Shinde V, Bridges CB, Uyeki TM, et al. Triple-reassortant swine influenza A (H1) in humans in the United States, 2005-2009. N Engl J Med 2009;350(25):2616-25.
Garten RJ, Davis CT, Russell CA, et al. Antigenic and genetic characteristics of swine-origin 2009 A (H1N1): early findings. Science 2009;325(5934):1557-61
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Serum cross-reactive antibody response to a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus after vaccination with seasonal influenza vaccine. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009;58(19):521-4.
Miller E, Hoschler K, Hardelid P, Stanford E, Andrews N, Zambon M. Incidence of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection in England: a cross-sectional serological study. Lancet 2010;375:1100-8.
Babasaneb T, Shailesh P, Yogesh G, et al. Seroepidemiology of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infections in Pune, India. BMC Infectious Diseases 20100; 10:255
Itoh Y, Shinya K, Kiso M, et al. In vitro and in vivo characterisation of new swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses. Nature 2009;460(7258):1021-5.
Miller E, Hoschler K, Hardelid P, Stanford E, Andrews N, Zambon M. Incidence of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection in England: a cross-sectional serological study. Lancet 2010;375:1100-08.
Tang JW, Tambyah PA, Wilder-Smith A, et al. Crossreactive antibodies to pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis 2010;16(5):874-6.
Ikonen N, Strengell M, Kinnunen L. et al. High frequency of cross-reacting antibodies against
2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus among the elderly in Finland. Euro Surveill 2010;15(5):19478
Ministry of Health, New Zealand: Seroprevalence of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in New Zealand. http://www.nzdoctor.co.nz/media/224143/seroprevalence-flu-2009.pdf0.
Jiang T, Li X, Liu W, et al. Serum antibody response to the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the elderly. Clin Infect Dis 2010;50:285-6.
Seroepidemiology of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infections in northern Greece
In case cross-reactivity against the 2009 pandemic in- fluenza virus is indeed due to infections caused by the Spanish influenza and /or its immediate descendant viruses in the late 1910s and the 1920s, this would seem to suggest that specific anti-influenza immunity can last for an extremely long time, even a lifetime. A recent study showing the existence of B cells clones specific for the Spanish influenza HA in the elderly, in- dicate that immunological memory may last a whole lifetime (9). Among the 400 post-pandemic specimens tested, the seroprevalence was 34,5% (n=138), while 53,6% of them were females. The mean age of the se
Shinde V, Bridges CB, Uyeki TM, et al. Triple-reassortant swine influenza A (H1) in humans in the United States, 2005-2009. N Engl J Med 2009;350(25):2616-25.
Garten RJ, Davis CT, Russell CA, et al. Antigenic and genetic characteristics of swine-origin 2009 A (H1N1): early findings. Science 2009;325(5934):1557-61
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Serum cross-reactive antibody response to a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus after vaccination with seasonal influenza vaccine. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009;58(19):521-4.
Miller E, Hoschler K, Hardelid P, Stanford E, Andrews N, Zambon M. Incidence of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection in England: a cross-sectional serological study. Lancet 2010;375:1100-8.
Babasaneb T, Shailesh P, Yogesh G, et al. Seroepidemiology of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infections in Pune, India. BMC Infectious Diseases 20100; 10:255
Itoh Y, Shinya K, Kiso M, et al. In vitro and in vivo characterisation of new swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses. Nature 2009;460(7258):1021-5.
Miller E, Hoschler K, Hardelid P, Stanford E, Andrews N, Zambon M. Incidence of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection in England: a cross-sectional serological study. Lancet 2010;375:1100-08.
Tang JW, Tambyah PA, Wilder-Smith A, et al. Crossreactive antibodies to pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis 2010;16(5):874-6.
Ikonen N, Strengell M, Kinnunen L. et al. High frequency of cross-reacting antibodies against
2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus among the elderly in Finland. Euro Surveill 2010;15(5):19478
Ministry of Health, New Zealand: Seroprevalence of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in New Zealand. http://www.nzdoctor.co.nz/media/224143/seroprevalence-flu-2009.pdf0.
Jiang T, Li X, Liu W, et al. Serum antibody response to the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the elderly. Clin Infect Dis 2010;50:285-6.
Gioula, G., Exindari, M., Pape, M., Melidou, A., vd. (2011). Seroepidemiology of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infections in northern Greece. European Journal of General Medicine, 8(3).
AMA
Gioula G, Exindari M, Pape M, Melidou A, Chatzidimitriou D, Diza-mataftsi E, Malisiovas N. Seroepidemiology of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infections in northern Greece. European Journal of General Medicine. Eylül 2011;8(3).
Chicago
Gioula, Georgia, Maria Exindari, Magda Pape, Angeliki Melidou, Dimitrios Chatzidimitriou, Eudoxia Diza-mataftsi, ve Nikolaos Malisiovas. “Seroepidemiology of Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus Infections in Northern Greece”. European Journal of General Medicine 8, sy. 3 (Eylül 2011).
EndNote
Gioula G, Exindari M, Pape M, Melidou A, Chatzidimitriou D, Diza-mataftsi E, Malisiovas N (01 Eylül 2011) Seroepidemiology of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infections in northern Greece. European Journal of General Medicine 8 3
IEEE
G. Gioula, M. Exindari, M. Pape, A. Melidou, D. Chatzidimitriou, E. Diza-mataftsi, ve N. Malisiovas, “Seroepidemiology of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infections in northern Greece”, European Journal of General Medicine, c. 8, sy. 3, 2011.
ISNAD
Gioula, Georgia vd. “Seroepidemiology of Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus Infections in Northern Greece”. European Journal of General Medicine 8/3 (Eylül 2011).
JAMA
Gioula G, Exindari M, Pape M, Melidou A, Chatzidimitriou D, Diza-mataftsi E, Malisiovas N. Seroepidemiology of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infections in northern Greece. European Journal of General Medicine. 2011;8.
MLA
Gioula, Georgia vd. “Seroepidemiology of Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus Infections in Northern Greece”. European Journal of General Medicine, c. 8, sy. 3, 2011.
Vancouver
Gioula G, Exindari M, Pape M, Melidou A, Chatzidimitriou D, Diza-mataftsi E, Malisiovas N. Seroepidemiology of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infections in northern Greece. European Journal of General Medicine. 2011;8(3).