Possible Effects of Chronic Otitis Media with and without Cholesteatoma on Bone Conduction Thresholds: An Evaluation of 112 Cases

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate any possible effects of chronic otitis media (COM), with or without accompanying cholesteatoma, on bone conduction thresholds (BCT).

Methods: A total of 112 cases who underwent surgery for unilateral COM between 2006 and 2014 were enrolled in the study. Eighty cases had no cholesteatoma (Group 1). Thirty-two cases did have cholesteatoma (Group 2). Prior to surgery, the temporal bone was evaluated radiologically by use of high resolution computed tomography. The presence of a clinically and radiologically normal contralateral ear was the principal selection criterion for the cases. BCT at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz and their averages were evaluated with pure tone audiogram (PTA) and the normal and diseased ears in each group were compared. This comparison was also made between the diseased ears in Groups 1 and 2.

Results: There was a statistically significant difference observed between the mean BCT scores obtained by PTA for the normal/diseased ears in Group 1 (9.78±0.98/17.34±1.71 dB) and in Group 2 (9.10±0.99/17.58±2.59 dB). This statistically significant difference was observed for each of the four different frequencies (p<0.0001). However, there was no statistically significant difference observed between the mean BCT scores obtained by PTA for the diseased ears in Groups 1 and 2 (17.34±1.71/17.58±2.59 dB). Similarly, in the comparison between the diseased ears, the differences of BCT at all four different frequencies (0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz) lacked statistical significance (p>0.05).

Conclusion: As a result of this study, we can say that COM may lead to sensorineural hearing loss. However, we observed that the presence of cholesteatoma does not exert an additional negative effect on cochlear function. 

Keywords

• Chronic otitis media,cholesteatoma,sensorineural hearing loss

Kaynakça

1. 1. Silveira Netto LF, da Costa SS, Sleifer P, Braga ME. The impact of chronic suppurative otitis media on children’s and teenagers’ hearing. Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol 2009:73 (12);1751–1756.
2. 2. Yehudai N, Most T, Luntz M. Risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in pediatric chronic otitis. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 2015:79(1); 26–30.
3. 3. Aarhus L, Homøe P, Engdahl B. Otitis Media in Childhood and Disease in Adulthood: A 40-Year Follow-Up Study. Ear Hear. 2019 Apr 16. [Epub ahead of print]
4. 4. Amali A, Hosseinzadeh N, Samadi S, Nasiri S, Zebardast J. Sensorineural hearing loss in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media: Is there a significant correlation? Electron Physician. 2017;9(2):3823-3827.
5. 5. Paparella MM, Goycoolea MV, Schachern PA, Sajjadi H. Current clinical and pathological features of round window diseases. Layngoscope 1987:97(10); 1151-60.
6. 6. Paparella MM, Brady DR, Hoel R. Sensorineural hearing loss in chronic otitis media and mastoiditis. Trans Am Acad Ophtha 1970:74;108-15.
7. 7. Cureoglu S, Schchern P, Paparella M, Lindgren R. Cochlear changes in chronic otitis media. Laryngoscope 2004:114(4);622–626.
8. 8. Levine BA, Shelton C, Berliner K, Sheehy JL.. Sensorineural hearing loss in chronic otitis media- Is it clinically significant? Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989:115(7);814-6.

9. 9. Eisenman DJ, Parisier SC. Is Chronic Otitis Media With Cholesteatoma Associated With Neurosensory Hearing Loss? Am J Oto 1998:19; 20-25.
10. 10. Tos M. Sensorineural hearing loss in acute and chronic middle ear diseases. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) Suppl 1988:457;87-93.
11. 11. da Costa SS, Rosito LPS, Dornelles C. Sensorineural hearing loss in patients with chronic otitis media. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2009:266;221–224
12. 12. Walby AP, Barrera A, Schuknecht HF. Cochlear pathology in chronic suppurative otitis media. Ann Oto Rhinol layngol Suppl 1983:103;1-19.
13. 13. Papp Z, Rezes S, Jo´kay I, Sziklai I. Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Chronic Otitis Media. Otol Neurotol 2003:24;141–144.
14. 14. MacAndie C, O’reilly B.F. Sensorineural hearing loss in chronic otitis media. Clin Otolaryngol 1999:24;220-222.
15. 15. de Azevedo AF, Pinto DC, de Souza NJ, Greco DB, Gonçalves DU. Sensorineural hearing loss in chronic suppurative otitis media with and without cholesteatoma. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol 2007:73(5);671-4.