The Influence of Pain and Anxiety on the Pain Perception and Outcome of Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy

Nihat Türkmen; Cemil Kutsal

doi:10.54233/endouroloji.20231502-1283969

Klinik Araştırma

BibTex

RIS

Kaynak Göster

Ağrı ve anksiyetenin ağrı algısı ve ekstrakorporeal şok dalgası litotripsinin sonucu üzerindeki etkisi

Yıl 2023, , 46 - 51, 31.05.2023

Nihat Türkmen , Cemil Kutsal

https://doi.org/10.54233/endouroloji.20231502-1283969

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada ekstrakorporal şok dalgası litotripsi (ESWL) öncesi var olan depresyon ve anksiyetenin
ESWL sırasında ağrı algısı üzerine etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ekim 2019 ile Kasım 2020 tarihleri arasında ESWL uygulanan toplam 60 böbrek taşı
hastası çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) ve taş parametreleri kaydedildi.
Hastanın anksiyete ve depresyon durumları ilk seans öncesi Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HADÖ)
ile değerlendirildi. Ağrı düzeyi birinci seanstan sonra görsel analog skala (VAS) kullanılarak değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Anksiyete, depresyon ve VAS puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p>0,05).
Anksiyete ve depresyon puanları ile işlem başarısı arasındaki ilişki de değerlendirildi ve anlamlı bir ilişki
bulunmadı (p>0,05). Ayrıca VAS skoru ile hastanın yaşı, cinsiyeti, VKİ, deriden taşa uzaklığı ve taş boyutu
arasında ilişki yoktu (p>0,05).

Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız, ESWL öncesi depresyon veya anksiyete ile işlem sonrası ölçülen VAS skoru arasında
anlamlı bir ilişki göstermemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

anksiyete, ekstrakorporeal şok dalgası litotripsi, ağrı algısı, üriner taş hastalığı

Kaynakça

1. Türk C, Petřík A, Sarica K, et al. EAU Guidelines on Diagnosis and Conservative Management of Urolithiasis. Eur Urol. 2016 Mar;69(3):468-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2015.07.040.
2. Torricelli FC, Danilovic A, Vicentini FC, et al: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the treatment of renal and ureteral stones. Rev Assoc Med Bras 2015;61:65–71. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.61.01.065.
3. Ucer O, Ceylan Y, Ekren F, Ozan E, Muezzinoglu T: Effect of anxiety and pain on success of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) for treatment of proximal ureteral and renal pelvic stones. Urolithiasis 2016;44:559–564. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-016-0879-4
4. Vergnolles M, Wallerand H, Gadrat F, et al: Predictive risk factors for pain during extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. J Endourol 2009;23:2021–2027. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2009.0111
5. Hwang I, Jung SI, Kim KH, et al: Factors influencing the failure of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with Piezolith 3000 in the management of solitary ureteral stone. Urolithiasis 2014;42:263–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-014-0641-8
6. Torrecilla Ortiz C, Rodriguez Blanco LL, Diaz Vicente F, et al. [Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: Anxiety and pain perception]. Actas Urol Espan 2000;24:163-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0210-4806(00)72423-5
7. Fillingim RB. Individual differences in pain responses. Curr Rheumatol Reports 2005;7:342-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-005-0018-7
8. El-Nahas AR, El-Assmy AM, Mansour O, et al. A prospective multivariate analysis of factors predicting stone disintegration by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: The value of high-resolution noncontrast computed tomography. Eur Urol 2007;51:1688-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2006.11.048
9. Franceschi A, Rozada P, Galerneau V, et al. [Pain and extracorporeal lithotripsy for calculi of the upper urinary tract]. Ann Urol (Paris) 1991;25:131-7.
10. Tokgoz H, Hanci V, Turksoy O, et al. Pain perception during shock wave lithotripsy: Does it correlate with patient and stone characteristics? J Chin Med Assoc 2010;73:477-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1726-4901(10)70102-7
11. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene R, et al. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Consulting Psychologists Press. 1970.
12. Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983;67:361-70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x
13. Altok M, Akpinar A, Güneş M, et al. Do anxiety, stress, or depression have any impact on pain perception during shock wave lithotripsy? Can Urol Assoc J. 2016 May-Jun;10(5-6):E171-E174. https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.3445
14. Berwin JT, El-Husseiny T, Papatsoris AG, et al. Pain in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Urol Res 2009;37:51-3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-009-0171-y
15. Salinas AS, Lorenzo-Romero J, Segura M, et al. Factors determining analgesic and sedative drug requirements during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Urol Int 1999;63:92-101. https://doi.org/10.1159/000030425
16. Tailly GG, Marcelo JB, Schneider IA, et al. Patient-controlled analgesia during SWL treatments. J Endourol 2001;15:465-71. https://doi.org/10.1089/089277901750299230
17. Kim H, Neubert JK, Rowan JS, et al. Comparison of experimental and acute clinical pain responses in humans as pain phenotypes. J Pain 2004;5:377-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2004.06.003

The Influence of Pain and Anxiety on the Pain Perception and Outcome of Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy

Yıl 2023, , 46 - 51, 31.05.2023

Nihat Türkmen , Cemil Kutsal

https://doi.org/10.54233/endouroloji.20231502-1283969

Öz

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of depression and anxiety presented before
extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) on pain perception during ESWL.

Material and Methods: A total of 60 kidney stone patients who underwent ESWL between October 2019
and November 2020 were enrolled in the study. Patients’ age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and stone parameters
were recorded. The patient’s anxiety and depression states were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety
and Depression Scale (HADS) before the first session. The pain level was assessed by using the visual analog
scale (VAS) after the first session.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the anxiety, depression, and VAS scores
(p>0.05). The association between anxiety and depression scores and the procedure’s success was also
evaluated, and no significant association was found (p>0.05). Furthermore, there was no association between
VAS score and patient’s age, sex, BMI, the distance from skin to stone, and stone size (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Our results do not show a significant correlation between pre-ESWL depression or anxiety
with the VAS score measured after the procedure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

anxiety, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, pain perception, urinary stone disease

Kaynakça

1. Türk C, Petřík A, Sarica K, et al. EAU Guidelines on Diagnosis and Conservative Management of Urolithiasis. Eur Urol. 2016 Mar;69(3):468-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2015.07.040.
2. Torricelli FC, Danilovic A, Vicentini FC, et al: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the treatment of renal and ureteral stones. Rev Assoc Med Bras 2015;61:65–71. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.61.01.065.
3. Ucer O, Ceylan Y, Ekren F, Ozan E, Muezzinoglu T: Effect of anxiety and pain on success of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) for treatment of proximal ureteral and renal pelvic stones. Urolithiasis 2016;44:559–564. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-016-0879-4
4. Vergnolles M, Wallerand H, Gadrat F, et al: Predictive risk factors for pain during extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. J Endourol 2009;23:2021–2027. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2009.0111
5. Hwang I, Jung SI, Kim KH, et al: Factors influencing the failure of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with Piezolith 3000 in the management of solitary ureteral stone. Urolithiasis 2014;42:263–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-014-0641-8
6. Torrecilla Ortiz C, Rodriguez Blanco LL, Diaz Vicente F, et al. [Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: Anxiety and pain perception]. Actas Urol Espan 2000;24:163-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0210-4806(00)72423-5
7. Fillingim RB. Individual differences in pain responses. Curr Rheumatol Reports 2005;7:342-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-005-0018-7
8. El-Nahas AR, El-Assmy AM, Mansour O, et al. A prospective multivariate analysis of factors predicting stone disintegration by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: The value of high-resolution noncontrast computed tomography. Eur Urol 2007;51:1688-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2006.11.048
9. Franceschi A, Rozada P, Galerneau V, et al. [Pain and extracorporeal lithotripsy for calculi of the upper urinary tract]. Ann Urol (Paris) 1991;25:131-7.
10. Tokgoz H, Hanci V, Turksoy O, et al. Pain perception during shock wave lithotripsy: Does it correlate with patient and stone characteristics? J Chin Med Assoc 2010;73:477-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1726-4901(10)70102-7
11. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene R, et al. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Consulting Psychologists Press. 1970.
12. Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983;67:361-70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x
13. Altok M, Akpinar A, Güneş M, et al. Do anxiety, stress, or depression have any impact on pain perception during shock wave lithotripsy? Can Urol Assoc J. 2016 May-Jun;10(5-6):E171-E174. https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.3445
14. Berwin JT, El-Husseiny T, Papatsoris AG, et al. Pain in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Urol Res 2009;37:51-3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-009-0171-y
15. Salinas AS, Lorenzo-Romero J, Segura M, et al. Factors determining analgesic and sedative drug requirements during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Urol Int 1999;63:92-101. https://doi.org/10.1159/000030425
16. Tailly GG, Marcelo JB, Schneider IA, et al. Patient-controlled analgesia during SWL treatments. J Endourol 2001;15:465-71. https://doi.org/10.1089/089277901750299230
17. Kim H, Neubert JK, Rowan JS, et al. Comparison of experimental and acute clinical pain responses in humans as pain phenotypes. J Pain 2004;5:377-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2004.06.003

Toplam 17 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Üroloji
Bölüm	Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar	Nihat Türkmen 0000-0003-0881-3279 Cemil Kutsal 0000-0003-4788-3798
Yayımlanma Tarihi	31 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver	Türkmen N, Kutsal C. The Influence of Pain and Anxiety on the Pain Perception and Outcome of Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy. Endourol Bull. 2023;15(2):46-51.