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AN ENERGY-FOCUSED ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY ROUTE TO THE SILK ROAD

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 7 - 22, 25.04.2022

Öz

A route, via ships and underwater electric connectors established across the Caspian Sea, could enable goods from Central Asia to be transported to Turkey and through Turkey to other markets. Natural gas-rich countries could transport gas to European markets via this route by converting their natural gas into LNG. In cases where building LNG installations would be uneconomical, they can
export energy directly, by conveying gas-generated electricity via underwater electric connectors across the Caspian Sea or by electricity-generating power ships. With the transformation of this route into a new trade corridor due to energy transportation, other products could also be transported to Europe more easily and this would positively impact their economic development, attract
investors and promote regional cooperation. This dynamism may create a new commercial corridor for the global supply chain in the context of the Silk Road concept but separate from China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).

Kaynakça

  • Acemoglu, Daron (2020). The case for a quadripolar world. Retrieved from https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/quadripolar-world-better-thannew-us-china-cold-war-by-daron-acemoglu-2020-12?barrier=accesspaylog. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Anadolu Agency (2020). Azerbaijanis celebrate the deal reached on Nagorno-Karabakh. Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/en/pg/photo-gallery/azerbaijanis-celebrate-the-deal-reached-on-nagorno-karabakh/0. Accessed: 15.04.2021.
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  • Bird, Julia, Mathilde Lebrand and Anthony J. Venables (2020). “The Belt and Road Initiative: Reshaping economic geography in Central Asia?”, Journal of Development Economics, No. 144: 1-14.
  • BP. Baku Tbilisi Ceyhan pipeline. Retrieved from https://www.bp.com/en_az/azerbaijan/home/who-we-are/operationsprojects/pipelines/btc.html. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Eurasian Research Institute (2021). Natural resource reserves in Central Asia. ERI Infographics No. 36. Retrieved from https://www.eurasian-research.org/infographic/. Accessed: 12.02.2022.
  • Eurasian Research Institute (2019). Belt and Road Initiative: Projects and investments. ERI Infographics No. 21. Retrieved from https://www.eurasianresearch.org/infographic/. Accessed: 12.02.2022.
  • FAO (2014). The Water-Energy-Food nexus: A new approach in support of food security and sustainable agriculture. Rome. Fineren, Daniel (2007). New cable to link UK and Dutch power grids. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/idUKL224559420070522?editionredirect=uk. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Goksedef, Ece (2020). “Dağlık Karabağ için kurulacak Türk-Rus Ortak Merkezi’nin detayları neler?” (What are the details of the Joint Turkish-Russian Center to be established for Nagorno Karabagh?). BBC Turkish, 4 December 2020. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-turkiye-55162157. Accessed: 17.04.2021.
  • IE World Energy Investments Report (2020). Retrieved from https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-investment-2020. Accessed: 15.04.2021.
  • IRENA (2019). Innovation landscape brief: Utility-scale batteries. Retrieved from https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2019/Sep/IRENA_Utility-scale-batteries_2019.pdf. Accessed: 10.02.2022.
  • Keohane, Robert O. and Joseph S. Nye (1977). Power and Interdependence: World Politics in Transition. Little Brown and Company.
  • Kremlin Official Internet Web Site (2018). Konventsiya o pravovom statute Kaspiyskogo morya (Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea). Retrieved from http://kremlin.ru/supplement/5328. Accessed: 17.04.2021.
  • Ministry of Commerce, Foreign Trade Statistics (2019). Retrieved from https://ticaret.gov.tr/istatistikler/dis-ticaret-istatistikleri/dis-ticaret-istatistikleri-tuikgts-2019-) Accessed: 15.04.2021.
  • Paris, Jostas and Jared Malsin (2021). Suez Canal is blocked by container ships causing huge traffic jams. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-suez-canal-is-blocked-by-a-giant-containership-11616560437. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Paul, Sonali (2020). Australia fast tracks approval process for $16 billion solar power export project. Reuters. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-australia-renewables-idUSKCN24V0S7. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Reuters (2019a). Putin signs law ratifying legal status of Caspian Sea – Ifax. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-russia-caspian-statusidUKKBN1WG3MB. Accessed: 15.04.2021.
  • Reuters (2019b). Turkey and Azerbaijan mark completion of TANAP pipeline to take gas to Europe. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-turkeyenergy-tanap-idUSKBN1Y40CP. Accessed: 13.04.2021.
  • Rodrik, Dani (2011). The Globalization Paradox: Democracy and the Future of the World Economy. New York: WW Norton & Co.
  • Shih, Willy C. (2020). Global supply chains in a post-pandemic world. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2020/09/global-supply-chainsin-a-post-pandemic-world. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Sidlo, Katarzyna W. (2020). “China’s Economic Engagement in The Mena Region” pp. 32-57 in Sidlo Katarzyna W. (Ed.) (2020). “The Role of China in The Middle East and North Africa (Mena). Beyond Economic Interests?: Euromesco Joint Policy Study 16” IE Med, Barcelona. Retrieved from https://www.euneighbours.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2020-07/Euromesco.pdf. Accessed: 16.01.2022.
  • TAP’s Shareholders. Retrieved from https://www.tap-ag.com/about-tap/tapsshareholders. Accessed: 13.04.2021.
  • Van der Putten, Frans-Paul, John Seaman, Mikko Huatori, Alice Ekman and Miguel Otero-Iglesias (2016). Europe and China’s New Silk Roads, European Think-Tank Network on China (ETNC) December 2016. Retrieved from https://www.clingendael.org/sites/default/files/2016-02/Europe_and_Chinas_New_Silk_Roads_0.pdf. Accessed: 12.02.2022.
  • Wikimedia Commons (2015). Submarine Cable Map; Cable data by Greg Mahlknecht, map by OpenStreetMap contributors, CC BY-SA 2.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons. Accessed: 10.02.2022.
Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 7 - 22, 25.04.2022

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Acemoglu, Daron (2020). The case for a quadripolar world. Retrieved from https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/quadripolar-world-better-thannew-us-china-cold-war-by-daron-acemoglu-2020-12?barrier=accesspaylog. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Anadolu Agency (2020). Azerbaijanis celebrate the deal reached on Nagorno-Karabakh. Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/en/pg/photo-gallery/azerbaijanis-celebrate-the-deal-reached-on-nagorno-karabakh/0. Accessed: 15.04.2021.
  • Belt and Road Initiative. Retrieved from https://www.beltroad-initiative.com/belt-and-road/. Accessed: 17.04.2021.
  • Bird, Julia, Mathilde Lebrand and Anthony J. Venables (2020). “The Belt and Road Initiative: Reshaping economic geography in Central Asia?”, Journal of Development Economics, No. 144: 1-14.
  • BP. Baku Tbilisi Ceyhan pipeline. Retrieved from https://www.bp.com/en_az/azerbaijan/home/who-we-are/operationsprojects/pipelines/btc.html. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Eurasian Research Institute (2021). Natural resource reserves in Central Asia. ERI Infographics No. 36. Retrieved from https://www.eurasian-research.org/infographic/. Accessed: 12.02.2022.
  • Eurasian Research Institute (2019). Belt and Road Initiative: Projects and investments. ERI Infographics No. 21. Retrieved from https://www.eurasianresearch.org/infographic/. Accessed: 12.02.2022.
  • FAO (2014). The Water-Energy-Food nexus: A new approach in support of food security and sustainable agriculture. Rome. Fineren, Daniel (2007). New cable to link UK and Dutch power grids. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/idUKL224559420070522?editionredirect=uk. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Goksedef, Ece (2020). “Dağlık Karabağ için kurulacak Türk-Rus Ortak Merkezi’nin detayları neler?” (What are the details of the Joint Turkish-Russian Center to be established for Nagorno Karabagh?). BBC Turkish, 4 December 2020. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-turkiye-55162157. Accessed: 17.04.2021.
  • IE World Energy Investments Report (2020). Retrieved from https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-investment-2020. Accessed: 15.04.2021.
  • IRENA (2019). Innovation landscape brief: Utility-scale batteries. Retrieved from https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2019/Sep/IRENA_Utility-scale-batteries_2019.pdf. Accessed: 10.02.2022.
  • Keohane, Robert O. and Joseph S. Nye (1977). Power and Interdependence: World Politics in Transition. Little Brown and Company.
  • Kremlin Official Internet Web Site (2018). Konventsiya o pravovom statute Kaspiyskogo morya (Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea). Retrieved from http://kremlin.ru/supplement/5328. Accessed: 17.04.2021.
  • Ministry of Commerce, Foreign Trade Statistics (2019). Retrieved from https://ticaret.gov.tr/istatistikler/dis-ticaret-istatistikleri/dis-ticaret-istatistikleri-tuikgts-2019-) Accessed: 15.04.2021.
  • Paris, Jostas and Jared Malsin (2021). Suez Canal is blocked by container ships causing huge traffic jams. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-suez-canal-is-blocked-by-a-giant-containership-11616560437. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Paul, Sonali (2020). Australia fast tracks approval process for $16 billion solar power export project. Reuters. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-australia-renewables-idUSKCN24V0S7. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Reuters (2019a). Putin signs law ratifying legal status of Caspian Sea – Ifax. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-russia-caspian-statusidUKKBN1WG3MB. Accessed: 15.04.2021.
  • Reuters (2019b). Turkey and Azerbaijan mark completion of TANAP pipeline to take gas to Europe. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-turkeyenergy-tanap-idUSKBN1Y40CP. Accessed: 13.04.2021.
  • Rodrik, Dani (2011). The Globalization Paradox: Democracy and the Future of the World Economy. New York: WW Norton & Co.
  • Shih, Willy C. (2020). Global supply chains in a post-pandemic world. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2020/09/global-supply-chainsin-a-post-pandemic-world. Accessed: 16.04.2021.
  • Sidlo, Katarzyna W. (2020). “China’s Economic Engagement in The Mena Region” pp. 32-57 in Sidlo Katarzyna W. (Ed.) (2020). “The Role of China in The Middle East and North Africa (Mena). Beyond Economic Interests?: Euromesco Joint Policy Study 16” IE Med, Barcelona. Retrieved from https://www.euneighbours.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2020-07/Euromesco.pdf. Accessed: 16.01.2022.
  • TAP’s Shareholders. Retrieved from https://www.tap-ag.com/about-tap/tapsshareholders. Accessed: 13.04.2021.
  • Van der Putten, Frans-Paul, John Seaman, Mikko Huatori, Alice Ekman and Miguel Otero-Iglesias (2016). Europe and China’s New Silk Roads, European Think-Tank Network on China (ETNC) December 2016. Retrieved from https://www.clingendael.org/sites/default/files/2016-02/Europe_and_Chinas_New_Silk_Roads_0.pdf. Accessed: 12.02.2022.
  • Wikimedia Commons (2015). Submarine Cable Map; Cable data by Greg Mahlknecht, map by OpenStreetMap contributors, CC BY-SA 2.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons. Accessed: 10.02.2022.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Ali Oguz Dırıoz Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-7110-3849

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Dırıoz, A. O. (2022). AN ENERGY-FOCUSED ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY ROUTE TO THE SILK ROAD. Eurasian Research Journal, 4(2), 7-22.