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Sustainability Agenda in Urban Planning an Essay on Conceptualization

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 7 - 17, 15.09.2016

Öz

            Mainstream literature on the sustainable urban development over the past three decades has tended to stress the concept of sustainability and its conceptualization from various perspectives in urban planning literature. Sustainability in this study is intensely debated through its ecologic, spatial, social, economic and institutional aspects in the context of urban planning. In this respect, this study is concerned with the conceptual relationship between sustainable development and urban planning. Here, the key concepts as depending on sustainable development are defined urbanization, urban planning, and urban conservation–regeneration. This popular conceptualization also enriches the theoretical scope of urban planning. In that respect, this study is a preliminary effort to create a common language on sustainable urban planning.

             Keywords: Urban Planning, Urban Model, Urban Conservation–Regeneration, Urbanization, Sustainability.

Kaynakça

  • Kaynaklar
  • Aguirre, B. E., 2002. Sustainable development as collective surge. Social Science Quarterly. 83 (1): 101–118.
  • Albrechts, L., 2006. Bridge the gap: from spatial planning to strategic projects. European Planning Studies. 14 (10): 1487–1500.
  • Allaby, M., 1985. Sustainability, Macmillan Dictionary of the Environment. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Allen, A. and You, N., 2002. Sustainable urbanisation: bridging the green and brown agendas, UCL Development Planning Unit in collaboration with DFID and UN–Habitat, London.
  • Allen, A., 2009. Sustainable cities or sustainable urbanisation? UCL’s Journal of Sustainable Cities. University College London Urban Laboratory, London.
  • Alshuwaikhat, H. M. and Nkwenti, D.I., 2002. Visualizing decision making: perspectives on collaborative and participative approach to sustainable urban planning and management. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design. 29 (4): 513–531.
  • Anonim, 2012. Kent planlama ansiklopedik sözlük (derleyen: Melih Ersoy), Ninova Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Aristoteles, 1993. Politika. Remzi Yayınevi, İstanbul.
  • Ashworth, G.J. and Tunbridge, J.E., 2000. The tourist–historic city: retrospect and prospect of managing the heritage city. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
  • Bademli, R.R., 1992. Kent planlamasında yeni gündem: kentsel proje vurgulu eylemli planlama. Kent Kooperatifçiliği Altıncı Teknik Semineri. Ankara, 60–69.
  • Barbosa, J.A., Bragança, L. and Mateus, R., 2014. New approach addressing sustainability in urban areas using sustainable city models. International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development. 5 (4): 297–305.
  • Bayram, F., 2001. Sürdürülebilirlik kentsel gelişme: araçlar, yaklaşımlar ve Türkiye. Cevat Geray’a Armağan. Mülkiyeliler Birliği Yayınları, Ankara, 251–264.
  • Beatley, T., 2000. Green urbanism: learning from European cities. Island Press, Washington.
  • Berger, M., 2014. The unsustainable city. Sustainability. 6 (1): 365–374.
  • Bilsel, S. G., 1987. Öncelikli alan planlaması. Basılmamış Doktora Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Blowers, A. and Pain, K., 2000. The unsustainable cities. In: Understanding Cities; Unruluy Cities. S. Pile, C. Brook, G. Mooney (Eds.), Routledge Press, New York, 247–298.
  • Blowers, A., 1992. Sustainable urban development: the political prospects, In: Sustainable development and urban form. M. Breheny (ed.), Pion Limited Press, London, 24–38.
  • Bonnette, M., 2001. Strategies for sustainable urban preservation, In: Historic cities and sacred sites: cultural roots for urban future. JM–Brown, E. Shluger, I. Serageldin (Eds.), World Bank Publication, Washington DC, 131–137.
  • Botkin, D. B. and Beveridge, C. E., 1997. Cities as environments. Urban Ecosystem. 1 (3): 3–19.
  • Breheny, M.J., 1992. Sustainable development and urban form: An introduction. In: Sustainable Development and Urban Form. MJ. Breheny (Ed), Pion Limited Press, London, 1–23.
  • Brett–Crowther, M., 2011. The green city: ideal and necessity. International Journal of Environmental Studies. 68 (5): 737–749.
  • Bueren, E. M. van, Bougrain, F. and Knorr–Siedow, T., 2002. Sustainable neighbourhood rehabilitation in Europe: from simple toolbox to multilateral learning. In: The Theory and Practice of Institutional Transplantation. Experiences with the Transfer of Policy Institutions, WM. De Jong, K. Lalenis ve VD. Mamadouh (Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, 263–279.
  • Burgess, R., 2000. The compact city debate: A global perspective. In: Compact Cities: Sustainable Urban Forms for Developing Countries. R. Burgess ve M. Jenks (Eds.), Spon Press, New York, 9–24.
  • Burton, E., 2000. The Compact city: just or just compact? A preliminary analysis. Urban Studies. 37 (11): 1969–2001.
  • Campbell, S., 1996. Green cities, growing cities, just cities? Urban planning and the contradictions of sustainable development. American Planning Association. Journal of the American Planning Association. 62 (3): 296–312.
  • Carmona, M., 2001. Sustainable urban design: A possible agenda. In: Planning for a Sustainable Future. S. Batty, A. Layard, S. Davoudi (Eds.), Spon Press, New York, 165–192.
  • CEC (Commission of the European Communities), 1999. Sustainable urban development in the European Union: A framework for action. Commission of the European Communities, Bruxelles.
  • CEMAT (European Conference of Ministers responsible for Regional Planning), 2000. Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent. 12th Session of the European Conference of Ministers responsible for Regional Planning (7–8 Eylül 2000). Council of Europe, Hannover.
  • CEU (Council of Europe), 2009. Manifesto for a New Urbanity European: Urban Charter II. Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg.
  • Choguill, C. L., 2008. Developing sustainable neighbourhoods. Habitat International. 32: 41–48.
  • Cohen, B., 2006. Urbanization in developing countries: current trends, future projections, and key challenges for sustainability. Technology in Society. 28, 63–80.
  • Cristian, D., 2014. Culture, sustainable urban development and urban regeneration. Revista Economică. 66 (6): 23–38.
  • Çubuk, M., 1994. Kentsel gelişmenin yönlenmesinde kentsel tasarım ve yeni denge araçları, 4. Kentsel Tasarım ve Uygulamaları Sempozyumu (26–27 Mayıs 1993). Mimar Sinan Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul, XXIII–XXVIII.
  • Delafons, J., 1997. Sustainable conservation, politics and preservation; a policy history of the built heritage (1882–1996). Spon Press, London.
  • Dentinho, T.P., 2011. Unsustainable cities; A tragedy of urban infrastructure. Regional Science Policy and Practice. 3 (3): 231–247.
  • Diepen, A.V. and Voogd, H., 2001. Sustainability and planning: Does urban form matter? International Journal of Sustainable Development. 4 (1): 59–74.
  • Drakakis–Smith, D., 1995. Third world cities; sustainable development 1. Urban Studies. 32 (4–5): 659–677.
  • Drost, A., 1996. Developing sustainable tourism for world heritage sites. Annals of Tourism Research. 23 (2): 479–484.
  • Engel–Yan, J, Kennedy, C, Saiz, S. ve Pressnail, K., 2005. Towards sustainable neighbourhood: the need to consider infrastructure interaction. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. 32 (1): 45–57.
  • EUC (Eupean Commission), 2007. Leipzig Charter; Integrated urban development and sustainable European cities. European Union, Leipzig.
  • Fawcett–Thompson, M., 1996. The urbanist revision of development. Urban Design International. 1 (4): 301–322.
  • Finco, A. and Nijkamp, P., 2001. Pathways to urban sustainability. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. 3 (4): 289–302.
  • Fistola, R., 2011. The unsustainable city: urban entropy and social capital: the needing of a new urban planning. Procedia Engineering. 21, 976–984.
  • Focht, W., 2008. Governance for sustainability. Environmetnal Politics. 17 (1): 131–137.
  • Frey, H., 1999. Designing the city: towards a more sustainable urban form. E and FN Spon Press, New York.
  • Geenhuisan, MV. and Nijkamp, P., 1994. Sürdürülebilir kenti nasıl planlamalı? Toplum ve Bilim Dergisi. 64–65: 129–140.
  • Grewcock, D., 2006. Museums of cities and urban futures: new approaches to urban planning and the opportunities for museums of cities. Museum International. 58 (3): 32–42.
  • Hall, A. C., 2000. A new paradigm for local development plans. Urban Design International. 5 (2): 123–140.
  • Haughton, G. and Hunter, C., 1994. Sustainable cities. Jessica Kingsley Press, London.
  • Haughton, G., 1997. Developing sustainable urban development models. Cities. 14 (4): 189–195.
  • Hopwood, B. ve Mellor, M., 2007. Visioning the sustainable city. Capitalism Nature Socialism. 18 (4): 75–89.
  • Hourihan, K., 2000. Urban planning in the twentieth century. Urban History. 27 (3): 384–396.
  • Hudson, A. and Evans, T., 2005. Regeneration and sustainability: the new language of planning. Urban Design International. 10: 87–94.
  • ICLEI (International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives), 1994. Aalborg Charter. European Conference on Sustainable Cities and Towns, (24–27 Mayıs 1994), Aalborg.
  • İspir, E. G., 1991. Şehirleşme ve meseleleri. Gazi Büro Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Jabareen, Y. R., 2006. Sustainable urban forms, their typologies, models, and concepts. Journal of Planning Education and Research. 26: 38–52.
  • Jim, C. Y., 2004. Green–space preservation and allocation for sustainable greening of compact cities. Cities. 21(4): 311–320.
  • Jones, P. and Evans, J., 2008. Urban regeneration in the UK. Sage Publications Limited, London.
  • Keleş, R. and Hamamcı, C., 1993. Çevrebilim. İmge Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Keleş, R., 1998. Kentbilim terimleri sözlüğü. İmge Yayınları, İstanbul
  • Keleş, R., 2002. Sustainable development, international cooperation and local authorities. Ekistics. 69 (415–416–417): 333–336.
  • Keleş, R., 2015. Kentleşme politikası, İmge Yayınları, Ankara.
  • KENTGES (Kentsel Gelişme Stratejisi) 2010. Bütünleşik Kentsel Gelişme Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2010–2023). T.C. Bayındırlık ve İskân Bakanlığı Yayınları, Ankara.
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Kent Planlamada Sürdürülebilirlik Gündemi: Bir Kavramsallaştırma Denemesi

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 7 - 17, 15.09.2016

Öz

            Sürdürülebilir kentsel gelişme gündeminin ana temasının, son otuz yıldır sürdürülebilirlik olgusu ile kent planlama disiplininin farklı bakış açıları eşliğinde kavramsallaştırılması üzerine yöneldiğini söylemek mümkündür. Bu araştırma; sürdürülebilirlik olgusunu, çevresel, mekânsal, sosyal, ekonomik ve kurumsal özellikleri eşliğinde kentsel planlama bağlamında ele alarak, kavramsal bir tartışma açmaktadır. Bu noktada temel konu; sürdürülebilir kentsel gelişme ile kentsel planlama arasındaki ilişkilerin kavramsallaştırılması olarak ifade edilebilir. Dolayısıyla, araştırmada sürdürülebilirlik ilkesi temelinde kentleşme, kent planlama, kent modeli ve koruma–yenileme gibi anahtar kavramların kapsam ve içeriğinin tanımlanması hedeflenmektedir. Bu araştırmanın mesleki ortak dil oluşturulmasına yönelik bir kavramsallaştırma denemesi olarak kentsel planlama pratiğine kuramsal bağlamda katkı koyacağı düşünülmektedir.

             Anahtar kelimeler: Kent Planlama, Kent Modeli, Kentsel Koruma–Yenileme, Kentleşme, Sürdürülebilirlik.

Kaynakça

  • Kaynaklar
  • Aguirre, B. E., 2002. Sustainable development as collective surge. Social Science Quarterly. 83 (1): 101–118.
  • Albrechts, L., 2006. Bridge the gap: from spatial planning to strategic projects. European Planning Studies. 14 (10): 1487–1500.
  • Allaby, M., 1985. Sustainability, Macmillan Dictionary of the Environment. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Allen, A. and You, N., 2002. Sustainable urbanisation: bridging the green and brown agendas, UCL Development Planning Unit in collaboration with DFID and UN–Habitat, London.
  • Allen, A., 2009. Sustainable cities or sustainable urbanisation? UCL’s Journal of Sustainable Cities. University College London Urban Laboratory, London.
  • Alshuwaikhat, H. M. and Nkwenti, D.I., 2002. Visualizing decision making: perspectives on collaborative and participative approach to sustainable urban planning and management. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design. 29 (4): 513–531.
  • Anonim, 2012. Kent planlama ansiklopedik sözlük (derleyen: Melih Ersoy), Ninova Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Aristoteles, 1993. Politika. Remzi Yayınevi, İstanbul.
  • Ashworth, G.J. and Tunbridge, J.E., 2000. The tourist–historic city: retrospect and prospect of managing the heritage city. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
  • Bademli, R.R., 1992. Kent planlamasında yeni gündem: kentsel proje vurgulu eylemli planlama. Kent Kooperatifçiliği Altıncı Teknik Semineri. Ankara, 60–69.
  • Barbosa, J.A., Bragança, L. and Mateus, R., 2014. New approach addressing sustainability in urban areas using sustainable city models. International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development. 5 (4): 297–305.
  • Bayram, F., 2001. Sürdürülebilirlik kentsel gelişme: araçlar, yaklaşımlar ve Türkiye. Cevat Geray’a Armağan. Mülkiyeliler Birliği Yayınları, Ankara, 251–264.
  • Beatley, T., 2000. Green urbanism: learning from European cities. Island Press, Washington.
  • Berger, M., 2014. The unsustainable city. Sustainability. 6 (1): 365–374.
  • Bilsel, S. G., 1987. Öncelikli alan planlaması. Basılmamış Doktora Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Blowers, A. and Pain, K., 2000. The unsustainable cities. In: Understanding Cities; Unruluy Cities. S. Pile, C. Brook, G. Mooney (Eds.), Routledge Press, New York, 247–298.
  • Blowers, A., 1992. Sustainable urban development: the political prospects, In: Sustainable development and urban form. M. Breheny (ed.), Pion Limited Press, London, 24–38.
  • Bonnette, M., 2001. Strategies for sustainable urban preservation, In: Historic cities and sacred sites: cultural roots for urban future. JM–Brown, E. Shluger, I. Serageldin (Eds.), World Bank Publication, Washington DC, 131–137.
  • Botkin, D. B. and Beveridge, C. E., 1997. Cities as environments. Urban Ecosystem. 1 (3): 3–19.
  • Breheny, M.J., 1992. Sustainable development and urban form: An introduction. In: Sustainable Development and Urban Form. MJ. Breheny (Ed), Pion Limited Press, London, 1–23.
  • Brett–Crowther, M., 2011. The green city: ideal and necessity. International Journal of Environmental Studies. 68 (5): 737–749.
  • Bueren, E. M. van, Bougrain, F. and Knorr–Siedow, T., 2002. Sustainable neighbourhood rehabilitation in Europe: from simple toolbox to multilateral learning. In: The Theory and Practice of Institutional Transplantation. Experiences with the Transfer of Policy Institutions, WM. De Jong, K. Lalenis ve VD. Mamadouh (Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, 263–279.
  • Burgess, R., 2000. The compact city debate: A global perspective. In: Compact Cities: Sustainable Urban Forms for Developing Countries. R. Burgess ve M. Jenks (Eds.), Spon Press, New York, 9–24.
  • Burton, E., 2000. The Compact city: just or just compact? A preliminary analysis. Urban Studies. 37 (11): 1969–2001.
  • Campbell, S., 1996. Green cities, growing cities, just cities? Urban planning and the contradictions of sustainable development. American Planning Association. Journal of the American Planning Association. 62 (3): 296–312.
  • Carmona, M., 2001. Sustainable urban design: A possible agenda. In: Planning for a Sustainable Future. S. Batty, A. Layard, S. Davoudi (Eds.), Spon Press, New York, 165–192.
  • CEC (Commission of the European Communities), 1999. Sustainable urban development in the European Union: A framework for action. Commission of the European Communities, Bruxelles.
  • CEMAT (European Conference of Ministers responsible for Regional Planning), 2000. Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent. 12th Session of the European Conference of Ministers responsible for Regional Planning (7–8 Eylül 2000). Council of Europe, Hannover.
  • CEU (Council of Europe), 2009. Manifesto for a New Urbanity European: Urban Charter II. Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg.
  • Choguill, C. L., 2008. Developing sustainable neighbourhoods. Habitat International. 32: 41–48.
  • Cohen, B., 2006. Urbanization in developing countries: current trends, future projections, and key challenges for sustainability. Technology in Society. 28, 63–80.
  • Cristian, D., 2014. Culture, sustainable urban development and urban regeneration. Revista Economică. 66 (6): 23–38.
  • Çubuk, M., 1994. Kentsel gelişmenin yönlenmesinde kentsel tasarım ve yeni denge araçları, 4. Kentsel Tasarım ve Uygulamaları Sempozyumu (26–27 Mayıs 1993). Mimar Sinan Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul, XXIII–XXVIII.
  • Delafons, J., 1997. Sustainable conservation, politics and preservation; a policy history of the built heritage (1882–1996). Spon Press, London.
  • Dentinho, T.P., 2011. Unsustainable cities; A tragedy of urban infrastructure. Regional Science Policy and Practice. 3 (3): 231–247.
  • Diepen, A.V. and Voogd, H., 2001. Sustainability and planning: Does urban form matter? International Journal of Sustainable Development. 4 (1): 59–74.
  • Drakakis–Smith, D., 1995. Third world cities; sustainable development 1. Urban Studies. 32 (4–5): 659–677.
  • Drost, A., 1996. Developing sustainable tourism for world heritage sites. Annals of Tourism Research. 23 (2): 479–484.
  • Engel–Yan, J, Kennedy, C, Saiz, S. ve Pressnail, K., 2005. Towards sustainable neighbourhood: the need to consider infrastructure interaction. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. 32 (1): 45–57.
  • EUC (Eupean Commission), 2007. Leipzig Charter; Integrated urban development and sustainable European cities. European Union, Leipzig.
  • Fawcett–Thompson, M., 1996. The urbanist revision of development. Urban Design International. 1 (4): 301–322.
  • Finco, A. and Nijkamp, P., 2001. Pathways to urban sustainability. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. 3 (4): 289–302.
  • Fistola, R., 2011. The unsustainable city: urban entropy and social capital: the needing of a new urban planning. Procedia Engineering. 21, 976–984.
  • Focht, W., 2008. Governance for sustainability. Environmetnal Politics. 17 (1): 131–137.
  • Frey, H., 1999. Designing the city: towards a more sustainable urban form. E and FN Spon Press, New York.
  • Geenhuisan, MV. and Nijkamp, P., 1994. Sürdürülebilir kenti nasıl planlamalı? Toplum ve Bilim Dergisi. 64–65: 129–140.
  • Grewcock, D., 2006. Museums of cities and urban futures: new approaches to urban planning and the opportunities for museums of cities. Museum International. 58 (3): 32–42.
  • Hall, A. C., 2000. A new paradigm for local development plans. Urban Design International. 5 (2): 123–140.
  • Haughton, G. and Hunter, C., 1994. Sustainable cities. Jessica Kingsley Press, London.
  • Haughton, G., 1997. Developing sustainable urban development models. Cities. 14 (4): 189–195.
  • Hopwood, B. ve Mellor, M., 2007. Visioning the sustainable city. Capitalism Nature Socialism. 18 (4): 75–89.
  • Hourihan, K., 2000. Urban planning in the twentieth century. Urban History. 27 (3): 384–396.
  • Hudson, A. and Evans, T., 2005. Regeneration and sustainability: the new language of planning. Urban Design International. 10: 87–94.
  • ICLEI (International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives), 1994. Aalborg Charter. European Conference on Sustainable Cities and Towns, (24–27 Mayıs 1994), Aalborg.
  • İspir, E. G., 1991. Şehirleşme ve meseleleri. Gazi Büro Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Jabareen, Y. R., 2006. Sustainable urban forms, their typologies, models, and concepts. Journal of Planning Education and Research. 26: 38–52.
  • Jim, C. Y., 2004. Green–space preservation and allocation for sustainable greening of compact cities. Cities. 21(4): 311–320.
  • Jones, P. and Evans, J., 2008. Urban regeneration in the UK. Sage Publications Limited, London.
  • Keleş, R. and Hamamcı, C., 1993. Çevrebilim. İmge Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Keleş, R., 1998. Kentbilim terimleri sözlüğü. İmge Yayınları, İstanbul
  • Keleş, R., 2002. Sustainable development, international cooperation and local authorities. Ekistics. 69 (415–416–417): 333–336.
  • Keleş, R., 2015. Kentleşme politikası, İmge Yayınları, Ankara.
  • KENTGES (Kentsel Gelişme Stratejisi) 2010. Bütünleşik Kentsel Gelişme Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2010–2023). T.C. Bayındırlık ve İskân Bakanlığı Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Konuk, G., 1994. Büyük kentsel projelerin kentsel gelişmedeki rolü, 4. Kentsel Tasarım ve Uygulamaları Sempozyumu (26–27 Mayıs 1993). Mimar Sinan Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul, 115–124.
  • Lange, P., Driessen, P.P.J., Sauer, A., Bornemann, B. and Burger, P., 2013. Governing towards sustainability–conceptualizing modes of governance. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. 15 (3): 403–425.
  • Larkham, P.J., 1996. Conservation and the city. Routledge Press, London.
  • Low, N., Gleeson, B., Green, R. and Radovic, D., 2005. The green city: sustainable homes. In: Substainable Suburbs. N. Low (Ed.), Taylor and Francis Press, New York.
  • Marker, B., 2005. Foundations of the sustainable compact city, Global Built Environment Review. 4 (3): 19–23.
  • Martino, D., 2009. Sustainable cities: no oxymoron. Ethics, Place and Environment. 12 (2): 235–253.
  • Meadowcroft, J., 2007. Who is in charge here? Governance for sustainable development in a complex world. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. 9 (3–4): 299–314.
  • Mega, V., 1996. Our city, our future: towards sustainable development in European cities. Environment and Urbanization. 8 (1): 133–154.
  • Naes, P., 2001. Urban planning and sustainable development. European Planning Studies. 9 (1): 503–524.
  • Nasser, N., 2003. Planning for urban heritage places: reconciling conservation, tourism, and sustainable development. Journal of Planning Literature. 17 (4): 467–479.
  • Neuman, M., 2005. The compact city fallacy. Journal of Planning Education and Research. 25:11–26.
  • Newman, P.W.G. and Kenworthy, J.R., 2006. Urban design to reduce automobile dependence. Opolis: An International Journal of Suburban and Metropolitan Studies. 2 (1): 35–52.
  • Newman, P.W.G., 1999. Sustainability and cities, extending the metabolism model. Landscape and Urban Planning. 44: 219–226.
  • Nichol, J. E., King, B. and Ding, X., 2013. Sustainable urbanization. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 34 (3): 755–758.
  • Niemelä, M., 1999. Ecology and urban planning. Biodiversity and Conservation. 8: 119–131.
  • North, P., 2010. Unsustainable urbanism? Cities, climate change and resource depletion: A Liverpool case study. Geography Compass. 4 (9): 1377–1391.
  • Pérez–Urrestarazu, Fernández–Cañero, R., Franco–Salas, A. ve Egea, G., 2015. Vertical greening systems and sustainable cities. Journal of Urban Technology. 22 (4): 65–85.
  • Rees, WE., 1997. Is sustainable city an oxymoron? Local Environment. 2 (3): 303–310.
  • Rodwell, D., 2007. Conservation and sustainability in historic cities. Wiley–Blackwell, Oxford.
  • Ruckelshaus, WD., 1989. Toward a sustainable world. Scientific American. 261 (3): 66–175.
  • Salet, W., 2014. The ladder of sustainable urbanization. disP–The Planning Review. 50 (4): 4–5.
  • Satterthwaite, D., 1997. Sustainable cities or cities that contribute to sustainable development? Urban Studies. 34 (10): 1667–1691.
  • Steinberg, F., 1996. Conservation and rehabilitation of urban heritage in developing countries. Habitat International. 20 (3): 463–475.
  • Strange, I., 1997. Planning for change, conserving the past: towards sustainable development policy in historic cities. Cities. 14 (4): 227–233.
  • Stubbs M., 2004. Heritage–sustainability: developing a methodology for the sustainable appraisal of the historic environment. Planning, Practices and Research. 19 (3): 285–305.
  • Tekeli, İ., 2001. Sürdürülebilirlik kavramı üzerine irdelemeler. Cevat Geray’a Armağan. Mülkiyeliler Birliği Yayınları, Ankara, 729–746.
  • Tekeli, İ., 2011. Kent, kentli hakları, kentleşme ve kentsel dönüşüm yazıları. Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Thorns, D. C., 2002. The transformation of the cities: urban theory and urban cities. Palgrave Macmillan Press, New York.
  • Tiesdell, S., O., and Heath, T., 1996. Revitalizing historic urban quarters. Architectural Press, Oxford.
  • Tweed, C. and Sutherland, M., 2007. Built cultural heritage and sustainable urban development. Landscape and Urban Planning. 83 (1): 62–69.
  • UNCED (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development), 1992. Rio Declaration on environment and development. United Nations conference on environment and development (3–14 Haziran 1992), United Nations, Rio.
  • UNITED NATIONS, 1996. Second International Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II). United Nations, Istanbul.
  • UNITED NATIONS, 2000. Millennium Declaration. Millennium Summit of the United Nations (6–8 Eylül 2000), New York.
  • UNITED NATIONS, 2009. Planning–Sustainable Cities: Global Report on Human Settlements: United Nations Human Settlements Programme. United Nations–Habitat, London.
  • Vallance, S. and Perkins, H., 2010. Is another city possible? Towards an urbanised sustainability. City. 14 (4): 448–456.
  • WCED (World Commission on Environment and Development), 1987. Report of the World commission on environment and development: our common future, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • Winston, N., 2009. Urban regeneration for sustainable development: the role of sustainable housing? European Planning Studies. 17 (12):1781–1796.
  • WSSD (World Summit on Sustainable Development), 2002. Report of the World Summit on Sustainable Development. World Summit on Sustainable Development (26 Ağustos–4 Eylül 2002), United Nations, Johannesburg.
  • Yanarella, EJ. and Levine, RS., 1992. The sustainable cities manifesto: pretext, text and post–text, Built Environment. 18 (4): 301–313.
Toplam 103 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Koray Özcan

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Eylül 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özcan, K. (2016). Kent Planlamada Sürdürülebilirlik Gündemi: Bir Kavramsallaştırma Denemesi. Avrasya Terim Dergisi, 4(2), 7-17.


 

ISSN: 2147-7507

Avrasya Terim Dergisi