Kaliteli Kaba Yemlere Farklı Düzeylerde İlave Edilen Prosopis Farcta Meyvesinin İn Vitro Sindirim Metodu Kullanılarak Organik Madde Sindirilebilirlik ve Metan Oluşumu Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, ruminant beslenmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan yonca kuru otu ve çayır kuru otuna farklı oranlarda (%2, %4, %6, %8, %10) eklenen Prosopis farcta meyvesinin, toplam gaz, metan, karbondioksit, amonyak azotu, pH, in vitro organik madde sindirilebilirlik ve metabolize edilebilir enerji üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Farklı oranlarda Prosopis farcta meyvesi eklenmiş kaba yemler in vitro gaz üretim tekniği ile 24 saat inkübasyona bırakılmıştır. Bu süre sonunda oluşan gaz, metan ölçüm cihazına özel bir düzenekle enjekte edilerek metan miktarları belirlenmiştir. Yonca katkı gruplarında Prosopis farcta meyvesi düzeyi arttıkça sindirilebilirlik ve metabolize edilebilir enerji seviyelerinde artış gözlenmiş, buna paralel olarak metan üretimi de artmıştır. Prosopis farcta meyvesi katkı miktarı artışına karşı gösterilen duyarlılık yonca grubunda çayır otuna kıyasla daha belirgindir. Özellikle %2, %6 ve %10 katkı seviyeleri in vitro organik madde sindirilebilirlik artışı sağlarken metan salınımını da yükseltmiştir. Çayır kuru otuna %2-4 Prosopis farcta meyvesi katkısı in vitro organik madde sindirilebilirlik ve metabolize edilebilir enerjiyi artırırken metanı da bir miktar yükseltmiştir. %6-10 düzeylerinde ise etkiler azalarak plato çizmiştir. Bu nedenle çayır kuru otuna %2-4 düzeyinde yapılan Prosopis farcta meyvesi katkısı, tek başına yem kullanımına göre daha dengeli ve uygulanabilir bir takviye yaklaşımı sunmaktadır. Zengin biyoaktif içeriği sayesinde Prosopis farcta meyvesi, rumen fermentasyonunu düzenleyerek metabolik tepkileri iyileştirebilir. Ancak, bu katkılar metan salınımını da artırmıştır. Sonuç olarak yonca kuru otu ve çayır kuru otu için %2-4 Prosopis farcta meyvesi katkı aralığı uygun katkı seviyeleri olarak tavsiye edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• in vitro
• metan oluşumu
• Prosopis fracta
• sindirim

Determination of the Effects of Different Levels of Prosopis Farcta Fruit Added to High-Quality Forages on Organic Matter Digestibility and Methane Formation Using the In Vitro Digestion Method

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effects of adding Prosopis farcta fruit at different levels (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) to alfalfa hay and meadow hay, which are commonly used in ruminant nutrition, on total gas production, methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia nitrogen, pH, in vitro organic matter digestibility, and metabolizable energy. Roughages supplemented with different levels of Prosopis farcta fruit were incubated for 24 hours using the in vitro gas production technique. At the end of the incubation period, the produced gas was injected into a methane measurement device using a specific apparatus to determine methane concentrations. In alfalfa-based groups, increasing levels of Prosopis farcta fruit led to an increase in digestibility and metabolizable energy, accompanied by a parallel rise in methane production. The sensitivity to increasing levels of Prosopis farcta fruit supplementation was more pronounced in the alfalfa group compared to the meadow hay group. Specifically, the inclusion levels of 2%, 6%, and 10% enhanced in vitro organic matter digestibility but also increased methane emissions. In the case of meadow hay, supplementation with 2-4% Prosopis farcta fruit improved in vitro organic matter digestibility and metabolizable energy, while also slightly elevating methane production. At inclusion levels of 6-10%, the effects diminished and tended to plateau. Therefore, supplementation of Prosopis farcta fruit at levels of 2-4% to meadow hay offers a more balanced and applicable feeding strategy compared to the use of roughage alone. Owing to its rich bioactive content, Prosopis farcta fruit may enhance metabolic responses by modulating rumen fermentation. However, these benefits were accompanied by an increase in methane emissions. In conclusion, supplementation with Prosopis farcta fruit at levels of 2-4% can be recommended as appropriate inclusion rates for both alfalfa hay and meadow hay.

Keywords

• Digestion
• in vitro
• methane formation
• Prosopis fracta

Kaynakça

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