Center of Pressures (COP) Analysis Using Gait Analysis Systems in Belgian Malinois Dogs: A Pilot Study

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 44 - 47, 30.06.2020

Ziynet Dila Ateşpare Ozan Gündemir Yonca Zenginler Dilek Olgun Erdikmen İsmail Demircioğlu

Öz

The aim of the study was to determine parameters related to the gait butterfly diagram in Belgian Malinois dogs. The center of pressure (COP) analysis was performed on clinically healthy Belgian Malinois dogs using pressure-sensing walkway. An average of 30 steps were taken by each dog. Gait analyses were carried out without using leash. The butterfly diagram created by pressure center during gait was obtained separately for each dog. Data such as anterior-posterior position, lateral symmetry, length gait ve Max gait line were recorded in mm using the butterfly diagrams. The average anterior-posterior position value was 60,01 mm and the average lateral symmetry value was 17,48 mm. The Max gait line average was calculated to be 52.23 mm. The objective of this study was to identify reference values for center of pressure analysis conducted on dogs using pressure-sensing walkway. The fact that it was possible to collect butterfly diagram results for dogs and that the values were similar within this study that made use of dogs of the same breed suggest that COP analyses can also be applied to dogs. It is thought that such systems will play an important role in fields of veterinary anatomy, orthopedics and neurology and the number of such studies will increase.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Butterfly diagram, COP analysis, Gait analysis

Belçika Malinois Köpeklerinde Yürüme Analizi Sistemleri Kullanılarak Basınç Merkezi (COP) Analizi: Pilot Çalışma

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı, Belçika Malinois köpeklerinde kelebek diyagramı kullanarak yürüyüş ile ilgili parametreleri elde etmektir. Klinik olarak sağlıklı Belçika Malinois köpeklerinde, basınca duyarla yürüme plağı kullanılarak basınç merkezi analizi (COP) yapılmıştır. Her bir köpek platformda ortalama 30 adım yürütüldü. Yürüyüş analizleri tasma kullanılmadan yapıldı. Yürüyüş sırasında basınç merkezi tarafından oluşturulan kelebek diyagramı her köpek için ayrı ayrı elde edildi. Önden arkaya poziyon değişimi, yanal simetri farkı, adım sırasında merkezi basınç değişimi ve merkezi basınç değişim çizgisinin uzunluğunun tamamı gibi veriler kelebek diyagram yöntemi kullanılarak milimetre cinsinden kaydedildi. Ortalama önden arkaya poziyon değişim değeri 60,01 mm olarak ve ortalama yanal simetri farkının değeri ise 17,48 mm olarak kaydedildi. Merkezi basınç değişim çizgisi ortalama 52,23 mm olarak hesaplandı. Bu çalışmada basınca duyarlı yürüme plağını köpeklerde kullanarak, basınç merkezi değerlerinin referans verileri belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Aynı cins köpeklerden yararlanan bu çalışmada köpekler için kelebek diyagramı sonuçlarının elde edilebilmesi ve değerlerin benzer olması, basınç merkezi analizlerinin (COP) köpeklerde de kullanılabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu sistemlerin veteriner alanlarından anatomi, ortopedi ve nöroloji gibi bölümlerde önemli bir rol oynayacağı ve bu çalışmaların sayısının artacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COP analizi, Kelebek diagram, Yürüme analizi

Kaynakça

• Erişim: https://dogtime.com/dog-breeds/belgian-malinois. Erişim tarihi: 15.04.2020
• Erişim: https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/belgian-malinois. Erişim tarihi: 15.04.2020
• Gündemir O, Erdikmen-Olgun D, Ateşpare, ZD, Avanus K. (2019). Examining stance phases with the help of infrared optical sensors in horses. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 43 (5): 636-641.
• Fahie MA, Cortez JC, Ledesma M, Su Y. (2018). Pressure mat analysis of walk and trot gait characteristics in 66 normal small, medium, large, and giant breed dogs. Frontiers in veterinary science. 5: 256.
• Schwarz N, Tichy A, Peham C, Bockstahler B. (2017). Vertical force distribution in the paws of sound Labrador retrievers during walking. The Veterinary Journal. 221: 16-22.
• Fjeldstad C, Pardo G. (2017). Immediate effect of a service dog on walking speed in individuals with multiple sclerosis and gait dysfunction: a pilot study. International journal of MS care. 19 (1): 40-41.
• Ferreira MP, Ferrigno CR, de Souza AN, Caquias DF, de Figueiredo AV. (2016). Short-term comparison of tibial tuberosity advancement and tibial plateau levelling osteotomy in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease using kinetic analysis. Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. 29 (03): 209-213.
• Goetschius J, Feger MA, Hertel J, Hart JM. (2018). Validating center-of-pressure balance measurements using the MatScan® pressure mat. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 27 (1): doi:10.1123/jsr.2017-0152.
• Hong SW, Leu TH, Wang TM, Li JD, Ho WP, Lu TW. (2015). Control of body's center of mass motion relative to center of pressure during uphill walking in the elderly. Gait & posture. 42 (4): 523-528.
• Hobbs SJ, Clayton HM. (2013). Sagittal plane ground reaction forces, centre of pressure and centre of mass in trotting horses. The Veterinary Journal. 198: 14-19.
• Vassalo FG, Rahal SC, Agostinho FS, et all. (2015). Gait analysis in dogs with pelvic fractures treated conservatively using a pressure-sensing walkway. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 57 (1): 68.
• Lewis MJ, Williams KD, Langley T, Jarvis LM, Sawicki G, Olby N. (2019). Development of a novel gait analysis tool measuring center of pressure for evaluation of canine chronic thoracolumbar spinal cord injury. Journal of neurotrauma. 36 (21): 3018-3025.
• Kalron, A, Frid L. (2015). The “butterfly diagram”: a gait marker for neurological and cerebellar impairment in people with multiple sclerosis. Journal of the neurological sciences. 358 (1-2): 92-100.
• Yoo SD, Kim HS, Lee JH, et all. (2017). Biomechanical Parameters in Plantar Fasciitis Measured by Gait Analysis System with Pressure Sensor. Annals of rehabilitation medicine. 41 (6): 979.
• Besancon MF, Conzemius MG, Evans RB, Ritter MJ. (2004). Distribution of vertical forces in the pads of greyhounds and labrador retrievers during walking. Am J Vet Res. 65 (11): 1479-1501.
• Souza ANA, Tatarunas AC, Matera JM. (2014). Evaluation of vertical forces in the pads of Pitbulls with cranial cruciate ligament rupture. BMC veterinary research. 10 (1): 51.
• Souza ANA, Pinto ACBCF, Marvulle V, Matera JM. (2013). Evaluation of vertical forces in the pads of German Shepherd dogs. Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. 26 (01): 06-11.
• Keebaugh AE, Redman-Bentley D, Griffon DJ. (2015). Influence of leash side and handlers on pressure mat analysis of gait characteristics in small-breed dogs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 246 (11): 1215-1221.
• Peham C, Limbeck S, Galla K, Bockstahler B. (2013). Pressure distribution under three different types of harnesses used for guide dogs. The Veterinary Journal. 198: 93-98.
• Kalron A, Frid L. (2015). The “butterfly diagram”: a gait marker for neurological and cerebellar impairment in people with multiple sclerosis. Journal of the neurological sciences. 358 (1-2): 92-100.
• Braun L, Tichy A, Peham C, Bockstahler B. (2019). Comparison of vertical force redistribution in the pads of dogs with elbow osteoarthritis and healthy dogs. The Veterinary Journal. 250: 79-85.