PEACEBUILDING FOR INTERNAL AND CROSS-BORDER RESOURCE BASED CONFLICTS IN SOUTH OMO ETHIOPIA

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 60 - 69, 31.05.2024

Asmare Shetahun

Öz

The study examined the practices of peacebuilding for internal and cross-border resource based conflicts in Hammer, Dassanech and Nyangatom community of south Omo Ethiopia using qualitative research approach. Data are collected through semi structured interview, Focus group discussions, document analysis and non-participant observation. Conflict drivers: The scarcity of water, pasture and concentration of livestock in the available water points and pasture areas often leads to conflict between the different communities over the rights of use of the water and pasture. Raiding of livestock has been culturally practiced among the pastoral communities, and it approved as the sources of conflict. Pastoral groups in Ethiopia living and grazing their livestock along the border areas, often get into conflict with those from neighboring Kenya pastoralist groups. The community described conflict as starvation, and poverty and peace as milk and food. To address the growing conflict in the study area, the government has set up strategies and peace committees which are responsible for ensuring local communities co-exist peacefully and diplomatic discussions are made. The peacebuilding practices are less fruitful because of lack of enforcing the designed strategies for peacebuilding but the peacebuilding initiatives are found there to be a best for peacebuilding. The study also finds out, there is relative peace in the study area and the trends of conflict are going on and the objective of building peace is still not achieved and there is less visible change in the trends of peace because of the absence of peace infrastructures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

pastoralism, conflict, peacebuilding

Etik Beyan

conducted based on research ethics

Destekleyen Kurum

arba minch university

Proje Numarası

amu/2014 E.C

Teşekkür

I acknowledge Arba Minch university for their financial support to conduct the study

Kaynakça

• Pavanello S and Levine S. (2011). Rules of the range, natural resources management in Kenya-Ethiopia border areas. ODI, London.
• Burton, J.W. (1990). Conflict resolution and prevention. London: Mac Millian.
• Lederach, J.P (1997). Building Peace,Sustainable Reconciliation in divided Societies. US Institute of Ghali, B, (1992). An agenda for peace: Preventive diplomacy, peacemaking and peace-building.
• Galtung, J. (1975). Three Approaches to Peace: Peacekeeping, Peacemaking, and Peacebuilding, in Peace, War and Defence: Essays in Peace Research, ed. John Galtung (Copenhagen: Christianjlers), 282–304.
• Bennett, T. W. and Murray, C. (2005) “Traditional leaders” in Chaskalson, Matthew et al (eds.), Constitutional law of South Africa, 2nd edition, Cape Town: Juta, 2005, Chapter 29.
• Mac Ginty, R. (2011). International peacebuilding and local resistance: Hybrid forms of peace. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Jeong, H. (2005). Peacebuilding in postconflict societies: Strategy and process. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
• Zelizer, C. (2013). Integrated Peacebuilding: Innovative Approaches to Transforming Conflict. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
• Mac Ginty, R. & Williams, A. (2009). Conflict and development. London: Routledge.
• Omeje, K. (2008). Understanding conflict resolution in Africa. In D. Francis (Ed.), Peace and conflict in Africa (pp. 68-91). London. New York: Zed Books.
• Murithi, T. (2008). African indigenous and endogenous approaches to peace and conflict resolution. In D. Francis (Ed.), Peace and conflict in Africa (pp.16- 30), London. New York: Zed Books.
• Karbo, T. (2008). Peacebuilding in Africa. In D. Francis (Ed.), Peace and conflict in Africa (pp. 113-130), London. New York: Zed Books.
• Gebre Yntiso. (2016). Borderland Conflicts in East Africa: The unnoticed wars in the Ethiopia Kenya border. Ethiopian Journal of Development Research, 38(1):1-30.
• IGAD.(2022). Conflict dynamics in IGAD region: drought and other hazards. igad drought disaster resilience and sustainability initiative (iddrsi) skylihgt hotel | Addis Ababa | Ethiopia.
• Shikuku,F. Godfrey, P. &, Kimokoti,S. (2020). Nature of Cross-Border Conflicts between the Communities at the Kenya and Ethiopia Border. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) |Volume IV, Issue X, October 2020|ISSN 2454-6186.