Okul Kütüphanelerinin Öğrenme Kuramları Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi: Bir Model Önerisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 85-86, 5 - 44, 16.10.2025

Güler Demir

Öz

Bu çalışmada, okul kütüphanelerinin öğrencilerin eğitsel, bilişsel ve sosyal gelişimini desteklemesi ve öğrenci merkezli okuryazarlık ve araştırmayı teşvik etmesi bağlamında çeşitli öğrenme kuramlarının önemi ve etkileri araştırılmaktadır. Bunun için, öncelikle, davranışçı, bilişsel, yapısalcı, insancıl, bağlantısal ve sosyokültürel öğrenme kuramları ana hatları ile irdelenmiş, daha sonra her birinin okul kütüphaneleri ile ilişkilendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Bu kuramların sağladığı içgörüler temel alınarak okul kütüphanelerinin öğrenci öğrenmelerine destek bağlamında etkinliği ve verimliliğini sağlayacak bir model önerisi geliştirilmiştir. Esnek, katılımcı ve sosyal olarak ilgi çekici kütüphane ortamlarına vurgu yapan kapsamlı bir model olan Öğrenci Merkezli Etkileşimli Öğrenme Modeli'nin, öğrenci motivasyonunu, eleştirel düşünmeyi ve etkili kaynak kullanımını geliştirmesi hedeflenmektedir. Literatürden yararlanılarak nitel betimleme yöntemi ile hazırlanan çalışmanın bulguları, öğrenme kuramlarını dikkate alan ve bu kuramlar konusunda farkındalığı olan kütüphanecilerle desteklenen okul kütüphanelerinin, öğrencilerin bilişsel ve sosyal gereksinimlerine yanıt olduğunu, nihayetinde öğrenci başarısını ve yaşam boyu öğrenme yeterliliklerini artırarak okul kütüphanelerini aktif öğrenme ekosistemlerine dönüştürdüğünü göstermektedir. Kütüphaneciler, önerilen modeli desteklemede, dolayısıyla öğrenci başarısını ve yaşam boyu öğrenme yeterliliklerini artırmada ve okul kütüphanelerini aktif öğrenme ekosistemlerine dönüştürmede önemli bir rol oynarlar. Ulusal literatürde öğrenme kuramları ile okul kütüphanelerini ilişkilendiren bir çalışmaya rastlanmaması, uluslararası literatürde ise kuramları sentezleyerek bir model öneren ve konuyu bu kapsamda ele alan araştırmaların eksikliği, bu çalışmayı özgün duruma getirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Okul kütüphanesi , öğrenme kuramları , öğrenci merkezli öğrenme , üstbiliş , pedagoji , bilgi okuryazarlığı

Kaynakça

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