Basketbolun Değişen Oyun Yapısı: NBA ve EuroLeague Örnekleri

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 81 - 95, 30.06.2021

Göktuğ Ertetik , Tugay Durmuş , Övünç Erdeveciler , Gülfem Ersöz

https://doi.org/10.47778/ejsse.907049

Cited By: 3

Öz

Basketbol, küresel olarak en yaygın sporlardan birisidir ve bununla birlikte dünyada iki organizasyon ön plana çıkmaktadır: Amerikan Ulusal Basketbol Ligi (NBA) ve Avrupa Ligi (EuroLeague). Takım sporlarında performans analizi, antrenman ve müsabaka sürecine ilişkin verilere erişim kolaylığı ile son on yılda giderek hızlanmıştır. Basketbolun değişen oyun yapısı ve bazı parametrelerin basketbolun oyun stiline etkileri konusunda çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Sayı, ortalama atış denemesi ve ortalama isabetli atış, ortalama üç sayılık atış denemesi ve ortalama isabetli üç sayı, asist, ribaunt, blok, top çalma, top kaybı parametreleri değerlendirilerek oyunun yapısındaki değişikliklerin neler olduğunu belirlemek bu çalışmanın amacı olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, 2002 – 2020 yılları arasında Amerikan Ulusal Basketbol Ligi (NBA) ve Avrupa Basketbol Ligi (EuroLeague) normal sezonlarında oynanan müsabakaları kapsamaktadır. Takımların maç başına sayıları, atış denemeleri ve isabetli atış sayısı, takımların maç başına üç sayılık atış denemeleri ve isabetli atış sayısı, ribaund, asist, top çalma, top kaybı ve blok ortalamaları parametreleri gruplandırılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde EuroLeague ve NBA’de sezonlar ilerledikçe en çarpıcı değişimlerin maç başına sayı denemesi, atılan sayı, maç başına üç sayılık atış denemesi ve isabetli üç sayılık atışlarda meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir. Oyun içerisinde meydana gelen sürekli değişim ve gelişim göz önüne alındığında yapılan çalışmaların güncellenmesi ve farklı istatistiksel yöntemler/yaklaşımlar kullanılarak her iki ligin de analiz edilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

müsabaka analizi, Basketbol, müsabaka analizi, basketbolda oyun sistemleri

The Changing Game Structure of Basketball: Examples of NBA and EuroLeague

Öz

Basketball is one of the most widespread sports globally, and with this, two organizations stand out in the world: NBA (National Basketball Association) and EuroLeague (Europa League). There are studies about the changing game structure of basketball and the effects of some parameters on the playing style of basketball. This study includes games played in National Basketball Association (NBA) and European Basketball League (EuroLeague) regular seasons between 2002 and 2020. The points per game, shot attempts/made, three-point attempts/made, rebounds, assists, steals, turnovers, and block averages of the teams have all been grouped and analyzed. Since there are differences between the two leagues in terms of game time and game rules, the change and comparison of these parameters over the years have been made separately for the two leagues. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the most significant changes occurred in the number of shots made per game, the points scored, the average three-point shot attempts per game, and the successful three-point shot attempts as the seasons progressed in the EuroLeague and NBA. The biggest changes in the statistical categories considered within the scope of the study occurred in the three-point attempts and the three-point shooting rate. There are many studies in the literature that have examined both leagues with different parameters and statistical methods. However, considering the continuous changes and developments occurring in the game, it is necessary to update the studies and analyze both leagues by using different statistical methods/approaches.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Basketball, match analysis, basketball game structures

Kaynakça

• Courel-Ibáñez, J., McRobert, A. P., Ortega, E., & Cárdenas Vélez, D. (2018). Inside game effectiveness in NBA basketball: Analysis of collective interactions. Kinesiology, 50(2.), 218-227.
• Çene, E. (2018). What is the difference between a winning and a losing team: insights from Euroleague basketball. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 18(1), 55-68.
• Dean, O. (2001). Statistical effects of proposed NBA rule changes. Journal of basketball studies. Drust, B. (2010). Performance analysis research: Meeting the challenge. Journal of sports sciences. 28. 921-2. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640411003740769.
• Erčulj, F., & Štrumbelj, E. (2015). Basketball shot types and shot success in different levels of competitive basketball. PloS one, 10(6), e0128885.
• Fichman, M., & O’Brien, J. (2017). Three point shooting and efficient mixed strategies: A portfolio management approach. Journal of Sports Analytics. 4. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3233/JSA-160154.
• Franks, I., & Hughes, M. (2007). The Essentials of Performance Analysis: An Introduction (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203938065
• Ibáñez, S., Sampaio, J., Feu, S., Lorenzo, A., Gómez, M., & Ortega, E. (2008). Basketball game-related statistics that discriminate between teams’ season-long success. European Journal of Sport Science, 8, 369 - 372. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461390802261470
• Karipidis, A., Fotinakis, P., Taxildaris, K., & Fatouros, J. (2001). Factors characterizing a successful performance in basketball. Journal of Human Movement Studies. 41. 385-397.
• Kubatko, J., Oliver, D., Pelton, K., & Rosenbaum, D. T. (2007). A starting point for analyzing basketball statistics. Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports, 3(3).
• Mandić, R., Jakovljević, S., Erčulj, F., & Štrumbelj, E. (2019). Trends in NBA and Euroleague basketball: Analysis and comparison of statistical data from 2000 to 2017. PloS one, 14(10), e0223524.
• Mateus, N., Goncalves, B., Abade, E., Leite, N., Gomez, M. A., & Sampaio, J. (2017). Performance profiles in NBA playoffs: differences between the first and the last game of the series. Motricidade, 13(1), 183+.
• Mavridis, G., Evangelos, T., Alexandros, K., & Laios, A. (2009). The inside game in World Basketball. Comparison between European and NBA teams. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. 9. 157-164. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2009.11868473.
• Mikołajec, K., Banyś, D., Żurowska-Cegielska, J., Zawartka, M., & Gryko, K. (2021). How to Win the Basketball Euroleague? Game Performance Determining Sports Results During 2003–2016 Matches. Journal of Human Kinetics, 77(1), 287-296.
• Paulauskas, R., Masiulis, N., Vaquera, A., Figueira, B., & Sampaio, J. (2018). Basketball Game-Related Statistics that Discriminate Between European Players Competing in the NBA and In the Euroleague. Journal of human kinetics, 65, 225–233. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2018-0030
• Petway, A. J., Freitas, T. T., Calleja-González, J., Medina Leal, D., & Alcaraz, P. E. (2020). Training load and match-play demands in basketball based on competition level: A systematic review. PloS one, 15(3), e0229212.
• Piette, J., Anand, S., & Zhang, K. (2010). Scoring and shooting abilities of NBA players. Journal of Quantitative analysis in sports, 6(1).
• Sampaio, J., & Janeira, M. (2003). Statistical analyses of basketball team performance: Understanding teams' wins and losses according to a different index of ball possessions. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. 3. 40-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2003.11868273.
• Scanlan, A. T., Wen, N., Spiteri, T., Milanović, Z., Conte, D., Guy, J. H., Delextrat, A., & Dalbo, V. J. (2018). Dribble Deficit: A novel method to measure dribbling speed independent of sprinting speed in basketball players. Journal of sports sciences, 36(22), 2596–2602. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1470217
• Selmanović, A., Škegro, D., & Milanović, D. (2015). Basic characteristics of offensive modalities in the Euroleague and the NBA. Acta Kinesiol, 9, 83-87.
• Strumbelj, E., Vračar, P., Robnik-Šikonja, M., Dežman, B., & Erčulj, F. (2013). A decade of Euroleague basketball: an analysis of trends and recent rule change effects. Journal of human kinetics, 38, 183–189. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0058
• Suárez-Cadenas, E., & Courel-Ibáñez, J. (2017). Shooting strategies and effectiveness after offensive rebound and its impact on game result in Euroleague basketball teams. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 17(3), 217-222.