Kuşatma Koşullarında Sürdürülebilirliği Yeniden Düşünmek: Gazze’de Çevresel Pratiklerin Sosyo-Politik Dönüşümü

Öz

Amaç – Bu çalışma, akademik ve politika tartışmalarında çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin çoğunlukla çatışma sonrası yeniden inşa, teknolojik ilerleme ve kurumsal müdahaleler yoluyla sağlandığı yönündeki yaygın varsayımı sorgulamayı amaçlamaktadır. Gazze Şeridi örneğine odaklanan araştırma, uzun süreli abluka ve işgal koşulları altında ortaya çıkan çevresel sürdürülebilirlik pratiklerini incelemektedir. Çalışma, Gazze’de sürdürülebilirliğin planlı çevre politikalarından ziyade zorunluluk temelli bir pratik olarak geliştiğini ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir. Tasarım/veri/metodoloji – Araştırma nitel bir araştırma tasarımına dayanmaktadır. 2010–2025 dönemine ait uluslararası kuruluş raporları, teknik veriler ve akademik literatür doküman analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Analiz sürecinde “kuşatma politik ekolojisi” yaklaşımı kuramsal çerçeve olarak kullanılmış ve Gazze’deki çevresel pratikler bu perspektif doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular – Bulgular, Gazze’deki çevresel pratiklerin çevresel farkındalık veya kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik politikalarından ziyade zorunlu kıtlık koşulları, altyapı yıkımı ve politik şiddet gibi yapısal baskılar altında ortaya çıktığını göstermektedir. Malzeme yeniden kullanımı, su yönetimi ve alternatif enerji çözümleri gibi uygulamalar gündelik yaşamın sürdürülmesini sağlayan direnç ve uyum pratikleri olarak işlev görmektedir. Ancak bu pratikler kısa vadede çevresel ve kentsel çöküşü yavaşlatsa da krizin yapısal nedenlerini ortadan kaldırmamaktadır. Özgünlük/değer – Çalışma, sürdürülebilirliği gönüllü bir çevre stratejisi yerine “zorunluluk sürdürülebilirliği” kavramı üzerinden ele alarak literatüre kavramsal katkı sunmaktadır. Bu yaklaşım sürdürülebilirliği politik bağlamı içinde yeniden düşünmeyi mümkün kılmakta ve depolitize edilmiş sürdürülebilirlik söylemleri ile yeşil sömürgecilik riskine dikkat çekmektedir. Bu yönüyle araştırma, politik ekoloji ve eleştirel kent çalışmaları literatürüne katkı sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Politik ekoloji
• zorunluluk temelli sürdürülebilirlik
• kuşatma ekonomisi
• Gazze Şeridi

Rethinking Sustainability Under Siege: The Socio-Political Transformation of Environmental Practices in Gaza

Öz

Purpose – This study questions the common assumption in academic and policy debates that environmental sustainability is mainly achieved through post-conflict reconstruction, technological progress, and institutional interventions. Focusing on the Gaza Strip, it examines how environmental sustainability practices emerge under prolonged blockade and occupation. The study aims to demonstrate that sustainability in Gaza develops as a necessity-driven practice rather than a planned environmental strategy. Design/data/methodology – The research adopts a qualitative design based on document analysis. International reports, technical data, and academic literature published between 2010 and 2025 were systematically reviewed. The analysis is guided by the political ecology of siege framework, which allows environmental practices to be interpreted within broader political, economic, and infrastructural constraints. Findings – The findings show that environmental practices in Gaza arise not primarily from environmental awareness or formal sustainability policies, but from structural pressures such as enforced scarcity, infrastructural destruction, and political violence. Practices including material reuse, adaptive water management, and alternative energy solutions function as forms of everyday resilience that sustain daily life and community continuity. However, while these practices help mitigate immediate environmental and urban collapse, they do not resolve the structural conditions that produce these challenges. Originality/value – The article introduces the concept of “sustainability of necessity,” emphasizing sustainability as a survival strategy shaped by conflict conditions. By politicizing sustainability, the study contributes to political ecology and critical urban studies while drawing attention to the risk of depoliticized sustainability agendas and green colonialism.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Political ecology
• sustainability of necessity
• siege economy
• Gaza Strip

Kaynakça

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