Araştırma Makalesi

Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)

Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1 30 Haziran 2026
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Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)

Öz

This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the outcomes of medical and surgical management of predominantly abscess-type lesions in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). The medical treatment protocol consisted of abscess drainage, topical rifamycin sodium solution, systemic enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg), and the use of an Elizabethan collar. Surgical management involved complete extirpation of the uropygial gland and the associated lesion. Between 2020 and 2025, a total of 17 birds presenting to the Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine with clinical signs such as swelling, feather loss, or exudation in the dorsal pygostyle region were included; 10 birds received medical treatment and 7 birds underwent primary surgical treatment. Recurrence or inadequate healing was observed within the first two months in 70% (7/10) of medically treated birds, which subsequently underwent surgical intervention as a second-line treatment. Complete recovery was achieved in 86% (12/14) of birds that underwent the surgical protocol. Two birds died during the surgical procedure. Suture dehiscence was observed in 21.4% (3/14) of surgically treated birds, and all complications were managed conservatively. The success rate in the surgical group was significantly higher than in the medical treatment group (p=0.008). In conclusion, surgical extirpation appears to be a more effective treatment option for uropygial gland lesions in budgerigars, particularly in chronic or recurrent cases. Careful preoperative stabilization and adherence to anaesthetic protocols are crucial to minimise perioperative risks and improve clinical outcomes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

Ondokuz Mayıs University

Etik Beyan

All procedures were approved by the Ondokuz Mayıs University Animal Experiments and Local Ethics Committee (Approval No: 2025-71).

Kaynakça

  1. Asghari Baghkheirati A, Shokrpoor S, Hassanzadeh M, Nezhad JJ, Razmyar J (2023). Papillary cystadenocarcinoma in a budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus). Iran J Vet Med, 17(4):409-414.
  2. Kalmar ID, Janssens GPJ, Moons CPH (2010). Guidelines and ethical considerations for housing and management of psittacine birds used in research. ILAR J, 51(4): 409-423.
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  4. Salibian A, Montalti D (2009). Physiological and biochemical aspects of the avian uropygial gland. Braz J Biol, 69(2): 437-446.
  5. Jacob J, Ziswiler V (1982). The uropygial gland. In: Farner DS, King JR, Parkes KC, (editors). Avian Biology. 6th ed. New York: Academic Press; 1982. pp. 199–324.
  6. Greenberg TB (2006). Avian Dermatology. 2th ed. In: Harrison GJ, Lightfoot TL, (editors). Clinical Avian Medicine. Palm Beach, Florida: Spix Publishing; 2006. pp. 845–860.
  7. Shawkey MD, Pillai SR, Hill GE (2003). Chemical warfare? Effects of uropygial oil on feather‐degrading bacteria. J Avian Biol, 34(4): 345-349.
  8. Rettenmund CL, Newton AL, Calle PP (2015). Uropygial gland squamous cell carcinoma in chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarcticus) and gentoo (Pygoscelis papua) penguins at the Wildlife Conservation Society's Central Park Zoo. J Zoo Wildl Med, 46(1): 113-119.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Veteriner Cerrahi, Veteriner Bilimleri (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Haziran 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

28 Kasım 2025

Kabul Tarihi

5 Şubat 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Nacar, C., İnal, K. S., Ersoy, B. D., Bağatır Kurban, E., & Nisbet, H. Ö. (2026). Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.47027/duvetfd.1832172
AMA
1.Nacar C, İnal KS, Ersoy BD, Bağatır Kurban E, Nisbet HÖ. Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2026;19(1):1-5. doi:10.47027/duvetfd.1832172
Chicago
Nacar, Can, Kamil Serdar İnal, Birsen Deniz Ersoy, Elif Bağatır Kurban, ve Hatice Özlem Nisbet. 2026. “Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)”. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 19 (1): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.47027/duvetfd.1832172.
EndNote
Nacar C, İnal KS, Ersoy BD, Bağatır Kurban E, Nisbet HÖ (01 Haziran 2026) Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 19 1 1–5.
IEEE
[1]C. Nacar, K. S. İnal, B. D. Ersoy, E. Bağatır Kurban, ve H. Ö. Nisbet, “Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)”, Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg, c. 19, sy 1, ss. 1–5, Haz. 2026, doi: 10.47027/duvetfd.1832172.
ISNAD
Nacar, Can - İnal, Kamil Serdar - Ersoy, Birsen Deniz - Bağatır Kurban, Elif - Nisbet, Hatice Özlem. “Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)”. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 19/1 (01 Haziran 2026): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.47027/duvetfd.1832172.
JAMA
1.Nacar C, İnal KS, Ersoy BD, Bağatır Kurban E, Nisbet HÖ. Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2026;19:1–5.
MLA
Nacar, Can, vd. “Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)”. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 19, sy 1, Haziran 2026, ss. 1-5, doi:10.47027/duvetfd.1832172.
Vancouver
1.Can Nacar, Kamil Serdar İnal, Birsen Deniz Ersoy, Elif Bağatır Kurban, Hatice Özlem Nisbet. Retrospective Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Medical versus Surgical Treatment of Uropygial Gland Lesions in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 01 Haziran 2026;19(1):1-5. doi:10.47027/duvetfd.1832172