Süs Bitkilerinde Akıllı ve Hassas Tarım Teknolojilerinin Kullanım Alanları, Karşılaşılan Zorluklar ve Sınırlılıklar Üzerine Sistematik Bir Derleme

Öz

Bu çalışma, süs bitkilerinde akıllı ve hassas tarım teknolojilerinin kullanım alanlarını, karşılaşılan zorlukları ve sınırlılıkları önerilerle birlikte ortaya koymak amacıyla hazırlanmış sistematik bir derlemedir. Çalışmada literatür taraması PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) yönergelerine uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiş; seçilmiş veri tabanlarından elde edilen araştırmalar değerlendirilmiştir. Analizler, sensör tabanlı sulama sistemleri, uzaktan algılama, drone uygulamaları, IoT tabanlı izleme araçları, yapay zekâ destekli karar mekanizmaları ve otomasyonun süs bitkisi üretiminde öne çıkan teknolojiler olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu uygulamalar; su ve besin yönetiminde tasarruf, enerji verimliliği, ürün kalitesinde artış ve işgücü maliyetlerinde azalma sağlamaktadır. Ancak yüksek yatırım maliyetleri, küçük ölçekli üreticilerin uyum güçlüğü, veri güvenliği, standartlaşma eksiklikleri ve teknik bilgi yetersizlikleri yaygınlaşmayı sınırlayan temel engeller olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Gelecek araştırmalar için düşük maliyetli sensörlerin geliştirilmesi, yapay zekâ destekli tahmin modellerinin yaygınlaştırılması ve üretici eğitim programlarının güçlendirilmesi önerilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, akıllı ve hassas tarım teknolojilerinin süs bitkileri sektöründe sürdürülebilir üretim için stratejik bir potansiyel taşıdığı; ancak bunun gerçekleşmesi için ekonomik, teknik ve kurumsal engellerin aşılması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• süs bitkileri
• akıllı tarım
• hassas tarım
• dijital tarım

A Systematic Review on the Applications, Challenges, and Limitations of Smart and Precision Agriculture Technologies in Ornamental Plants

Öz

This study is a systematic review prepared to identify the application areas of smart and precision agriculture technologies in ornamental plants, the challenges encountered, and recommendations for future research. The literature review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, and studies obtained from selected databases were analyzed. The findings indicate that sensor-based irrigation systems, remote sensing, drone applications, IoT-based monitoring tools, artificial intelligence-supported decision-making mechanisms, and automation are the most prominent technologies in ornamental plant production. These applications contribute to savings in water and nutrient management, improved energy efficiency, enhanced product quality, and reduced labor costs. However, high investment costs, the adaptation difficulties of small-scale producers, data security issues, lack of standardization, and insufficient technical knowledge emerge as major barriers limiting widespread adoption. For future research, the development of low-cost sensors, the expansion of artificial intelligence-based prediction models, and the strengthening of producer training programs are recommended. In conclusion, smart and precision farming technologies hold strategic potential for sustainable production in the ornamental plant sector; nevertheless, overcoming economic, technical, and institutional barriers is essential for realizing this potential.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ornamental plant
• smart agriculture
• precision agriculture
• digital farming

Kaynakça

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