Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 145 - 154, 30.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.46737/emid.989502

Öz

Underlying research tries to assess the impact of the credit rating monitoring on the working capital management and thus the impact on the overall profitability of the non-financial FTSE 100 firms. We used Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Tobin Q as the profıtabiliy proxies. The first two measures represent the accounting firm's performance, while the latter is used as market profitability. The Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) was used in this study to proxy working capital like many others in the preceding literature. Our findings suggest that aggressive working capital management is still the key to corporate profitability for non-financial FTSE100 firms when ROE is used. However, it supports the conservative working capital policy when Tobin Q is employed as a profitability measure. Nevertheless, when credit rating agency monitoring is in place, we can disclose a different story. Findings from this study using the System GMM methodology outline that when credit rating agencies' credit rating monitoring is in place, firms tend to spread the time for CCC. Relative to the previous statement, the firms that are not monitored are likely to shorten the CCC for attaining a higher profit level for the accounting measures of ROA and ROE. Nevertheless, we could not be able to find similar results with the Random effect (RE) models. We believe that the endogenous nature of the variables used in this study could trigger the insignificant impact of credit rating monitoring while using the RE models.

Kaynakça

  • Acharya, V. V., Almeida, H., & Campello, M. (2007). Is cash negative debt? A hedging perspective on corporate financial policies. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 16(4), pp. 515-554.
  • Afza, T., & Nazir, M. S. (2008). Working capital approaches and firm's returns in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS), 1, pp. 25-36.
  • Almeida, H., Campello, M., & Weisbach, M. S. (2004). The cash flow sensitivity of cash. The Journal of Finance, 59(4), pp. 1777-1804.
  • Arellano, M., & Bover, O. (1995). Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models. Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), pp. 29-51. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(94)01642-D Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030440769401642D
  • Baños-Caballero, S., García-Teruel, P. J., & Martínez-Solano, P. (2010). Working capital management in SMEs. Accounting & Finance, 50(3), pp. 511-527.
  • Baños-Caballero, S., García-Teruel, P. J., & Martínez-Solano, P. (2014). Working capital management, corporate performance, and financial constraints. Journal of Business Research, 67(3), pp. 332-338. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.01.016
  • Besley, S., & Brigham, E. F. (2008). Essentials of managerial finance: Thomson South-Western.
  • Blundell, R., & Bond, S. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), pp. 115-143.
  • Bond, S. R., Hoeffler, A., & Temple, J. R. (2001). GMM estimation of empirical growth models.
  • Chang, C.-C. (2018). Cash conversion cycle and corporate performance: Global evidence. International Review of Economics & Finance, 56, pp. 568-581. doi:10.1016/j.iref.2017.12.014
  • Cielen, A., Peeters, L., & Vanhoof, K. (2004). Bankruptcy prediction using a data envelopment analysis. European Journal of Operational Research, 154(2), pp. 526-532.
  • Dalci, I., & Ozyapici, H. (2018). Working capital management policy in health care: The effect of leverage. Health Policy, 122(11), pp. 1266-1272. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2018.09.012 Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30274937
  • Davydenko, S. A. (2013). Insolvency, illiquidity, and the risk of default. Unpublished Work. University of Toronto. Toronto.
  • Deloof, M. (2003). Does Working Capital Management Affect Profitability of Belgian Firms? Journal of Business Finance Accounting, 30(3-4), pp. 573-588. doi:10.1111/1468-5957.00008 Joe, D. Y., & Oh, F. D. (2018). Credit ratings and corporate cash holdings: Evidence from Korea's corporate reform after the 1997 Asian financial crisis. Japan and the World Economy, 45, pp. 9-18.
  • Karaduman, H. A., Akbas, H. E., Ozsozgun, A., & Durer, S. (2010). Effects of working capital management on profitability: the case for selected companies in the Istanbul stock exchange (2005-2008). International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies, 2(2), pp. 47-54.
  • Khieu, H. D., & Pyles, M. K. (2012). The influence of a credit rating change on corporate cash holdings and their marginal value. Financial Review, 47(2), pp. 351-373.
  • Kling, G., Paul, S. Y., & Gonis, E. (2014). Cash holding, trade credit and access to short-term bank finance. International Review of Financial Analysis, 32, pp. 123-131.
  • Lyroudi, K., & Lazaridis, Y. (2000). The cash conversion cycle and liquidity analysis of the food industry in Greece. Myers, S. C. (1984). The Capital Structure Puzzle. Journal of Finance, 39(3), pp. 575-592. Retrieved from <Go to ISI>://WOS:A1984TB28800001
  • Opler, T., Pinkowitz, L., Stulz, R., & Williamson, R. (1999). The determinants and implications of corporate cash holdings. Journal of Financial Economics, 52(1), pp. 3-46. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(99)00003-3
  • Sargon, B., & Katircioğlu, S. (2019). The role of innovation in venture capital: empirical evidence from European Union and EFTA countries. Applied Economics Letters, 26(4), pp. 335-340. doi:10.1080/13504851.2018.1470310 Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13504851.2018.1470310?needAccess=true
  • Shin, H.-H., & Soenen, H. L. (1998). Efficiency of working capital and corporate profitability. Financial Practice & Education, 8(2), pp. 37-45.
  • Stock, J. H., & Yogo, M. (2002). Testing for weak instruments in linear IV regression 0898-2937).
  • Uyar, A. (2009). The relationship of cash conversion cycle with firm size and profitability: an empirical investigation in Turkey. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 24(2), pp. 186-193.
  • Wang, B. (2019). The cash conversion cycle spread. Journal of Financial Economics, 133(2), pp. 472-497.
  • Yazdanfar, D., & Öhman, P. (2014). The impact of cash conversion cycle on firm profitability: An empirical study based on Swedish data. International Journal of Managerial Finance, 10(4), pp. 442-452.

THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 145 - 154, 30.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.46737/emid.989502

Öz

Underlying research tries to assess the impact of the credit rating monitoring on the working capital management and thus the impact on the overall profitability of the non-financial FTSE 100 firms. We used Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Tobin Q as the profıtabiliy proxies. The first two measures represent the accounting firm's performance, while the latter is used as market profitability. The Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) was used in this study to proxy working capital like many others in the preceding literature. Our findings suggest that aggressive working capital management is still the key to corporate profitability for non-financial FTSE100 firms when ROE is used. However, it supports the conservative working capital policy when Tobin Q is employed as a profitability measure. Nevertheless, when credit rating agency monitoring is in place, we can disclose a different story. Findings from this study using the System GMM methodology outline that when credit rating agencies' credit rating monitoring is in place, firms tend to spread the time for CCC. Relative to the previous statement, the firms that are not monitored are likely to shorten the CCC for attaining a higher profit level for the accounting measures of ROA and ROE. Nevertheless, we could not be able to find similar results with the Random effect (RE) models. We believe that the endogenous nature of the variables used in this study could trigger the insignificant impact of credit rating monitoring while using the RE models.

Kaynakça

  • Acharya, V. V., Almeida, H., & Campello, M. (2007). Is cash negative debt? A hedging perspective on corporate financial policies. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 16(4), pp. 515-554.
  • Afza, T., & Nazir, M. S. (2008). Working capital approaches and firm's returns in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS), 1, pp. 25-36.
  • Almeida, H., Campello, M., & Weisbach, M. S. (2004). The cash flow sensitivity of cash. The Journal of Finance, 59(4), pp. 1777-1804.
  • Arellano, M., & Bover, O. (1995). Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models. Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), pp. 29-51. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(94)01642-D Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030440769401642D
  • Baños-Caballero, S., García-Teruel, P. J., & Martínez-Solano, P. (2010). Working capital management in SMEs. Accounting & Finance, 50(3), pp. 511-527.
  • Baños-Caballero, S., García-Teruel, P. J., & Martínez-Solano, P. (2014). Working capital management, corporate performance, and financial constraints. Journal of Business Research, 67(3), pp. 332-338. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.01.016
  • Besley, S., & Brigham, E. F. (2008). Essentials of managerial finance: Thomson South-Western.
  • Blundell, R., & Bond, S. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), pp. 115-143.
  • Bond, S. R., Hoeffler, A., & Temple, J. R. (2001). GMM estimation of empirical growth models.
  • Chang, C.-C. (2018). Cash conversion cycle and corporate performance: Global evidence. International Review of Economics & Finance, 56, pp. 568-581. doi:10.1016/j.iref.2017.12.014
  • Cielen, A., Peeters, L., & Vanhoof, K. (2004). Bankruptcy prediction using a data envelopment analysis. European Journal of Operational Research, 154(2), pp. 526-532.
  • Dalci, I., & Ozyapici, H. (2018). Working capital management policy in health care: The effect of leverage. Health Policy, 122(11), pp. 1266-1272. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2018.09.012 Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30274937
  • Davydenko, S. A. (2013). Insolvency, illiquidity, and the risk of default. Unpublished Work. University of Toronto. Toronto.
  • Deloof, M. (2003). Does Working Capital Management Affect Profitability of Belgian Firms? Journal of Business Finance Accounting, 30(3-4), pp. 573-588. doi:10.1111/1468-5957.00008 Joe, D. Y., & Oh, F. D. (2018). Credit ratings and corporate cash holdings: Evidence from Korea's corporate reform after the 1997 Asian financial crisis. Japan and the World Economy, 45, pp. 9-18.
  • Karaduman, H. A., Akbas, H. E., Ozsozgun, A., & Durer, S. (2010). Effects of working capital management on profitability: the case for selected companies in the Istanbul stock exchange (2005-2008). International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies, 2(2), pp. 47-54.
  • Khieu, H. D., & Pyles, M. K. (2012). The influence of a credit rating change on corporate cash holdings and their marginal value. Financial Review, 47(2), pp. 351-373.
  • Kling, G., Paul, S. Y., & Gonis, E. (2014). Cash holding, trade credit and access to short-term bank finance. International Review of Financial Analysis, 32, pp. 123-131.
  • Lyroudi, K., & Lazaridis, Y. (2000). The cash conversion cycle and liquidity analysis of the food industry in Greece. Myers, S. C. (1984). The Capital Structure Puzzle. Journal of Finance, 39(3), pp. 575-592. Retrieved from <Go to ISI>://WOS:A1984TB28800001
  • Opler, T., Pinkowitz, L., Stulz, R., & Williamson, R. (1999). The determinants and implications of corporate cash holdings. Journal of Financial Economics, 52(1), pp. 3-46. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(99)00003-3
  • Sargon, B., & Katircioğlu, S. (2019). The role of innovation in venture capital: empirical evidence from European Union and EFTA countries. Applied Economics Letters, 26(4), pp. 335-340. doi:10.1080/13504851.2018.1470310 Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13504851.2018.1470310?needAccess=true
  • Shin, H.-H., & Soenen, H. L. (1998). Efficiency of working capital and corporate profitability. Financial Practice & Education, 8(2), pp. 37-45.
  • Stock, J. H., & Yogo, M. (2002). Testing for weak instruments in linear IV regression 0898-2937).
  • Uyar, A. (2009). The relationship of cash conversion cycle with firm size and profitability: an empirical investigation in Turkey. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 24(2), pp. 186-193.
  • Wang, B. (2019). The cash conversion cycle spread. Journal of Financial Economics, 133(2), pp. 472-497.
  • Yazdanfar, D., & Öhman, P. (2014). The impact of cash conversion cycle on firm profitability: An empirical study based on Swedish data. International Journal of Managerial Finance, 10(4), pp. 442-452.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Saygun Kerem Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-2195-7253

Boren Sargon 0000-0002-1105-216X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kerem, S., & Sargon, B. (2021). THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES. Ekonomi Maliye İşletme Dergisi, 4(2), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.46737/emid.989502
AMA Kerem S, Sargon B. THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES. Ekonomi Maliye İşletme Dergisi. Aralık 2021;4(2):145-154. doi:10.46737/emid.989502
Chicago Kerem, Saygun, ve Boren Sargon. “THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES”. Ekonomi Maliye İşletme Dergisi 4, sy. 2 (Aralık 2021): 145-54. https://doi.org/10.46737/emid.989502.
EndNote Kerem S, Sargon B (01 Aralık 2021) THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES. Ekonomi Maliye İşletme Dergisi 4 2 145–154.
IEEE S. Kerem ve B. Sargon, “THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES”, Ekonomi Maliye İşletme Dergisi, c. 4, sy. 2, ss. 145–154, 2021, doi: 10.46737/emid.989502.
ISNAD Kerem, Saygun - Sargon, Boren. “THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES”. Ekonomi Maliye İşletme Dergisi 4/2 (Aralık 2021), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.46737/emid.989502.
JAMA Kerem S, Sargon B. THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES. Ekonomi Maliye İşletme Dergisi. 2021;4:145–154.
MLA Kerem, Saygun ve Boren Sargon. “THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES”. Ekonomi Maliye İşletme Dergisi, c. 4, sy. 2, 2021, ss. 145-54, doi:10.46737/emid.989502.
Vancouver Kerem S, Sargon B. THE WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY OF LISTED FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM CREDIT RATINGS ON FTSE 100 COMPANIES. Ekonomi Maliye İşletme Dergisi. 2021;4(2):145-54.