umbrella: A metaphoric model to conceptualize outdoor experiential learning methods (ED416049). ERIC. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED416049.pdf Brookes, A. (1989). Outdoor education: Environmental education reinvented, or environmental education reconceived? Australian Journal of Environmental Education, 5, 15-23. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0814062600002111
  • Braun, T., & Dierkes, P. (2017). Connecting students to nature–how intensity of nature experience and student age influence the success of outdoor education programs. Environmental Education Research, 23(7), 937-949. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2016.1214866
  • Covaci, G. (2025). Perspectives on outdoor education for preschoolers. Journal of Non-Formal and Digital Education, 1(1), 52-56. https://doi.org/10.63734/jnfde.01.01.008
  • D’Amato, L. G., & Krasny, M. E. (2011). Outdoor adventure education: Applying transformative learning theory to understanding instrumental learning and personal growth in environmental education. The Journal of Environmental Education, 42(4), 237–254. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.2011.581313
  • Davidson, C., Ewert, A., & Chang, Y. (2016). Multiple methods for identifying outcomes of a high challenge adventure activity. Journal of Experiential Education, 39(2), 164-178. https://doi.org/10.1177/1053825916634116 Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. (2021). How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133, 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070
  • Down, M., Picknoll, D., Hoyne, G., Piggott, B., & Bulsara, C. (2025). When the real stuff happens: A qualitative descriptive study of the psychosocial outcomes of outdoor adventure education for adolescents. Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education, 28(1), 43-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42322-023-00151-3 Dyment, J. E., & Potter, T. G. (2015). Is outdoor education a discipline? Provocations and possibilities. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 15(3), 193-208. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2014.949808
  • Hattie, J., Marsh, H. W., Neill, J. T., & Richards, G. E. (1997). Adventure education and outward bound: Out-of-class experiences that make a lasting difference. Review of Educational Research, 67(1), 43-87. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543067001043
  • Hutson, G., Baird, J., Ives, C. D., Dale, G., Holzer, J. M., & Plummer, R. (2024). Outdoor adventure education as a platform for developing environmental leadership. People and Nature, 6(5), 1974-1986. https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10699
  • Mateer, T. J., Pighetti, J., Taff, B. D., & Allison, P. (2023). Outward Bound and outdoor adventure education: A scoping review, 1995-2019. Annales Kinesiologiae, 13(2), 143-181. https://doi.org/10.35469/ak.2022.368
  • Mokhtar, R. S., Nasri, N., & Wan Pa, W. A. M. (2025). Integration of outdoor education in health education curriculum: A systematic review of teaching models and strategies. e-Bangi Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 22(3), 259-272. https://doi.org/10.17576/ebangi.2025.2203.21
  • Morris, T. H. (2020). Experiential learning – a systematic review and revision of Kolb’s model. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(8), 1064–1077. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1570279
  • Nicol, R. (2002). Outdoor education: Research topic or universal value? Part one. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 2(1), 29 - 41. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729670285200141
  • Özen, G., Özsoy, A., & Yıldız, N. O. (2018). The impact of artificial wall climbing as a recreational activity on children's locus of control. Journal of Human Sciences, 15(4), 2462-2467. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i4.5545 Priest, S. (1986). Redefining outdoor education: A matter of many relationships. The Journal of Environmental Education, 17(3), 13-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1986.9941413
  • Reed, J., & Smith, H. (2023). Everything we do will have an element of fear in it: Challenging assumptions of fear for all in outdoor adventurous education. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 23(2), 107–119. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2021.1961092 Scrutton, R., & Beames, S. (2015). Measuring the unmeasurable: Upholding rigor in quantitative studies of personal and social development in outdoor adventure education. Journal of Experiential Education, 38(1), 8-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1053825913514730 Thorburn, M. & Allison, P. (2010). Are we ready to go outdoors now? The prospects for outdoor education during a period of curriculum renewal in Scotland, The Curriculum Journal, 21(1), 97-108. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585170903560824
  • Yıldız, N. O., Bostancı, T. G., & Kaçay, Z. (2022). Bir günlük iç mekan macera eğitim uygulamalarının yaratıcı kişilik özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, 5(Özel Sayı 2), 818-828. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1201893
  • Yıldız, N. O., & Bostancı, T. G. (2016). Bireylerin iş yaşamlarına ilişkin motivasyon düzeylerine dağcılık sporunun etkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(3), 65-77.
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor ve Rekreasyon
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Güçlü Özen 0000-0003-0360-5358

Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Ocak 2026
Kabul Tarihi 26 Şubat 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Şubat 2026
IZ https://izlik.org/JA32XP56LP
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Özen, G. (2026). Açık Alan Eğitimleri Alanında Yapılan Çalışmaların Eğitim ve Spor Bilimleri Açısından Bibliometrik İncelenmesi. Düzce Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 57-66. https://izlik.org/JA32XP56LP