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Linking Urban Security and Regional Development: Operationalizing Security-Development Nexus within Regional Development Agencies

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 35 - 42, 25.02.2017

Öz

This
paper aims to present a conceptual framework for incorporating urban security
concerns into regional development so as to operationalize security-development
nexus within Regional Development Agencies (RDAs). The security issues
pertinent to urbanization pose severe threats to individuals’ and community’s
safety as a whole. Nevertheless, it seems that putting security into regional
development agenda has been relatively ignored. Now that we have RDAs to
promote development on a regional basis, security can be addressed as a part of
regional development. In this study, it is argued that urban security can be
embedded into RDA structure. Doing so, urban security can placed within
regional development practices as a functional and structural component. In
this study, primarily, conceptual linkage between urban security and regional
development is demonstrated. Then an Urban Security Ecosystem is defined in
order to identify stakeholders of governance. Consequently, incorporating urban
security into RDA relating it with Urban Security Ecosystem, it is suggested
that security-development nexus can thus be operationalized. This study does
not suggest a “one size fits all” model. However, a conceptual framework could
be useful to further pertinent discussions and policy implementation.

Kaynakça

  • [1]. Adams, N., Alden, J. and Harris, N. (Eds.), Regional Development and Spatial Planning in an Enlarged European Union, Routledge, London, 2016.
  • [2]. Ahmad, I. and Bajwa, I. U, Regional Development Planning; Issues and Realities, 41st ISoCaRP Congress, 2005
  • [3]. Basole, R. J., Russell, M. G., Huhtamaki, J., Rubens, N., Still, K. and Park, H., “Understanding Business Ecosystem Dynamics: A Data-Driven Approach”, ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems (TMIS), Vol. 6, No. 2, 6, July 2015.
  • [4]. Beall, J., Cities, Terrorism and Urban Wars of the 21st Century, Crisis States Research Centre Working Paper No.9, DESTIN, London, 2007.
  • [5]. Boddy, D., Management: An Introduction, FT Prentice Hall, USA, 2008.
  • [6]. Boemcken, M., “Revisiting the Security-Development Nexus”, in Commercial Security and Development Findings from Timor-Leste, Liberia and Peru, (pp. 7-8), Bonn International Center for Conversion, Germany, 2011.
  • [7]. Chandler, D., “The Security-Development Nexus and the Rise of Anti-Foreign Policy”, Journal of International Relations and Development, Vol. 10, pp. 362-386, 2007.
  • [8]. Coaffee, J,, O’Hare P. and Hawkesworth M., “The Visibility of (In)security: The Aesthetics of Planning Urban Defences Against Terrorism”, Security Dialogue, Vol. 40, pp. 489-511, 2009.
  • [9]. Cooke, P. and Leydesdorff, L., “Regional Development in the Knowledge-Based Economy: The Construction of Advantage”, Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 5-15, January 2006.
  • [10]. Dawkins, C. J., “Regional Development Theory: Conceptual Foundations, Classic Works, and Recent Developments”, Journal of Planning Literature, Vol. 18, No.2, November 2003.
  • [11]. Denney, L., “Reducing Poverty with Teargas and Batons: The Security-Development Nexus in Sierra Leone”, African Affairs, Vol. 110, No. 439, pp. 275-294, 2011.
  • [12]. Duffield, M., “The Liberal Way of Development and the Development-Security Impasse: Exploring the Global Life-Chance Divide”, Security Dialogue, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 53-76, 2010.
  • [13]. Dupont, B., “Delivering Security through Networks: Surveying the Relational Landscape of Security Managers in an Urban Setting”, Crime, Law & Social Change, Vol. 45, pp. 165-184, 2006.
  • [14]. EURADA, Creation, Development and Management of RDAs: Does it have to be so difficult?, EURADA, Brussels, 1999.
  • [15]. European Commission, Promoting Sustainable Urban Development in Europe Achievements and Opportunities, Brussels, 2009.
  • [16]. European Forum for Urban Security, The Saragossa Manifesto, Barcelona, 2006.
  • [17]. European Forum for Urban Security, Security, Democracy and Cities: The Aubervilliers and Saint-Denis Manifesto, Paris, 2012.
  • [18]. Friedman, J., “Planning Cultures in Transition”, in B. Sanyal (ed.), Comparative Planning Cultures, (pp. 29-44), Routledge, New York, 2005.
  • [19]. Gressgård, R., “Plural Policing and the Safety-Security Nexus in Urban Governance: The Expanded Cohesion Agenda in Malmö”, 2015, http://www.rc21.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/G1-Gressg%C3%A5rd.pdf, 03.06.2016.
  • [20]. Halkier, H., Danson, M., “Regional Development Agencies in Europe-A Survey of Key Characteristics and Trends”, in H. Halkier et al. (Eds.), Regional Development Agencies in Europe, (pp 26-44), Jessica Kingsley, London, 1998.
  • [21]. Halkier, H., Danson, M. and Damborg, C. Regional development agencies in Europe, Jessica Kingsley London, 1998.
  • [22]. International Peace Academy, Strengthening the Security-Development Nexus: Assessing International Policy and Practice since the 1990s, New York, 2004.
  • [23]. Jackson, P., “Introduction: Security and Development”, in P. Jackson (Ed.), The Handbook of International Security and Development, (pp. 1-15), Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, 2015.
  • [24]. Little, R. G. “Holistic Strategy for Urban Security”, Journal of Infrastructure Systems, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 52-59, 2004.
  • [25]. Mallik, A., Technology and the Security in the 21st Century: A Demand-Side Perspective, SIPRI Research Report No. 20, Oxford University Press, Stockholm, 2004.
  • [26]. Mason, C. and Brown, R., Background Paper Prepared for the Workshop Organized by the OECD LEED Programme and the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs on Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Growth Oriented Entrepreneurship, The Hague, Netherlands, 7th November 2013.
  • [27]. McMaster, I., “Czech Regional Development Agencies in a Shifting Institutional Landscape”, Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 58, pp. 347-70, 2006.
  • [28]. Moore, J., “Predators and Prey: A New Ecology of Competition”, Harvard Business Review, May 1993.
  • [29]. Nemeth, J., “Security in Public Space: An Empirical Assessment of Three US Cities”, Environment and Planning, Vol. 42, pp. 2487-2507, 2010.
  • [30]. Nikolaisen, T., Security Sector Reform: A new Framework for Security Assistance? The Security-Development Nexus Impact on Policies towards the South, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, Norway, 2011.
  • [31]. OECD, Regional Development Policies in OECD Countries, OECD Publishing, Paris, 2010.
  • [32]. OECD, Better Policies for Development 2015: Policy Coherence and Green Growth, OECD Publishing, Paris, 2015.
  • [33]. Pfeffer, J. and Salancik, G., The External Control of Organizations: A resource Dependence Perspective, Harper & Row, New York, 1978.
  • [34]. Recasens, A., Cardoso, C. and Josefina Castro, G. G. N., “Urban Security in Southern Europe”, European Journal of Criminology, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 368-382, 2013.
  • [35]. Schnabel, A., “The Security-Development Discourse and the Role of SSR as a Development Instrument”, in A. Schnabel, V. Farr (Eds.), Back to the Roots: Security Sector Reform and Development, (pp.29-73), Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, Switzerland, 2012.
  • [36]. Syrett, S. and Silva, C. N., “Regional Development Agencies in Portugal: Recent Development and Future Challenges”, Regional Studies, Vol. 35, pp. 174-80, 2001.
  • [37]. United Nations, Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, United Nations, New York, 2015.
  • [38]. UNDP, Human Development Report 1994, UNDP, New York, 1994.
  • [39]. UN-Habitat, Enhancing Urban Safety and Security: Global Report on Human Settlements 2007, USA, 2007.
  • [40]. UNODC, UN Habitat, Introductory Handbook on Policing Urban Space. Criminal Justice Handbook Series, United Nations, New York, 2011.
  • [41]. World Bank, World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security, and Development, Washington, DC, 2011.
  • [42]. World Bank, Financing for Development Post 2015, Washington, DC, 2013.
  • [43]. www.en.wikipedia.org, 05.07.2016.
Yıl 2017, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 35 - 42, 25.02.2017

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1]. Adams, N., Alden, J. and Harris, N. (Eds.), Regional Development and Spatial Planning in an Enlarged European Union, Routledge, London, 2016.
  • [2]. Ahmad, I. and Bajwa, I. U, Regional Development Planning; Issues and Realities, 41st ISoCaRP Congress, 2005
  • [3]. Basole, R. J., Russell, M. G., Huhtamaki, J., Rubens, N., Still, K. and Park, H., “Understanding Business Ecosystem Dynamics: A Data-Driven Approach”, ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems (TMIS), Vol. 6, No. 2, 6, July 2015.
  • [4]. Beall, J., Cities, Terrorism and Urban Wars of the 21st Century, Crisis States Research Centre Working Paper No.9, DESTIN, London, 2007.
  • [5]. Boddy, D., Management: An Introduction, FT Prentice Hall, USA, 2008.
  • [6]. Boemcken, M., “Revisiting the Security-Development Nexus”, in Commercial Security and Development Findings from Timor-Leste, Liberia and Peru, (pp. 7-8), Bonn International Center for Conversion, Germany, 2011.
  • [7]. Chandler, D., “The Security-Development Nexus and the Rise of Anti-Foreign Policy”, Journal of International Relations and Development, Vol. 10, pp. 362-386, 2007.
  • [8]. Coaffee, J,, O’Hare P. and Hawkesworth M., “The Visibility of (In)security: The Aesthetics of Planning Urban Defences Against Terrorism”, Security Dialogue, Vol. 40, pp. 489-511, 2009.
  • [9]. Cooke, P. and Leydesdorff, L., “Regional Development in the Knowledge-Based Economy: The Construction of Advantage”, Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 5-15, January 2006.
  • [10]. Dawkins, C. J., “Regional Development Theory: Conceptual Foundations, Classic Works, and Recent Developments”, Journal of Planning Literature, Vol. 18, No.2, November 2003.
  • [11]. Denney, L., “Reducing Poverty with Teargas and Batons: The Security-Development Nexus in Sierra Leone”, African Affairs, Vol. 110, No. 439, pp. 275-294, 2011.
  • [12]. Duffield, M., “The Liberal Way of Development and the Development-Security Impasse: Exploring the Global Life-Chance Divide”, Security Dialogue, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 53-76, 2010.
  • [13]. Dupont, B., “Delivering Security through Networks: Surveying the Relational Landscape of Security Managers in an Urban Setting”, Crime, Law & Social Change, Vol. 45, pp. 165-184, 2006.
  • [14]. EURADA, Creation, Development and Management of RDAs: Does it have to be so difficult?, EURADA, Brussels, 1999.
  • [15]. European Commission, Promoting Sustainable Urban Development in Europe Achievements and Opportunities, Brussels, 2009.
  • [16]. European Forum for Urban Security, The Saragossa Manifesto, Barcelona, 2006.
  • [17]. European Forum for Urban Security, Security, Democracy and Cities: The Aubervilliers and Saint-Denis Manifesto, Paris, 2012.
  • [18]. Friedman, J., “Planning Cultures in Transition”, in B. Sanyal (ed.), Comparative Planning Cultures, (pp. 29-44), Routledge, New York, 2005.
  • [19]. Gressgård, R., “Plural Policing and the Safety-Security Nexus in Urban Governance: The Expanded Cohesion Agenda in Malmö”, 2015, http://www.rc21.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/G1-Gressg%C3%A5rd.pdf, 03.06.2016.
  • [20]. Halkier, H., Danson, M., “Regional Development Agencies in Europe-A Survey of Key Characteristics and Trends”, in H. Halkier et al. (Eds.), Regional Development Agencies in Europe, (pp 26-44), Jessica Kingsley, London, 1998.
  • [21]. Halkier, H., Danson, M. and Damborg, C. Regional development agencies in Europe, Jessica Kingsley London, 1998.
  • [22]. International Peace Academy, Strengthening the Security-Development Nexus: Assessing International Policy and Practice since the 1990s, New York, 2004.
  • [23]. Jackson, P., “Introduction: Security and Development”, in P. Jackson (Ed.), The Handbook of International Security and Development, (pp. 1-15), Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, 2015.
  • [24]. Little, R. G. “Holistic Strategy for Urban Security”, Journal of Infrastructure Systems, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 52-59, 2004.
  • [25]. Mallik, A., Technology and the Security in the 21st Century: A Demand-Side Perspective, SIPRI Research Report No. 20, Oxford University Press, Stockholm, 2004.
  • [26]. Mason, C. and Brown, R., Background Paper Prepared for the Workshop Organized by the OECD LEED Programme and the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs on Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Growth Oriented Entrepreneurship, The Hague, Netherlands, 7th November 2013.
  • [27]. McMaster, I., “Czech Regional Development Agencies in a Shifting Institutional Landscape”, Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 58, pp. 347-70, 2006.
  • [28]. Moore, J., “Predators and Prey: A New Ecology of Competition”, Harvard Business Review, May 1993.
  • [29]. Nemeth, J., “Security in Public Space: An Empirical Assessment of Three US Cities”, Environment and Planning, Vol. 42, pp. 2487-2507, 2010.
  • [30]. Nikolaisen, T., Security Sector Reform: A new Framework for Security Assistance? The Security-Development Nexus Impact on Policies towards the South, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, Norway, 2011.
  • [31]. OECD, Regional Development Policies in OECD Countries, OECD Publishing, Paris, 2010.
  • [32]. OECD, Better Policies for Development 2015: Policy Coherence and Green Growth, OECD Publishing, Paris, 2015.
  • [33]. Pfeffer, J. and Salancik, G., The External Control of Organizations: A resource Dependence Perspective, Harper & Row, New York, 1978.
  • [34]. Recasens, A., Cardoso, C. and Josefina Castro, G. G. N., “Urban Security in Southern Europe”, European Journal of Criminology, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 368-382, 2013.
  • [35]. Schnabel, A., “The Security-Development Discourse and the Role of SSR as a Development Instrument”, in A. Schnabel, V. Farr (Eds.), Back to the Roots: Security Sector Reform and Development, (pp.29-73), Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, Switzerland, 2012.
  • [36]. Syrett, S. and Silva, C. N., “Regional Development Agencies in Portugal: Recent Development and Future Challenges”, Regional Studies, Vol. 35, pp. 174-80, 2001.
  • [37]. United Nations, Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, United Nations, New York, 2015.
  • [38]. UNDP, Human Development Report 1994, UNDP, New York, 1994.
  • [39]. UN-Habitat, Enhancing Urban Safety and Security: Global Report on Human Settlements 2007, USA, 2007.
  • [40]. UNODC, UN Habitat, Introductory Handbook on Policing Urban Space. Criminal Justice Handbook Series, United Nations, New York, 2011.
  • [41]. World Bank, World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security, and Development, Washington, DC, 2011.
  • [42]. World Bank, Financing for Development Post 2015, Washington, DC, 2013.
  • [43]. www.en.wikipedia.org, 05.07.2016.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ahmet Barbak 0000-0001-6573-6308

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Şubat 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Barbak, A. (2017). Linking Urban Security and Regional Development: Operationalizing Security-Development Nexus within Regional Development Agencies. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 2(1), 35-42.
AMA Barbak A. Linking Urban Security and Regional Development: Operationalizing Security-Development Nexus within Regional Development Agencies. EJSDR. Şubat 2017;2(1):35-42.
Chicago Barbak, Ahmet. “Linking Urban Security and Regional Development: Operationalizing Security-Development Nexus Within Regional Development Agencies”. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research 2, sy. 1 (Şubat 2017): 35-42.
EndNote Barbak A (01 Şubat 2017) Linking Urban Security and Regional Development: Operationalizing Security-Development Nexus within Regional Development Agencies. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research 2 1 35–42.
IEEE A. Barbak, “Linking Urban Security and Regional Development: Operationalizing Security-Development Nexus within Regional Development Agencies”, EJSDR, c. 2, sy. 1, ss. 35–42, 2017.
ISNAD Barbak, Ahmet. “Linking Urban Security and Regional Development: Operationalizing Security-Development Nexus Within Regional Development Agencies”. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research 2/1 (Şubat 2017), 35-42.
JAMA Barbak A. Linking Urban Security and Regional Development: Operationalizing Security-Development Nexus within Regional Development Agencies. EJSDR. 2017;2:35–42.
MLA Barbak, Ahmet. “Linking Urban Security and Regional Development: Operationalizing Security-Development Nexus Within Regional Development Agencies”. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, c. 2, sy. 1, 2017, ss. 35-42.
Vancouver Barbak A. Linking Urban Security and Regional Development: Operationalizing Security-Development Nexus within Regional Development Agencies. EJSDR. 2017;2(1):35-42.