The Effect of Genital Warts on Men’s Depression and Sexual Functions

Yıl 2023, , 139 - 145, 30.09.2023

Nihat Türkmen , Cemil Kutsal

https://doi.org/10.54233/endouroloji.20231503-1346724

Öz

Objective: This study was designed to observe how the depressive state due to human papilloma virus
infection affects sexual functions in sexually active men.
Material and Methods: Between 2020-2022, 77 primary male patients who applied to the XXX Hospital
and diagnosed with genital warts (GW) by physical examination were included in the study. The patients
were divided into two groups according to the number and the size of the warts (small size vs. larger size).
The patients were asked to fill out the Hospital Anxiety Depression (HAD) scale and International Index of
Erectile Function (IIEF-5) forms. The data of the two groups were compared and analyzed.
Results: The mean age was 39.7±10.3, BMI kg/m2 27.0±7.2. Patients divided into 2 groups in terms of wart
sizes showed normal distribution. The HAD scale part was found to be abnormal in 13% of patients in small
wart size group and 52.5% of 21 patients in larger wart size group (p<0.0001). According to the evaluation
of the IIEF-5 scale, it was observed that 13.5% of 5 patients in small size group and 47.5% of 19 patients in
larger size group had severe sexual functions (p<0.0001). No significant difference was observed between
the 2 groups with chronic diseases (p=0.263).
Conclusion: Anxiety and depression appear and become evident in patients diagnosed with GWs from
the moment of diagnosis. It may be necessary to examine this issue carefully and to involve psychiatry
consultations in the management when necessary.

Anahtar Kelimeler

genital wart, anxiety, depression, sexual function

Genital Siğillerin Erkeklerin Depresyonu ve Cinsel İşlevleri Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, insan papilloma virüsü enfeksiyonuna bağlı depresif durumun cinsel olarak aktif
erkeklerde cinsel işlevleri nasıl etkilediğini gözlemlemek için tasarlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2020-2022 yılları arasında XXX Hastanesine başvuran ve fizik muayene ile genital siğil
(GS) tanısı alan 77 primer erkek hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalar siğillerin sayısı ve büyüklüğüne göre
(küçük boy ve büyük boy) iki gruba ayrıldı. Hastalardan Hastane Anksiyete Depresyonu (HAD) ölçeği ve
Uluslararası Erektil Fonksiyon İndeksi (IIEF-5) formlarını doldurmaları istendi. İki grubun verileri karşılaştırıldı
ve analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 39,7±10,3, VKİ kg/m2 27,0±7,2 idi. Siğil boyutlarına göre 2 gruba ayrılan
hastalar normal dağılım gösterdi. Küçük siğil boyutu grubundaki hastaların %13’ünde ve büyük siğil
boyutu grubundaki 21 hastanın %52,5’inde HAD skala kısmı anormal bulundu (p<0,0001). IIEF-5 ölçeği
değerlendirmesine göre, küçük boy grubunda 5 hastanın %13,5’inde, büyük boy grubunda ise 19 hastanın
%47,5’inde ciddi cinsel işlevlerin olduğu görüldü (p<0,0001). Kronik hastalığı olan 2 grup arasında anlamlı
fark gözlenmedi (p=0,263).
Sonuçlar: Anksiyete ve depresyon GS tanısı konulan hastalarda tanı anından itibaren ortaya çıkmakta ve
belirgin hale gelmektedir. Bu konunun dikkatle incelenmesi ve gerektiğinde psikiyatri konsültasyonlarının
yönetime dahil edilmesi gerekebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

genital siğil, anksiyete, depresyon, seksüel fonksiyon

Etik Beyan

Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Clinical Research Ethics Committee 04.04.2023/3851.

Kaynakça

• 1- IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, No. 9. Lyon (FR): International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1996.
• 2-Taheri R, Bayatani N, Razavi M, Mirmohammadkhani M. Risk factors for genital wart in men. Koomesh J. 2017;19(2):320–6. http://koomeshjournal.semums.ac.ir/article-1-3285-en.html
• 3-Patel H, Wagner M, Singhal P, Kothari S. Systematic review of the incidence and prevalence of genital warts. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13(1):39. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-39
• 4-Canvin M, Sinka K, Hughes G, Mesher D. Decline in genital warts diagnoses among young women and young men since the introduction of the bivalent HPV (16/18) vaccination programme in England: an ecological analysis. Sexually transmitted infections. 2017;93(2):125-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2016-052626
• 5-Akcali S, Goker A, Ecemis T, Kandiloglu AR, Sanlidag T. Human papilloma virus frequency and genotype distribution in a Turkish population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(1):503–506. https://doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.1.503
• 6-Behzadi P, Behzadi E, Ranjbar R, Saberfar E. Cervical cancer and human papilloma virus (HPV)–viral cervical cancer. MOJ Cell Sci Rep. 2015;2(2):00026. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojcsr.2015.02.00026
• 7-Escalas J, Rodriguez-Cerdeira C, Guerra-Tapia A. Impact of HPV infection on the quality of life in young women. Open Dermatol J. 2009;3:137–9. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874372200903010137
• 8-Drolet M, Brisson M, Maunsell E, et al. The impact of anogenital warts on health-related quality of life: a 6-month prospective study. Sex Transm Dis. 2011;38(10):949–56. https://doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182215512
• 9-Wang KL, Jeng CJ, Yang YC, et al. The psychological impact of illness among women experiencing human papillomavirus-related illness or screening interventions. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2010;31(1):16–23. https://doi.org/10.3109/01674820903564440
• 10-Piñeros M, Hernández-Suárez G, Orjuela L, Vargas JC, Pérez G. HPV knowledge and impact of genital warts on self esteem and sexual life in Colombian patients. BMC Public Health. 2013;13(1):272. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-272
• 11-Kirnbauer R, Lenz P. Human papillomaviruses. In: Dermatology. London: elsevier Saunders;2012;2(3):1303–19. 12-Eng TR, Butler WT. The hidden epidemic: confronting sexually transmitted diseases. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US), 1997.
• 13-Clarke P, Ebel C, Catotti DN, Stewart S. The psychosocial impact of human papillomavirus infection: implications for health care providers. Int J STD AIDS [Internet]. 1996 [cited 2022 Jun 19];7(3):197–200. https://doi.org/10.1258/0956462961917618
• 14-Vriend HJ, Nieuwkerk PT, van der Sande MAB. Impact of genital warts on emotional and sexual well-being differs by gender. Int J STD AIDS [Internet]. 2014 Nov 8 [cited 2022 Jun 19];25(13):949–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956462414526706
• 15-Doherty IE, Richardson PH, Wolfe CD, Raju KS. The assessment of the psychological effects of an abnormal cervical smear result and subsequent medical procedures. J Pscyhosom Obstet Gynaecol 1991;12:319–324. https://doi.org/10.3109/01674829109078011
• 16- Qi SZ, Wang SM, Shi JF, et al. Human papillomavirus-related psychosocial impact of patients with genital warts in China: a hospital-based crosssectional study. BMC Public Health 2014;14:739. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-739
• 17-Shi JF, Kang DJ, Qi SZ, et al. Impact of genital warts on health related quality of life in men and women in mainland China: a multicenter hospital-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2012;12:153. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-153
• 18-Maw RD, Reitano M, Roy M. An international survey of patients with genital warts: perceptions regarding treatment and impact on lifestyle. Int J STD AIDS 1998;9:571-8. https://doi.org/10.1258/0956462981921143
• 19-Bruggink SC, Eekhof JAH, Egberts PF, et al. Natural Course of Cutaneous Warts Among Primary Schoolchildren: A Prospective Cohort Study. Annals of Family Medicine [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2022 May 16];11(5):437. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1508
• 20- Wen LM, Estcourt CS, Simpson JM, et al. Risk factors for the acquisition of genital warts: are condoms protective? Sex Transm Infect 1999; 75: 312–316. https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.75.5.312
• 21- Elmahdi R, Thomsen LT, Iversen AT, et al. Increased risk of genital warts in inflammatory bowel disease: A Danish registry-based cohort study (1996-2018). United European Gastroenterol J. 2022 Apr;10(3):287-295. https://doi.org/10.1002/ueg2.12217.