Mobil Sağlık Uygulamalarına Genel Bir Bakış ve Özgün Bir Mobil Sağlık Uygulaması Geliştirilmesi

Öz

Hem mobil uygulama teknolojilerinde ortaya çıkan modern gelişmeler hem de sağlık konusunun daha fazla önem kazanması ile mobil sağlık uygulamaları önemli bir araştırma ve geliştirme alanı statüsü kazanmıştır. Bu makalede, mobil sağlık uygulamaları konusuna genel bir bakış yapılmakta, başarı için önemli hususlar tartışılmakta ve iyileşmeye açık alanlar belirtilmektedir. Ek olarak, mobil sağlık uygulamaları bağlamında öne çıkan birtakım örneklere yer verilmektedir. Bu makalede ayrıca, mobil sağlık uygulamaları alanının mevcut durumu ve geleceğine yönelik bazı tespit ve değerlendirmelere yer verilmektedir. Bunlara ilave olarak, bu makalede, ofis çalışanları (bilgisayar veya masa başında bütün gün görece hareketsiz olarak çalışan altın veya beyaz yakalı çalışanlar) için daha sağlıklı bir çalışmayı desteklemek için tasarlanan HWOW (Ofis Çalışanları için Daha Sağlıklı Çalışma) adlı özgün bir mobil sağlık uygulaması takdim edilmektedir. Dahası, HWOW ile ilgili ne, nasıl ve neden sorularına verilen cevaplar, HWOW’ın geliştirme süreci hakkında bilgiler, asgari uygun ürüne karar vermek için uygulanan anket sonuçları, HWOW’ın benzer birtakım uygulamalardan farklılıkları ve HWOW’ın temel özellikleri konularında kapsamlı bilgiler bu makalede açıklanmaktadır. Bu makalenin mobil sağlık uygulamaları alanı ile ilgilenen uygulama geliştiriciler, politikacılar ve araştırmacılar için yararlı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sağlık
• m-sağlık
• mobil sağlık uygulaması
• hwow
• çalışma hayatı
• sağlıklı yaşam
• sağlık bilişimi

An Overview of Mobile Health Applications and Development of an Original Mobile Health Application

Öz

Owing to the contemporary developments in mobile application technologies and the increasing importance of health, mobile health applications have gained the status of a noteworthy research and development space. This article provides an overview of mobile health applications, discusses fundamental issues for success, and highlights relevant areas for improvement. Moreover, a number of the notable applications in the context of mobile health applications area are provided. This article also includes comments and evaluations regarding the current status and future of mobile health applications. Additionally, in this article, an original mobile health application named HWOW (Healthier Work for Office Workers) designed to support a healthier work for office workers (gold or white-collar workers who work relatively sedentary all day at a computer or desk) is presented. Besides, all the details are given regarding answers to what, how and why questions about HWOW, information about HWOW’s development process, the results of the survey applied to decide on the minimum viable product, HWOW’s differences from similar applications, and HWOW’s features. It is evaluated that this article might be beneficial for relevant mobile health application developers, policymakers, and researchers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Health
• m-health
• mobile health application
• hwow
• work life
• healthy living
• health informatics

Kaynakça

1. H. Oh, C. Rizo, M. Enkin, A. Jadad, J. Powell, and C. Pagliari, “What Is eHealth (3): A Systematic Review of Published Definitions,” J. Med. Internet Res., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–12, Feb. 2005, doi: 10.2196/jmir.7.1.e1.
2. V. Della Mea, “What is e-Health (2): The death of telemedicine?,” J. Med. Internet Res., vol. 3, no. 2, p. e22, Jun. 2001, doi: 10.2196/jmir.3.2.e22.
3. WHO, “New horizons for health through mobile technologies: second global survey on eHealth,” Geneva: World Health Organization, Jun. 2010.
4. S. Agarwal et al., “Guidelines for reporting of health interventions using mobile phones: mobile health (mHealth) evidence reporting and assessment (mERA) checklist,” BMJ, vol. 352, p. i1174, Mar. 2016, doi: 10.1136/bmj.i1174.
5. S. R. Steinhubl, E. D. Muse, and E. J. Topol, “Can Mobile Health Technologies Transform Health Care?,” JAMA, vol. 310, no. 22, pp. 2395–2396, Dec. 2013, doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.281078.
6. R. S. H. Istepanian and T. Al-Anzi, “m-Health 2.0: New perspectives on mobile health, machine learning and big data analytics,” Methods, vol. 151, no. June, pp. 34–40, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.05.015.
7. D. Vogel, D. Viehland, N. Wickramasinghe, and J. M. Mula, “Mobile health,” Electron. Mark., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 3–4, Mar. 2013, doi: 10.1007/s12525-013-0121-y.
8. L. Leung and C. Chen, “E-health/m-health adoption and lifestyle improvements: Exploring the roles of technology readiness, the expectation-confirmation model, and health-related information activities,” Telecomm. Policy, vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 563–575, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.telpol.2019.01.005.

9. J. Zhao, B. Freeman, and M. Li, “Can Mobile Phone Apps Influence People’s Health Behavior Change? An Evidence Review,” J. Med. Internet Res., vol. 18, no. 11, p. e287, Nov. 2016, doi: 10.2196/jmir.5692.
10. X. Lai, Q. Liu, X. Wei, W. Wang, G. Zhou, and G. Han, “A Survey of Body Sensor Networks,” Sensors, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 5406–5447, Apr. 2013, doi: 10.3390/s130505406.
11. F. Ghahramani and J. Wang, “Impact of Smartphones on Quality of Life: A Health Information Behavior Perspective,” Inf. Syst. Front., vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 1275–1290, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s10796-019-09931-z.
12. B. Klimova, “Mobile Health Devices for Aging Population Groups: A Review Study,” in Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), vol. 9847 LNCS, Springer Verlag, 2016, pp. 295–301.
13. M. Degerli, “A Mobile Health Application for Healthy Living: HWOW (Healthier Work for Office Workers),” in 2020 Turkish National Software Engineering Symposium (UYMS), Oct. 2020, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/UYMS50627.2020.9247024.
14. M. A. LoPresti et al., “Clinical Trials Using Mobile Health Applications,” Pharmaceut. Med., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 17–25, Feb. 2015, doi: 10.1007/s40290-015-0085-7.
15. M. J. Duncan and G. S. Kolt, “Learning from community-led and co-designed m-health interventions,” Lancet Digit. Heal., vol. 1, no. 6, pp. e248–e249, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.1016/S2589-7500(19)30125-6.
16. A. Puig-Ribera et al., “Impact of a workplace ‘sit less, move more’ program on efficiency-related outcomes of office employees,” BMC Public Health, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 455, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4367-8.
17. M. Z. Goraczek et al., “Mobile Health ID Card,” in Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), vol. 10748 LNCS, Springer Verlag, 2018, pp. 394–402.
18. J. Osborn, A. Ajakaiye, T. Cooksley, and C. P. Subbe, “Do mHealth applications improve clinical outcomes of patients with cancer? A critical appraisal of the peer-reviewed literature,” Support. Care Cancer, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 1469–1479, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s00520-019-04945-4.
19. K. Trang, P. S. Sullivan, D. E. Hinton, C. M. Worthman, M. G. Le, and T. Jovanovic, “Feasibility, acceptability, and design of a mobile health application for high-risk men who have sex with men in Hanoi, Vietnam,” Lancet Glob. Heal., vol. 8, p. S14, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30155-8.
20. L. Halili, R. Liu, K. A. Hutchinson, K. Semeniuk, L. M. Redman, and K. B. Adamo, “Development and pilot evaluation of a pregnancy-specific mobile health tool: a qualitative investigation of SmartMoms Canada,” BMC Med. Inform. Decis. Mak., vol. 18, no. 1, p. 95, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1186/s12911-018-0705-8.
21. F. Wu, H. Zhao, Y. Zhao, and H. Zhong, “Development of a Wearable-Sensor-Based Fall Detection System,” Int. J. Telemed. Appl., vol. 2015, pp. 1–11, 2015, doi: 10.1155/2015/576364.
22. S. Attwood, H. Parke, J. Larsen, and K. L. Morton, “Using a mobile health application to reduce alcohol consumption: a mixed-methods evaluation of the drinkaware track & calculate units application,” BMC Public Health, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 394, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4358-9.
23. V. L. A. Berauk, M. K. Murugiah, Y. C. Soh, Y. C. Sheng, T. W. Wong, and L. C. Ming, “Mobile Health Applications for Caring of Older People: Review and Comparison,” Ther. Innov. Regul. Sci., vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 374–382, May 2018, doi: 10.1177/2168479017725556.
24. E. Alepis and C. Lambrinidis, “M-health: supporting automated diagnosis and electonic health records,” Springerplus, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 103, Dec. 2013, doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-103.
25. H. Kim et al., “Mobile Health Application and e-Health Literacy: Opportunities and Concerns for Cancer Patients and Caregivers,” J. Cancer Educ., vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 3–8, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.1007/s13187-017-1293-5.
26. I. D. Lestantri, Putrima, A. Sabiq, and E. Suherlan, “Developing and pilot testing M-health care application for pregnant and toddlers based on user experience,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 978, no. 1, p. 012067, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/978/1/012067.
27. G. Andria et al., “A novel approach for design and testing digital m-health applications,” in 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings, May 2015, pp. 440–444, doi: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145244.
28. M. Paschou, E. Sakkopoulos, and A. Tsakalidis, “easyHealthApps: e-Health Apps Dynamic Generation for Smartphones & Tablets,” J. Med. Syst., vol. 37, no. 3, p. 9951, Jun. 2013, doi: 10.1007/s10916-013-9951-6.
29. K. Han, M. Jung, and J. Cho, “Implementation of the personal healthcare services on automotive environments,” Pers. Ubiquitous Comput., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 523–533, Mar. 2014, doi: 10.1007/s00779-013-0672-0.
30. S. Riaz and C. Sykes, “Are smartphone health applications effective in modifying obesity and smoking behaviours? A systematic review,” Health Technol. (Berl)., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 73–81, Jul. 2015, doi: 10.1007/s12553-015-0104-4.
31. A. Väänänen, K. Haataja, M. Asikainen, I. Jantunen, and P. Toivanen, “Mobile Health Applications: A Comparative Analysis and a Novel Mobile Health Platform,” in Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST, vol. 143, Springer Verlag, 2015, pp. 71–81.
32. O. Banos et al., “Design, implementation and validation of a novel open framework for agile development of mobile health applications,” Biomed. Eng. Online, vol. 14, no. Suppl 2, p. S6, Aug. 2015, doi: 10.1186/1475-925X-14-S2-S6.
33. M. Ahmad, M. B. Amin, S. Hussain, B. H. Kang, T. Cheong, and S. Lee, “Health Fog: a novel framework for health and wellness applications,” J. Supercomput., vol. 72, no. 10, pp. 3677–3695, Oct. 2016, doi: 10.1007/s11227-016-1634-x.
34. J. Bravo, R. Hervás, J. Fontecha, and I. González, “m-Health: Lessons Learned by m-Experiences,” Sensors, vol. 18, no. 5, p. 1569, May 2018, doi: 10.3390/s18051569.
35. J. N. S. Rubí and P. R. de L. Gondim, “Interoperable Internet of Medical Things platform for e-Health applications,” Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Networks, vol. 16, no. 1, p. 155014771988959, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1177/1550147719889591.
36. A. Gorini, K. Mazzocco, S. Triberti, V. Sebri, L. Savioni, and G. Pravettoni, “A P5 Approach to m-Health: Design Suggestions for Advanced Mobile Health Technology,” Front. Psychol., vol. 9, no. October, pp. 1–8, Oct. 2018, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02066.
37. E. Jovanov, “Wireless Technology and System Integration in Body Area Networks for m-Health Applications,” in 2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference, 2005, pp. 7158–7160, doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2005.1616158.
38. J. F. Jones, S. A. Hook, S. C. Park, and L. M. Scott, “Privacy, Security and Interoperability of Mobile Health Applications,” in Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Context Diversity., vol. 6767, 2011, pp. 46–55.
39. B. Martínez-Pérez, I. de la Torre-Díez, and M. López-Coronado, “Privacy and Security in Mobile Health Apps: A Review and Recommendations,” J. Med. Syst., vol. 39, no. 1, p. 181, Jan. 2015, doi: 10.1007/s10916-014-0181-3.
40. K. Knorr, D. Aspinall, and M. Wolters, “On the Privacy, Security and Safety of Blood Pressure and Diabetes Apps,” in IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2015, vol. 455, H. Federrath and D. Gollmann, Eds. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015, pp. 571–584.
41. P. Olla and C. Shimskey, “mHealth taxonomy: a literature survey of mobile health applications,” Health Technol. (Berl)., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 299–308, Apr. 2015, doi: 10.1007/s12553-014-0093-8.
42. B. Roy, M. Call, and N. Abts, “Development of Usability Guidelines for Mobile Health Applications,” in Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 1034, Springer Verlag, 2019, pp. 500–506.
43. M. N. Islam, I. Islam, K. M. Munim, and A. K. M. N. Islam, “A Review on the Mobile Applications Developed for COVID-19: An Exploratory Analysis,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 145601–145610, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3015102.
44. T. I. I. Bessin, A. W. P. Ouédraogo, and F. Guinko, “Mobile Health Applications Future Trends and Challenges,” in Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST, vol. 311 LNICST, Springer, 2020, pp. 202–211.
45. A. Porras-Segovia, I. Díaz-Oliván, L. Gutiérrez-Rojas, H. Dunne, M. Moreno, and E. Baca-García, “Apps for Depression: Are They Ready to Work?,” Curr. Psychiatry Rep., vol. 22, no. 3, p. 11, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11920-020-1134-9.
46. S. L. Söylemez, N. Uçar, M. Sancar, B. Okuyan, and G. Üstün, “Assessment of the pharmacy students e-health literacy and mobile health application utilization,” J. Res. Pharm., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 1–7, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.35333/jrp.2020.125.
47. E. Mantovani and P. C. Bocos, “Are mHealth Apps Safe? The Intended Purpose Rule, Its Shortcomings and the Regulatory Options Under the EU Medical Device Framework,” in Mobile e-Health, Human–Computer Interaction Series, H.R. Marston et al., Ed. Springer International Publishing, 2017, pp. 251–275.
48. U. Sarkar et al., “Usability of Commercially Available Mobile Applications for Diverse Patients,” J. Gen. Intern. Med., vol. 31, no. 12, pp. 1417–1426, Dec. 2016, doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3771-6.
49. S. W. Davis and I. Oakley-Girvan, “Achieving value in mobile health applications for cancer survivors,” J. Cancer Surviv., vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 498–504, Aug. 2017, doi: 10.1007/s11764-017-0608-1.
50. Y. Alnsour, B. Hazarika, and J. Khuntia, “Health apps’ functionalities, effectiveness, and evaluation,” in Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 2017, vol. 296, pp. 13–21, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-69644-7_2.
51. A. Nunes, T. Limpo, and S. L. Castro, “Individual Factors that Influence the Acceptance of Mobile Health Apps: The Role of Age, Gender, and Personality Traits,” in Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 982, Springer Verlag, 2019, pp. 167–179.