Elektromanyetik Kirliliğin İnsan Sağlığı Üzerine Etkileri: Güncel Bulgular, Bilimsel Kanıtlar ve Sağlık Politikalarına Yansımalar

Öz

Amaç: Elektromanyetik kirlilik (EMK), teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte önemli bir çevresel sağlık sorunu olarak gündeme gelmiştir. Mobil telefonlar, Wi-Fi ağları ve baz istasyonları gibi cihazların yaydığı elektromanyetik alanlara (EMA) maruziyetin insan sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri, son yıllarda yoğun bir şekilde araştırılmaktadır. Bu derleme, iyonlaştırıcı olmayan EMA’nın sağlık üzerindeki etkilerini güncel bilimsel kanıtlar ışığında değerlendirmektedir. Yöntem: Nörolojik etkiler, uyku bozuklukları, baş ağrısı, stres, dikkat sorunları gibi etkiler ile üreme sağlığı, çocuk gelişimi ve kanser riski üzerindeki olası etkiler ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) ve Uluslararası İyonlaştırıcı Olmayan Radyasyondan Korunma Komisyonu (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection(ICNIRP) gibi uluslararası kurumların önerileri ile Türkiye'deki mevcut sağlık politikaları karşılaştırmalı olarak sunulmuştur. Sonuçlar: Mevcut bilimsel veriler, elektromanyetik kirliliğin sağlık üzerindeki etkileri konusunda kesin bir yargıya varmak için yetersizdir. Tartışma: EMK için ihtiyatlı yaklaşım ve koruyuc

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elektromanyetik alan
• elektromanyetik kirlilik
• insan sağlığı
• iyonlaştırıcı olmayan radyasyon
• sağlık politikaları.

Effects Of Electromagnetic Pollution On Human Health: Current Findings, Scientific Evidence And Reflections On Health Policies

Abstract

Objective: Electromagnetic pollution (EMP) has become an important environmental health problem with the increase in technological developments. The effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted by devices such as mobile phones, Wi-Fi networks and base stations on human health have been intensively investigated in recent years. This review evaluates the effects of non-ionizing EMF on health in the light of current scientific evidence. Method: Effects such as neurological effects, sleep disorders, headache, stress, attention problems, and possible effects on reproductive health, child development and cancer risk are discussed. In addition, recommendations from international institutions such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and current health policies in Türkiye are presented comparatively. Conclusions: Current scientific data are insufficient to reach a definitive conclusion about the effects of electromagnetic pollution on health. Discussion: The importance of a cautious approach and protective policies for EMF should be considered in determining health policies.

Keywords

• Electromagnetic pollution
• electromagnetic field
• health policies
• human health
• non-ionizing radiation

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