Investigation of Seroprevalence of Maedi-Visna Infection in some Sheep Flocks in Kars Province, Turkey

Abstract

Maedi-Visna (MV) is a viral disease that has no treatment and vaccination in sheep which causes chronic respiratory problems, nervous disorders, and yield losses. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of MV infection in sheep in Kars province. A total of 200 sheep blood sera taken from 4 local areas (Ortaköy, Boğatepe, Halefoğlu, Borluk) in Kars center were the material of the study. A Commercial ELISA antibody test was used to investigate MV antibodies. At the end of the analysis, 32 of 200 (16%) animals were positive against Maedi-Visna spesific antibodies. At the end of this study, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of breed, location and gender. Only the difference between ages was determined. In conclusion, this study shows that MV disease occurs in sheep in Kars province.

Keywords

• Kars
• Maedi-Visna
• seroprevalence
• sheep

Kars İlindeki Bazı Koyun Sürülerinde Maedi-Visna Enfeksiyonunun Seroprevalansının Araştırılması

Öz

Maedi-Visna (MV) enfeksiyonu koyunlarda kronik seyirli solunum problemlerine, sinirsel bozukluklara ve verim kayıplarına yol açan günümüzde tedavisi ve aşısı olmayan bir viral hastalıktır. Bu araştırmada Kars ilindeki koyunlarda MV enfeksiyonunun seroprevalansının araştırılması amaçlandı. Kars merkezdeki 4 odaktan (Ortaköy, Boğatepe, Halefoğlu, Borluk) alınan toplam 200 adet koyun kan serumu çalışmanın materyalini oluşturdu. Çalışmada MV antikorlarının araştırılması için ticari ELISA antikor testi kullanıldı. Analiz sonucunda 200 hayvanın 32’sinde, MV enfeksiyonuna karşı gelişen spesifik antikor yönünden pozitif olduğu belirlendi. Bu sonuç Kars ilindeki koyunlarda MV’nın oldukça yaygın ve subklinik seyir gösterdiğini ve önemli ekonomik kayıplara yol açabileceğini göstermektedir. Hastalığın progresif olması ve dünya genelinde yaygın olması açısıyla da ayrıca önem arz etmektedir. Bu nedenle bölgemizde ve ülke genelinde geniş tarama çalışmalarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Elde edilen verilerin bilime katkı sağlayacağı kanaatindeyiz. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma MV hastalığının Kars bölgesindeki koyunlarda olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kars
• koyun
• Maedi-Visna
• seroprevalans

Kaynakça

1. Dawson M. (1980). Maedi-Visna. Vet Rec. 106: 212-216.
2. Heinrichs R, Wilkins W, Schroeder G, Campbell J. (2017). Prevalence of Maedi-Visna in Saskatchewan Sheep. Can Vet J. 58: 183-186.
3. Enache DA, Baraitareanu S, Dan M, Gurau MR, Nuţiu C, Sarbu C, Danes D. (2019). Serological Results of MVV and CAEV Antibodies in Samples Collected from Sheep and Goat Flocks of Romania. Internatıonal conference on innovations in science and education march 20-22, Prague, Czech Republic, 717-723.
4. Hananeh W and Barhoom S. (2009). Out break of Maedi-Visna in Sheep and Goats in Palestine. WASJ. 7: 19-23.
5. Blacklaws BA, Berriatua E, Torsteinsdottir S, Watt NJ, de Andres D, Klein D. (2004). Transmission of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses. Vet Microbiol. 101: 199-208.
6. Leginagoikoa I, Daltabuit-Test M, Alvarez V, Arranz J, Juste RA, Amorena B. (2006). Horizontal maedi-visna virus (MVV) infection in adult dairy sheep raised under varying MVV infection pressures in vestigated by ELISA and PCR. Res Vet Sci. 80: 235-241.
7. Reina R, Berriatua E, Lujan L, Juste R, Sanchez A, Andres D. (2009). Prevention Strategies Against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses. Vet J. 182(1): 31-37.
8. Asadpour R, Paktinat S, Ghassemi F, Jafari R. (2014). Study on Correlation of Maedi-Visna Virus (MVV) with Ovine Subclinical Mastitis in Iran. Indian J Microbiol. 54(2): 218-222.

9. Cecchi F, Dadousis C, Bozzi R, Fratini F, Russo C, Bandecchi P, Cantile C, Mazzei M. (2019). Genome Scan for the Possibility of İdentifying Candidate Resistance Genes for Goat Lentiviral İnfections in the Italian Garfagnina Goat Breed. Trop Anim Health Pro. 51: 729-733.
10. Kalogianni AI, Bossis I, Ekateriniadou LV, Gelasakis AI. (2020). Etiology, Epizootiology and Control of Maedi-Visna in Dairy Sheep: a Review. Animals. 10: 616.
11. Gayo E, Polledo L, Balseiro A, Martinez CP, Garcia MJI, Preziuso S, Rossi G, Marin JFG. (2018). Inflammatory Lesion Patterns İn Target Organs Of Visna/Maedi in Sheep and Their Significance in the Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of the İnfection. J. Comp Path. 159: 49-56.
12. Molaee V, Bazzucchi M, Mario De Mia G, Otarod V, Abdollahi D, Rosati S, Lühken G. (2020). Phylogenetic Analysis of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses in Germany and Iran Suggests Their Expansion With Domestic Sheep. Sci Rep. 10: 2243.
13. Peterhans E, Greenland T, Badiola J, Harkiss G, Bertoni G, Amorena B, Eliaszewicz M, Juste R, Krassnig R, Lafont JP, Lenihan P, Petursson G, Pritchard G, Thorley G, Vitu C, Mornex JF, Pepin M. (2004). Routes of Transmission and Consequences of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLVs) Infection and Eradication Schemes. Vet Res. 35: 257-274.
14. Mekibib B, Samuel M, Demisse T, Abie G. (2018). Concurrent İnfection of Maedi-Visna with Lung Worms and Pulmonary Adenomatosis in Sheep Kept in Debre Berhan Sheep Improvement Station, Central Ethiopia. Comp Clin Path. 27: 933-938.
15. Molaee V, Eltanany M, Lühken G. (2018). First Survey on Association of TMEM154 and CCR5 Variants with Serological Maedi-Visna Status of Sheep in German Flocks. Vet Res. 49: 36.
16. Luján L, Péreza M, Andrés D, Reinac R. (2019). Pulmonary lentivirus infection in sheep. Small Ruminant Res. 181: 87-90.
17. Colussi S, Desiato R, Beltramo C, Peletto S, Modesto P, Maniaci MG, Campia V, Quasso A, Rosati S, Bertolotti L, Ru G, Acutis PL. (2019). A Single Nucleotide Variant in the Promoter Province of the CCR5 Gene İncreases Susceptibility to Arthritis Encephalitis Virus in Goats. BMC Vet Res. 15: 229-230.
18. Maclachlan NJ, Dubovi EJ. (2011). Fenner’s Veterinary Virology. 4. Baskı, Elsevier Academic Press, Boston.
19. Arslan S, Savrunlu Z, Vural T, Arslan H, Yüksel M, Şelli MŞ, Badıllı M, Demir R, Aydoğdu M, Çabalar M. (2012). Şanlıurfa İlindeki Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Enfeksiyonunun Varlığı ve Yaygınlığının Araştırılması. 10. Ulusal Veteriner Hekimleri Mikrobiyoloji Kongresi, S.374. 24-27 Eylül. Kuşadası, Aydın-Türkiye.
20. Minardi da Cruz JC, Singh DK, Lamara A, Chebloune Y. (2013). Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVS) break the species barrier to acquirene who strange. Viruses. 5: 1867-1884.
21. Lacastaa DJM, Navarroa GT, Sauraa F, Acína C, Vasileiou NGC. (2019). Significance of Respiratory Diseases in the Health Management of Sheep. Small Ruminant Res. 181: 99-102.
22. Olech M, Murawski M, Kuźmak J. (2019). Molecular Analysis of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses in Polish Flocks Reveals the Existence of a Novel Subtype in Sheep. Arch Virol. 164: 1193-1198.
23. Christodoulopoulos G. (2006). Maedi–Visna, Clinical Review and Short Reference on the Disease Status in Mediterranean Countries. Small Rum Res. 62: 47-53.
24. Straub OC. (2004). Maedi–Visna Virus İnfection in Sheep, History and Present Know Ledge. Comp Immunol Microb. 27: 1-5.
25. Gayo E, Polledo L, Preziuso S, Rossi G, Balseiro A, Martínez PC, Iglesiasa MJG, Marína JFG. (2017). Serological ELISA Results are Conditioned by İndividual İmmune Response in Ovine Maedi Visna. Small Rumin Res. 57: 27-31.
26. Aslan Ö. (2016). Maedi-Visna Virus İnfection in Sheep. Türkiye Klinikleri J Vet Sci Intern Med-Special Topics. 2: 37-42.
27. Ün H, Özgünlük İ, Çabalar M. (2018). Serologically Investigation of Maedi-Visna Virus Infection (MVV) in Şanlıurfa Precincts. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 7(2): 144-148.
28. Kita J, Cutlip RC, Kempski W, Sacks J. (2020). Survey for Antibodies Against Maedi-Visna in Sheep in Poland. Pol Arch Weter. 30: 5-11.
29. Giangaspero M, Tabbaa D, Nishikawa H, Vanopdenbosh E. (1993). Epidemiological Survey of the Maedi-Visna MV Virus in Syrian Awassi Sheep. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 463: 431-434.
30. Sihvonen L, Nuotio L, Rikula U, Hirvela-Koski V, Kokkonen UM. (2000). Preventing the Spread of Maedi-Visna in Sheep through a Voluntary Control Programme in Finland. Prev Vet Med. 47: 213-220.
31. Alibaşoğlu M, Arda M. (1975). Koyun Pulmoner Adenomatosis’inin Türkiye’de Durumu ile Patolojisi ve Etiyolojik Araştırılması. TÜBITAK-VHAG yayınları. 273/4:111.
32. Çimtay İ, Keskin O, Şahin T. (2004). Investigation of some Lentivirus İnfections in Sheep and Goats from Sanliurfa Province. Uludağ Univ J Fac Vet Med. 23: 33-38.
33. Simard C, Morley RS. (1991). Seroprevalence of Maedi Visna in Canadian Sheep. Can J Vet Res. 55: 269-273.
34. Burgu İ, Toker A, Akçan Y, Alkan F, Yazıcı Z, Özkul A. (1990). Türkiye’de Visna-Maedi Enfeksiyonunun Serolojik Olarak Araştırılması. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 373: 538-553.
35. Yavru S, Şimşek A, Bulut O, Kale M. (2012). Serological Investigation of Maedi-Visna Virus Infection in Sheep in Konya Province. Eurasian J Vet Sci. 28(3): 142- 148.