Sürekli Mıknatıslı Senkron Motorlarda Doğrudan Moment Kontrolünün İncelenmesi ve Benzetim Çalışmasının Gerçekleştirilmesi / Analysis and Realization of Simulation Study on Direct Torque Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3, 1 - 6, 09.10.2012

Selin Özçıra , Nur Bekiroğlu , İbrahim Şenol , Engin Ayçiçek

Öz

Özet

Son yıllarda sürekli mıknatıslı senkron motorlar yüksek güç yoğunluğu, moment ve verim gibi avantajlarından dolayı yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Sürekli mıknatıslı senkron motorun (SMSM) rotoruna yerleştirilmiş sürekli mıknatıslar sabit alan akısı ürettiklerinden, rotor akımının değişimi klasik tip senkron motorlarda olduğu gibi kolaylıkla kontrol edilemez. Bu amaçla vektör kontrolü ve vektör kontrolünde moment kontrolünü kolaylaştıran doğrudan moment kontrolü yöntemleri SMSM'nin kontrolünde yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada sürekli mıknatıslı senkron motorun doğrudan moment kontrolü (DTC) incelenmiş ve referans eksen dönüşümleri kullanılarak MATLABTM tabanlı bir benzetim çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. DTC ile motor ve yük parametrelerinin değişimlerinden etkilenmeden, motorun moment ile akısını etkin bir şekilde ve istenen yörüngede doğrudan kontrol etmek mümkün olduğu görülmüştür.

 

Abstract

In recent years, permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are widely used because of their advantages such as

high power density, high torque and high efficiency. Due to the fact that the permanent magnets which are placed in a permanent magnet synchronous motor's rotor produce fixed field, the change of rotor current can not be easily controlled as in the classical synchronous motors. Therefore, vector control and direct torque control which simplifies the torque in the theory of vector control have been commonly used for control of PMSM. In this study, direct torque control (DTC) of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is analyzed and MATLABTM based simulation work is carried out by using the reference frame transformations. It is observed that DTC is feasible to control torque and flux without effects of the motor parameter and load variations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

-

Kaynakça

• Depenbrock, M., “DTC leans on the theory of fieldoriented control of induction machines and the theory of direct self-control”, Etz-Archive BD.7, H7, pp. 211-218, 1985.
• Takahashi I., Noguchi T., “A New Quick Response and High-Efficiency Control Strategy of an Induction Motor”, IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, Vol.IA-22, No. 5, pp. 820-827, 1986.
• Zhong, L.; Rahman, M. F.; Hu, W. Y. & Lim, K. W., “Analysis of Direct Torque Control in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives”, IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, Vol.12, No.3, pp. 528-536, 1997.
• Zhong, L.; Rahman, M. F.; Hu, W. Y.; Lim, K. W. & Rahman, M. A. “A Direct Torque Controller for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol.14, No.3 pp. 637-642, 1999.
• Rahman, M. F.; Zhong, L. & Haque, E., “Selection of Voltage Switching Tables for DTC Controlled Interior Permanent Magnet Motor”, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications Lect. The University of New South Wales, Sydney, 1999.
• Luukko, J., “Diect Torque Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines-Analysis and Implementation”, Disseration Lappeenranta University of Technology, Stockholm, 2000.
• Vaez-Zadeh, S., “Variable Flux Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives for Constant Torque Operation”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 16, No.4, pp. 527-534, 2001.
• Dariusz, S.; Martin, P. K. & Frede, B., “DSP Based Direct Torque Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using Space Vector Modulation”, Proceeding of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics ISIE, pp. 723-727, 2002.
• Balazovic, P., “3-Phase PM Synchronous Motor Torque Vector Control. Application Note DRM018, Motorola Czech System Laboratories, 2003.
• Zhao, L.; Ham, C. H.; Wu, T. X.; Zheng L.; Sundaram, K.B.; Kapat, J. & Chow, L., “DSP-Based Super High-Speed PMSM Controller Development and Optimization”, Digital Signal Processing Workshop and the 3rd IEEE Signal Processing Education Workshop, pp. 187- 190, 2004.
• Popescu, M.; Miller, T.J.E.; McGilp, M. I.; Strappazzon, G.; Trivillin, N. & Santarossa, R, “Torque Behavior of One- Phase Permanent-Magnet AC Motor”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 19-26, 2006.
• Luukko, J.; Niemela, M. & Pyrhonen, J., “Estimation of Rotor and Load Angle of Direct Torque Controlled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Drive”, IET Electronics Power Applications, Vol.1, No. 3, pp. 209-306, 2007.
• Noriega, G.; Restrepo, J.; Guzman, V. ; Gimenez, M. & Aller, J., “Direct Torque Control of PMSM using Fuzzy Logic with PWM”, Proceedings of 42nd International Universities Power Engineering Conference UPEC, pp. 203-209, 2007.
• Wang, L. & Gao, Y., “A Novel Strategy of Direct Torque Control for PMSM Drive Reducing Ripple in Torque and Flux”, Proceedings of IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference IEMDC, pp. 403-406, 2007.
• Swierczynski, D.; P. Wojcik, P.; Kazmierkowski, M. P. & Janaszek, M., “Direct Torque Controlled PWM Inverter Fed PMSM Drive for Public Transport”, Proceedings on IEEE International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control AMC, pp. 716-720, 2008.
• Guo, Y.; Xianbing, C. & Chen, C. L. P., “DTC-SVMbased Matrix Converter for a PMSM in a Vessel Electric Propulsion System”, Proc. of the IEEE Control and Decision Conference and Chinese Control Conference, pp. 3397–3401, 2009.
• Geyer, T.; Beccuti, G. A.; Papafotiou, G. & Morari, M., “Model Predictive Direct Torque Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors”, Proceedings of IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition ECCE Atlanta, pp. 1-8, 2010.
• Ozcira, S.; Bekiroglu, N.; Direct Torque Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors in “Torque Control”, Editor: Moulay Tahar Lamchich, Chapter 6, pp. 129-154, 2011.
• Bossoufi, B; Karim, M; Ionita, S; Lagrioui, A; “The Optimal Direct Torque Control of A PMSM Drive: FPGABased Implementation with Matlab & Simulink Simulation” Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 63-72, 2011.
• Ozcira, S., Bekiroglu, N., Aycicek E., “Speed Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Direc Torque Control Method, Proceedings on International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion SPEEDAM, pp. Ischia, 268-272, 2008.