THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SNORING, DAYTIME SLEEPINESS AND OBESITY IN PROFESSIONAL WRESTLERS

Öz

-

Anahtar Kelimeler

• -

THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SNORING, DAYTIME SLEEPINESS AND OBESITY IN PROFESSIONAL WRESTLERS

Öz

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness and other sleep symptoms in a group of professional wrestlers and to identify the risk factors of snoring in these subjects. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 55 professional wrestlers and 44 age matched men. All subjects answered nine questions about their sleep and snoring habits and self-graded on a scale of 0 to 4. The questions were also related to demographic characteristics, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and general medical history. Results: There were no significant differences in age, smoking and alcohol intake between wrestlers and control subjects. Obesity (p=0.004) was significantly more common and neck circumference (p=0.004) significantly higher in wrestlers than in control subjects. Bed time were significantly early (p=0.006), wake time significantly late (p=0.014), total sleep time significantly higher (p0.05). The prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness, witnessed apnea, morning headache, restless leg, insomnia, sleep talking, sleep walking and mean ESS were not significantly different in wrestlers when compared to control subjects. Conclusion: There were no significant differences with respect to habitual snoring, daytime sleepiness and ESS between wrestlers and control subjects. However, obesity and large neck circumference were much more common among wrestlers. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of self-reported snoring, and other sleep symtoms and also to investigate snoring risk factors in professional wrestlers in comparison to age matched men. MATERIAL AND METHODSStudy Population This study was performed during a national wrestling tournament. A questionnaire was administered to 55 professional wrestlers and 44 agematched men. Active sportman in control group were excluded from this study. They were asked to complete the questionnaire on a voluntary basis after informed consent form

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Snoring, sleepiness, wrestlers

Kaynakça

1. Wilson K, Stoohs RA, Mulrooney TF, et al. The snoring spectrum: Acustic assesment of snoring intensity in 1139 individuals undergoing 1999;115:762-70 Chest
2. Young T, Hutton R, Finn L, et al. The gender bias in sleep apnea diagnosis: are women missed because they have different symtoms? Arch Intern Med 1996;156:2445-51
3. Urschitz MS, Guenther A, Eggebrecht E, et al. Snoring intermittant hypoxia and academic performance in primary school children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;168: 464-8
4. Peker Y, Hedner J, Norum J, et al. Increased Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-aged Men with Obstructive Sleep apnea: A 7-year Follow-up. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;166:159-65
5. Janson C, Hillerdal G, Larsson L, et al. Excessive daytime sleepiness and fatigue in nonapneic snorers: improvement after UPPP. Eur Respir J 1994;7:845-9
6. Lindberg E, Janson J, Gislason T et al. Snoring and hypertension : a 10 year follow up. Eur Respir J 1998;11:884-9
7. Young T, Finn L, Palta M. Chronic nasal congestion at night is a risk factor for snoring in a population based cohort study. Ann Intern Med 2001;161:1514-9
8. Urschitzs MS, Guenther A, Eitner S, et al. Risk factors and natural history of habitual snoring. Chest 2004;126:790-800

9. Koskenvuo M, Partinen M, Kaprio J, et al. Snoring and cardiovascular risk factors. Ann Med 1994;26:371-6
10. Juto JE, Lundberg C. Nasal mucosa reaction, catecholamines and lactate during physical exercise. Acta Otolaryngol 1984;98:533-42
11. Johns MW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep 1991;14:540-5
12. Teculescu D, Hannhart B, Cornette A, et al. Prevalance of habitual snoring in a sample of French males. Role of “minor” nose-throat abnormalities. Respiration 2001;68:365-70
13. Hui DS, Chan JK, Ho AS, et al. Prevalence of snoring and sleep disordered breathing in a student population. Chest 1999;116: 1530-6
14. Khoo SM, Tan WC, ng TP, ho CH. Risk factors associated with habitual snoring and sleep disordered breathing in multi-ethnic Asian population: a population based study. Respir Med 2004;98:557-66
15. George CF, Kab V, Kab P, Villa JJ, Levy AM. Sleep and breathing in professional football players. Sleep Med 2003;4:317-25
16. Resta O, Foschino-Barbora MP, Legari G, et al. Sleep related breathing disorders, loud snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness in obese subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001; 25: 669-75
17. Zamarron C, Gude F, Alverez JM, et al. Airway disorders and pulmonary function in snorers. A population based study. Respir Med 2000;94: 835-40
18. Svensson M, Lindberg E, Naessen T, Janson C. Risk factors associated with snoring in women with special emphasis on body mass index. A population based study. Chest 2006;129:933-41
19. Moreno CR, Carvalho FA, Lorenzi C, et al. High risk for obstructive sleep apnea in truck drivers estimated by the Berlin questionnaire: prevalence and associated factors. Chronobiol Int 2004;21:871-9
20. Marchesini G, Pontiroli A, Salvioli G, et al. Snoring hypertension and type 2 diabetes in obesity. Protection by physical activity. J Endocrinol Invest 2004;27:150-7
21. Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, et al. Excessive daytime sleepiness in a general population sample: the role of sleep apnea age, obesity, diabetes and depression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:4510-5
22. King AC, Oman RF, Brassington GS, Bliwise DL, Haskell WL. Moderate-intensity exercise and self rated quality of sleep in older adults. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1997;277: 1034-5
23. Edinger JD, Morey MC, Sullivan RJ, et al. Aerobic fitness, acute exercise and sleep in older men. Sleep 1993;16:351-9
24. Alencar KL, Carvalho LB, Prado LB, et al. Older people involved in physical activity benefit from water exercise, showing longer total sleep time. J Am Ger Soc 2006;54:725-7
25. Phillips BA, Young T, Finn L, et al. Epidemiology of restless legs syndrome in adults. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:2137-41
26. Allen RP, Walters AS, Montplaisir J, et al. Restless legs syndrome prevalence and impact: REST general population study. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:1286-92
27. Foley DJ, Monjan A, Simonsick EM, Wallace RB, Blazer DG. Incidence and remission of insomnia among elderly adults: an epidemiologic study of 6,800 persons over three years. Sleep 1999;22: S366-72
28. Doghramji K. The epidemiology and diagnosis of insomnia. Am J Manag Care 2006;12:S214- 20