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Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye

Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2 23 Ekim 2026
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Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye

Öz

This study aims to analyze the perspectives, attitudes, and behaviors of agricultural producers toward child labor within the agricultural sector, drawing upon existing literature to inform policymakers and researchers working in this field. While child labor and child exploitation are universally condemned on legal and ethical grounds, both globally and in Turkiye, they continue to pose significant and persistent challenges. Despite national and international policies designed to prevent child labor, along with interventions targeting economic and socio-cultural factors, the problem remains widespread. According to OECD data, at least 6.5 million children in Turkiye live in conditions of severe poverty, which heightens their vulnerability to dropping out of education and entering the labor force. This is reflected in reports that one in four children attends school hungry and one in five suffers from inadequate nutrition. Child labor has increasingly become a means of compensating for household income shortfalls. Official statistics indicate the presence of 1,372,000 child workers in Turkiye. Data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) further reveal that the labor force participation rate among children aged 15-17 rose from 18.7% in 2022 to 22.1% in 2023, reaching 24.9% in 2024. Correspondingly, it is estimated that approximately 970,000 children are currently engaged in work. These figures underscore the persistent and serious nature of child labor as a social issue in Turkiye. The behavior of agricultural producers represents a critical dimension of this dynamic. In labor-intensive and seasonal agricultural activities, the tendency to minimize labor costs can lead to a reliance on child labor. Furthermore, producers’ awareness levels, access to information, and compliance with relevant legislation significantly influence the perpetuation of this practice. This study seeks to examine the prevalence of child labor and associated exploitation in Turkiye’s agricultural sector, addressing both the structural causes and the consequences for children’s physical, psychological, and educational development. It also explores ways to strengthen preventive mechanisms. The findings are intended to contribute to the formulation of holistic policy recommendations aimed at eradicating child labor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Abdullah, A., Huynh, I., Emery, C. R., & Jordan, L. P. (2022). Social norms and family child labor: a systematic literature review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(7), 4082.
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  3. Ağyar, E., & Atış, M. (2022). Mevsimlik tarım işçiliğinde çocukların maruz kaldığı riskler ve hak ihlalleri. Türk Kamu Yönetimi Dergisi, 3(2).
  4. Ahad, M. A., Parry, Y., & Willis, E. (2020). Spillover trends of child labor during the coronavirus crisis- an unnoticed wake-up call. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 488. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00488
  5. Ahad, M. A., Parry, Y. K., Willis, E., & Ullah, S. (2025). Child maltreatment and psycho-social impairments among child laborers in rural Bangladesh. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 60(3), 763-770.
  6. Akça, R. P., & Arslan, R. (2022). Göç ve Mevsimlik Tarımda Çocuk İşçiliği. Social and Education, 97.
  7. Akçaöz, H., Özkan, B., & Kızılay, H. (2005). Tarımsal Üretimde Çiftçilerin Tutum ve Davranışları: Çiftçilik Amaçları Ölçeği (FOS). Anadolu Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2), 104-125.
  8. Aydın, İ. (2018). Türkiye’de Çocuk İstismari ve Çocuk İşçiliği. İş ve Hayat, 4(7), 65-81.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Tarım İşletmeciliği

Bölüm

Derleme

Yayımlanma Tarihi

23 Ekim 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

20 Mayıs 2026

Kabul Tarihi

29 Ağustos 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Bükel, F., & Özdemir, H. Ö. (2026). Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye. Eurasian Journal Of Agricultural Economics (EJAE), 6(2), 91-106. https://izlik.org/JA54BT35BT
AMA
1.Bükel F, Özdemir HÖ. Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye. Eurasian Journal Of Agricultural Economics (EJAE). 2026;6(2):91-106. https://izlik.org/JA54BT35BT
Chicago
Bükel, Feriha, ve Halil Özcan Özdemir. 2026. “Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye”. Eurasian Journal Of Agricultural Economics (EJAE) 6 (2): 91-106. https://izlik.org/JA54BT35BT.
EndNote
Bükel F, Özdemir HÖ (01 Ekim 2026) Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye. Eurasian Journal Of Agricultural Economics (EJAE) 6 2 91–106.
IEEE
[1]F. Bükel ve H. Ö. Özdemir, “Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye”, Eurasian Journal Of Agricultural Economics (EJAE), c. 6, sy 2, ss. 91–106, Eki. 2026, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA54BT35BT
ISNAD
Bükel, Feriha - Özdemir, Halil Özcan. “Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye”. Eurasian Journal Of Agricultural Economics (EJAE) 6/2 (01 Ekim 2026): 91-106. https://izlik.org/JA54BT35BT.
JAMA
1.Bükel F, Özdemir HÖ. Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye. Eurasian Journal Of Agricultural Economics (EJAE). 2026;6:91–106.
MLA
Bükel, Feriha, ve Halil Özcan Özdemir. “Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye”. Eurasian Journal Of Agricultural Economics (EJAE), c. 6, sy 2, Ekim 2026, ss. 91-106, https://izlik.org/JA54BT35BT.
Vancouver
1.Feriha Bükel, Halil Özcan Özdemir. Child Labor in Agriculture: Understanding Producer Behavior and Hidden Forms of Child Exploitation in Turkiye. Eurasian Journal Of Agricultural Economics (EJAE) [Internet]. 01 Ekim 2026;6(2):91-106. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA54BT35BT