KAMU VE ÖZEL SEKTÖRÜN ÇEVRE KALİTESİNE ETKİSİ: OECD ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 152 - 166, 31.12.2025

Beynaz Ari , Ali Balkı

https://doi.org/10.46737/emid.1826502

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kamu ve özel sektörün çevre kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerini 1997-2021 dönemi itibarıyla OECD örnekleminde araştırmaktır. Çalışmada çevre kalitesinin göstergesi olarak yük kapasite faktörü, kamu sektörünü temsilen merkezi yönetim kamu harcamaları, özel sektörü temsilen ise endüstrileşme oranı kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca model, kişi başına düşen gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla, yenilenebilir enerji ve fosil yakıt tüketimi değişkenleriyle desteklenmiştir. Çalışmanın özgün değeri, kamu ve özel sektörün çevre kalitesi üzerindeki etkisini tek modelde ve OECD örnekleminde analiz etmesidir. PMG-ARDL yöntemi aracılığıyla yapılan uzun dönem katsayı tahminlerine göre, fosil yakıt tüketimi, gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla ve endüstrileşme oranındaki artışlar çevre kalitesini bozmaktadır. Yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi ve kamu harcamalarındaki artışlar ise çevre kalitesini olumlu etkilemektedir. Çalışmanın bulgularından hareketle özel sektörün yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları, vergi teşvikleri ya da sübvansiyonlarla teşvik edilmelidir. Firmaların fosil yakıt tüketimini azaltmak için yasal sınırlar belirlenebilir ya da fosil yakıt tüketimi yüksek olan firmalara verilen devlet destekleri azaltılabilir. Piyasa ekonomisinin çevre kalitesini bozucu etkilerini azaltmak için enerji verimliliğini artıran teknolojilerin kullanımı ya da bu alandaki Ar-Ge yatırımları teşvik edilmelidir. Ayrıca, çevreyi korumaya yönelik yapılan kamu harcamalarına devam edilmesi, çevresel alt yapıyı güçlendirecek kamu projelerinin hayata geçirilmesi yerinde olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yük kapasite faktörü , kamu sektörü , özel sektör , enerji tüketimi

Etik Beyan

Etik kurul iznine gerek yoktur.

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

yok

THE IMPACT OF THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY: THE CASE OF OECD

Öz

This study aims to investigate the impacts of the public and private sectors on environmental quality in an OECD sample for the period 1997-2021. The study utilizes the load capacity factor as an indicator of environmental quality, central government expenditures as a representative of the public sector, and the industrialization rate as a proxy for the private sector. Furthermore, the model is supported by variables such as per capita gross domestic product, renewable energy, and fossil fuel consumption. The unique value of this study lies in analyzing the impact of both the public and private sectors on environmental quality within a single model and an OECD sample. According to long-term coefficient estimates obtained using the PMG-ARDL method, increases in fossil fuel consumption, gross domestic product, and the industrialization rate all degrade environmental quality. Increases in renewable energy consumption and public expenditures, on the other hand, have a positive impact on environmental quality. Based on the study's findings, private sector investments in renewable energy should be encouraged through tax incentives or subsidies. Legal limits could be set to reduce firms' fossil fuel consumption, or government support provided to firms with high fossil fuel consumption could be reduced. To mitigate the detrimental effects of a market economy on environmental quality, the use of technologies that increase energy efficiency or investments in R&D in this area should be encouraged. Additionally, it would be prudent to continue public expenditures on environmental protection and implement public projects that enhance the environmental infrastructure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Load capacity factor , public sector , private sector , energy consumption

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

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