Buzağılarda Göbek Fıtığı Onarımı Sırasında Ultrason Rehberliğinde Rektus Kılıf Bloğu İçin Farklı Sedatif-Lidokain Kombinasyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, farklı sedatif-lidokain kombinasyonlarının analjezik etkinliğini ve neonatal buzağılarda göbek fıtığı (hernia umbilicalis) cerrahisi öncesi ve sonrasında ağrı kontrolü için ultrasonografi (USG) eşliğinde bilateral rektus kılıf bloğu (RSB) uygulanabilirliğini değerlendirdi. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Hayvan Hastanesine göbek fıtığı nedeniyle getirilen, 0–3 aylık yaş arasında, sağlıklı otuz buzağı rastgele beş gruba ayrıldı. Gruplara şu kombinasyonlar uygulandı: ksilazin–lidokain (XY), deksmedetomidin–lidokain (DE), medetomidin–lidokain (ME), midazolam–lidokain (MI) ve butorfanol–lidokain (BU). Tüm preanestezik ajanlar intravenöz (IV) yolla uygulandı, ardından subkutan lidokain infiltrasyonu ve ultrason (US) eşliğinde bilateral RSB yapıldı. Analjezik etkinlik, buzağıların ayağa kalkmasını takiben 0, 30, 45, 60, 120 ve 240. dakikalarda Sığır Ağrı Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Görsel Analog Skala (VAS) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Tüm gruplarda cerrahi işlemler komplikasyonsuz tamamlandı ve operasyon süreleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlenmedi (P >0,05). XY ve MI gruplarında analjezik etkinin erken başladığı, uzun süreli ve stabil olduğu görüldü. BU grubunda ise başlangıçta etkili olan analjezi zamanla hafif azaldı. ME grubunda analjezi süresi daha kısa bulundu. DE grubunda orta düzeyde stabilite sağlanmasına rağmen yüksek ağrı skorları kaydedildi. Hiçbir hastada sistemik komplikasyon gelişmedi. Bu çalışma, USG eşliğinde uygulanan RSB tekniğinin buzağılarda güvenli ve etkili bir analjezik yöntem olduğunu göstermiştir. XY ve MI protokolleri uzun süreli ve stabil analjezi sağlarken, BU protokolü kısa süreli cerrahi girişimler için uygun bir seçenek olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bu bulgular, saha koşullarına uygulanabilir pratik ve etkili analjezi protokollerinin belirlenmesi açısından klinik olarak yol göstericidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• analjezi
• buzağı
• göbek fıtığı
• lidokain
• preanestezik
• rektus kılıf bloğu

Evaluation of Different Sedative-Lidocaine Combinations for Ultrasound Guided Rectus Sheath Block During Umbilical Herniorrhaphy in Calves

Öz

This study evaluated the analgesic efficacy of different sedative-lidocaine combinations and the applicability of ultrasonography (USG) guided bilateral rectus sheath block (RSB) for pain control before and after umbilical hernia (hernia umbilicalis) surgery in neonatal calves. Thirty healthy calves, aged between 0 and 3 months, presented to the Harran University Veterinary Faculty Animal Hospital for umbilical hernia and were randomly allocated into five groups. The groups received the following combinations: xylazine–lidocaine (XY), dexmedetomidine–lidocaine (DE), medetomidine–lidocaine (ME), midazolam–lidocaine (MI), and butorphanol–lidocaine (BU). All preanesthetic agents were administered intravenously (IV), followed by subcutaneous lidocaine infiltration and ultrasound (US) guided bilateral RSB. Analgesic efficacy was evaluated using the Bovine Pain Assessment Scale and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 0, 30, 45, 60, 120, and 240 min after the calves stood up. Surgical procedures were completed without complications in all groups, and no statistically significant difference was observed between the operation times (P >0.05). In the XY and MI groups, the analgesic effect was observed to have an early onset and was long lasting and stable. Although analgesia was initially effective in the BU group, it slightly decreased over time. The duration of analgesia was shorter in the ME group. In the DE group, a moderate level of stability was achieved; however, high pain scores were recorded. No systemic complications developed in any of the patients. This study demonstrated that the USG guided RSB technique is a safe and effective analgesic method for calves. XY and MI protocols provide prolonged and stable analgesia, whereas the BU protocol may be considered a suitable option for short-term surgical procedures. These findings are clinically instructive for identifying practical and effective analgesia protocols that are applicable to field conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• calf
• umbilical hernia
• rectus sheath block
• lidocaine
• preanesthetic
• analgesia

Kaynakça

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