Assessment of the influence of magnetic fields on aspects of the biology of the adult Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, 1879 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 4, 423 - 432, 01.08.2013

Dilek Pandır Fahriye Sumer Ercan Recep Şahingöz

Öz

All living systems are under the influence of magnetic fields (MFs) from various sources. In this study, experiments were performed to investigate the effect of MFs from a DC power supply on the longevity of adults, fecundity and daily egg laying pattern of female E. kuehniella. Adults of E. kuehniella (24 h old) were exposed to power supply generating MFs of different levels (0, 1.5, 3, 5, 7.5 and 10 mT) at 50 Hz for 24 h exposure time. Mortality increased with increasing MFs level and complete mortality was achieved at the level of 10 mT. Adult viability was highest in control (92%). Pest longevity was significantly reduced with increasing level of MFs (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the longevity of males and females (P˃0.05). Exposing adults to increasing level of MFs significantly influenced daily egg laying patterns and fecundity of magnetized females. Larval emergence from these eggs was completely prevented at highest level of MFs. The LD50 and LD99 values of MFs against adult stages of E. kuehniella were measured as 5.23 mT and 12.81 mT, respectively. According to these results, 10 mT MFs for 24 h is sufficient to control adult survival and production of progeny in this pest

Anahtar Kelimeler

Magnetic fields, Ephestia kuehniella, progeny, mortality, longevity

Akdeniz un güvesi Ephestia kuehniella Zeller 1879 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)'nın ergin biyolojisi üzerine manyetik alanın etkisinin belirlenmesi

Öz

Tüm canlı sistemler çeşitli kaynaklardan gelen manyetik alanın etkisi altındadır. Bu çalışmada deneyler ergin ömür uzunluğu, yumurta açılımı ve E. kuehniella dişilerinin günlük yumurta verimi üzerine güç kaynağından gelen DC manyetik alanın etkisini araştırmak için yapılmıştır. E. kuehniella erginleri (24 saatlik) farklı seviyelerde (0, 1.5, 3, 5, 7.5 ve 10 mT) 50 Hz’de 24 saat süreyle manyetik alan üreten bir güç kaynağına maruz bırakılmıştır. Artan manyetik alanda ölüm oranları giderek artmış ve 10 mT’da erginlerin tamamı ölmüştür. Canlı ergin oranı % 92 ile en yüksek kontrolde elde edilmiştir. Zararlının ömür uzunluğu artan manyetik alanla önemli ölçüde azalmıştır (P<0.05). Erkek ve dişi bireyler arasında ömür uzunluğu açısından fark bulunmamaktadır (P˃0.05). Artan manyetik alana maruz kalan dişilerin günlük yumurta verimi ve bu yumurtaların açılımları önemli ölçüde etkilenmiştir. Bu yumurtalardan larva çıkışı en yüksek dozda tamamen engellenmiştir. E. kuehniella erginlerine karşı manyetik alanın LD50 ve LD99 değerleri sırasıyla 5.23 mT ve 12.81 mT olarak bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlara gore, 24 saat süreyle 10 mT manyetik alan uygulaması bu zararlının canlılığını ve yumurta verimini kontrol etmek için yeterlidir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Manyetik alan, Ephestia kuehniella, yumurta verimi, ölüm oranı, ömür uzunluğu

Kaynakça

• Abbas, H., S. Nouraddin, Z. H. Reza, B. Iraj, B. Mohammad, Z. Hasan, A. M. Hossein & F. Hadi, 2011. Effect of gamma radiation on different stages of Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella Hübner (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). African Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (20): 4259-4264.
• Abbott, W., 1925. A method for computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18: 265-267.
• Ayvaz, A. & A.S. Tuncbilek, 2006. Effects of gamma radiation on life stages of the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Pest Science, 79: 215-222.
• Ayvaz, A., S. Albayrak & A.S. Tuncbilek, 2007. Inherited sterility in Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): Effect of gamma radiation on insect fecundity, fertility and developmental period. Journal of Stored Products Research. 43(3): 234-239.
• Ayvaz, A., S. Albayrak & S. Karaborklu, 2008. Gamma radiation sensitivity of the eggs, larvae and pupae of Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Pest Management Science, 64: 505-512.
• Ayvaz, A., & S. Karabörklü, 2008. Effect of cold storage and different diets on Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae). Journal of Pest Science, 81(1): 57-62.
• Azizoglu, U., S. Yılmaz, S. Karaborklu & A. Ayvaz, 2011. Ovicidal activity of microwave and UV radiations on mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Turkish Journal of Entomology, 35(3): 437-446.
• Borodin, I.F., S.V. Vendin & A.A. Babenko, 1993. Apparatus for UHF treatment of grain. Author´s Certificate of USSR No.1822630, A1 A01 C 1/00 H05 B6/68. Bull. No. 23, 23.06.93.
• Cook, P.A & M.J.G. Gage, 1995. Effects of risks of sperm competition on the numbers of eupyrene and apyrene sperm ejaculated by the moth Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology, 36: 261-268.
• Cornwell, P.W., 1966. The Entomology of Radiation Disinfestation of Grain. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK, p. 235.
• Faruki, S.I, D.R. Das, A.R. Khan & M.M. Khatun, 2007. Effects of ultraviolet (254 nm) irradiation on egg hatching and adult emergence of the flour beetles, Tribolium castaneum, T. confusum and the almond moth, Cadra cautella. Journal of Insect Science, 7 (36): 1-6.
• Ghodbanea, S., S. Amaraa, C. Garrel, J. Arnaud ,V. Ducrosb, A. Favier, M. Saklya & H. Abdelmelek, 2011. Selenium supplementation ameliorates static magnetic field-induced disorders in antioxidant status in rat tissues. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 31: 100-106.
• Jones, D.S. & B.J. Macfadden,1982. Induced magnetization in the Monarch Butterfly, Danaus plexippus (Insecta: Lepidoptera). The Journal of Experimental Biology, 96: 1-9.
• Kirschvink, J.L., S. Padmanabha, C.K. Boyce & J. Oglesby, 1997. Measurement of the threshold sensitivity of honeybees to weak, extremely low-frequency magnetic fields. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 200: 1363-1368.
• Levengood, W.C., & M.P. Shinkle, 1960. Environmental factors influencing progeny yields in Drosophila. Science, 132: 34-35.
• Luciana, D. & A. Luigi, 2005. Bioeffects of moderate-intensity static magnetic fields on cell cultures. Micron, 36: 195- 217.
• Mansour, M. 2010. Effects of gamma radiation on the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella, eggs and acceptability of irradiated eggs by Trichogramma cacoeciae females. Journal of Pest Science, 83: 243-249.
• Marco, V. & E. Vinuela, 1994. Effects of hexaflumuron on fecundity, fertility and longevity of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller and Spodoptera exigua (Huebner) 46th International Symposium on Crop Protection, Gent (Belgium), 3 May 1994 v. 59(2a) p. 457-463.
• Mishchenko, A.A., O.A. Malinin & V.M. Rashkovan, 2000. Complex high-frequency technology for protection of grain from pests. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 35(3):179-184.
• Nenadović, V.A., M. Mrdaković, J.M. Lazarević, D. Mirčić, D. Todorović & Z.M. Prolić, 2005. Temperature and magnetic field effects on the activity of protocerebral neurosecretory neurons and corpora allata in Cerambyx cerdo L. larvae. Archives of Biological Sciences, 57(1): 19-24.
• Pál, N., 2005. The effect of low inductivity static magnetic field on some plant pathogen fungi. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 6(2): 167-171.
• Pan, H., 1996. The effect of a 7 T magnetic field on the egg hatching of Heliothis virescens. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 14(6): 673-677.
• Ponomaryova, I.A., L.N.R. Oyarzabal & E.R. Sánchez, 2010. Interaction of radio-frequency, high- strength electric fields with harmful insects. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 43: 4-27.
• Prato, F.S., J.J. Carson, K.P. Ossenkopp & M. Kavaliers, 1995. Possible mechanisms by which extremely low frequency magnetic fields affect opioid function. The FASEB Journal, 9: 807-814.
• Ramirez, E., J.L. Monteagudo, M. García-Gracia & J.M. Delgado, 1983. Oviposition and development of Drosophila modified by magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 4(4): 315-326.
• Riudavets, J., C. Castañé, O. Alomar, M.J. Pons & R. Gabarra, 2010. The use of carbon dioxide at high pressure to
• control nine stored-product pests. Journal of Stored Products Research, 46: 228-233.
• Starick, N.T., B.C. Longstaff & B. Condon, 2005. The influence of fluctuating low-level magnetic fields on the fecundity and behaviour of Rhyzoperta dominica (F.). Journal of Stored Product Research, 41: 255-270.
• Sumer, F., U. Canpolat, S. Oztemiz & A.S. Tuncbilek, 2007. The effect of UV on different biological stages of egg parasitoid, Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, 21(2): 49-56.
• Tuncbilek, A.S., U. Canpolat & F. Sumer, 2009. Suitability of irradiated and cold-stored eggs of Ephestia kuehniella (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera) and Sitotroga cerealella (Gelechidae: Lepidoptera) for stockpiling the egg-parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens (Trichogrammatidae: Hymenoptera) in diapause. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 19 (1): 127-138.
• UNEP, 2006. (United Nations Environment Programme) Report of the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee (MBTOC). 2006 assessment. http://www.unep.org/ozone/teap/Reports/TEAP_Reports/
• Watters, F.L., 1968. An appraisal of gamma irradiation for insect control foods. Man Entomology, 2:37–45.