Honeydew producing insect species in forest areas in Western Turkey

Abstract

Marchalina hellenica Gennadius (Hemiptera: Marchalinidae) is a renowned and significant species of scale insect in Turkey due to its production of honeydew in large quantities which is collected by honeybees and used pine honey production. The aim of this study was to survey alternative honeydew sources in forest and neighboring areas of the Aegean, Marmara and Mediterranean regions between the years 2009 and 2011. It was found that there are several species of scale insects and aphids on pine, cedar, olive, oaks, various shrubs and herbaceous plants. Among them, Lecanodiaspis sardoa Targioni Tozzetti (Lecanodiaspididae), Puto israelensis Ben-Dov (Putoidae) and Cinara cedri Mimeur (Aphididae) were found as alternative honeydew producers, all of which produce large amount of honeydew depending on their population size. The use of honeydew from these insects is discussed.

Keywords

• Honeydew, forest honey, scale insects, aphids, Turkey

Türkiye’nin batı kısmındaki ormanlarda ballımadde salgılayan türler

Öz

Türkiye’de Marchalina hellenica Gennadius (Hemiptera: Marchalinidae), ballı maddesi balarıları tarafından toplanarak çambalı üretiminde yararlanılması nedeniyle iyi tanınan önemli bir türdür. Bu çalışmada 2009-2011 yılları arasında Akdeniz, Ege ve Marmara Bölge’leri ormanları ve çevresinde bulunan diğer ballı madde salgılayan türlerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu alanlardaki çam, sedir, zeytin, meşe, çalılar ve otsu bitkiler üzerinde bulunan yaprakbitleri ve coccoidler araştırılmıştır. Bunlardan Lecanodiaspis sardoa Targioni Tozzetti (Lecanodiaspididae), Puto israelensis Ben-Dov (Putoidae) ve Cinara cedri Mimeur (Aphididae) bal salgılayan diğer türler olarak dikkat çekmiştir. Bu türlerin salgı miktarı türe, popülasyon yoğunluğuna, konukçu bitki kalitesine ve iklim koşullarına bağlı olarak değiştiği gözlenmiş, alternatif bal kaynağı olarak kullanımları tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ballı madde, çambalı, koşnil, afit, Türkiye

Kaynakça

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