ERMENİLERİN GİZLİCE MEMALİK-İ ŞAHANE'YE DUHULÜ MESELESİ

Öz

Amerika'ya firar ederek tekrar dönmek isteyen Ermenilerin Memalik-i Şahane'ye girişlerine meydan verilmemiştir. İrade-i seniyye uyarınca kabul edilmeden geldikleri mahallere iade edilmişlerdir. Bu yasağa rağmen Ermeniler firaren Amerika, Rusya ve diğer yabancı memleketlere gidip sonradan muhtelif suretlerde Osmanlı ülkesine duhul etmişlerdir. Buna binaen Memâlik-i Şahane’ye geri dönmek isteyen kaçak Ermenilerin duhulüne asla meydan verilmemesi için bir takım tedbirler alınmıştır. Ancak izinsiz surette Osmanlı sahillerine çıkarak veya hudutlardan geçerek bazı Ermeniler Osmanlı topraklarına sızmışlardır. Ermeni komitacılarınca gönderilen fesatçılar beraberlerinde yasak olan silah, dinamit vb. eşyaları da çeşitli yollarla Osmanlı ülkesine sokmaya çalışmışlardır. Bu gibilerin duhullerine katiyen meydan ve imkan verilmemesi emredilmiş ise de gizlice ve firaren giriş yaptıkları görülmüştür. Yasağa rağmen nasıl ve hangi yollarla Ermenilerin Memâlik-i Şahane’ye duhul eylemekte olduğu arşiv belgelerinden anlaşılmaktadır. Bu noktada artan kanunsuz girişleri engellemek üzere ele alınan tedbirler ve olayın seyri ile birlikte lazım gelen muamelat ve görülen istisnai haller bu çalışmada anlaşılmaya çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ermeniler
• Yurda dönen
• Duhul
• Memalik-i şahane
• Firari

THE ISSUE OF ARMENIANS SECRETLY ENTRANCE TO THE OTTOMAN LANDS

Öz

Armenians who fled to America and wanted to return again later were not allowed to enter Ottoman lands. They were returned without being accepted according to imperial decree. Despite this prohibition, Armenians fleeing to America, Russia and other foreign countries later entered the Ottoman country in various forms. Consequently, some measures were taken to prevent the inclusion of fugitive Armenians who wanted to return to Ottoman lands. However, some Armenians entered the Ottoman lands secretly by arriving the Ottoman beaches or crossing the borders without permission. The mischief-makers sent by armenian secret societies along with weapons, dynamite and etc. tried to get into Ottoman country in various ways. Although it was ordered not to allow the inclusion of such people, it was seen that they entered secretly and fugitively. It is understood from archive documents how and in what ways Armenians can be included in the Ottoman country despite the ban. At this point, the measures taken to prevent increasing illegal entries and the necessary actions and the exceptional situations seen with the course of the event will be tried to be understood in this study

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Armenians
• Returnee
• Entrance
• Ottoman lands

Kaynakça

1. Karpat K., Ottoman Emigration to America, 1860-1914, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol.17, No.2(May,1985). Şemseddin Sami, Kâmûs-ı Türkî, Enderun Kitabevi, Fatih Ofset, İstanbul 1989. Arşiv Belgeleri
2. BOA.HR.SYS.2851/29, BOA.BEO.AYN.D, 1633/s.865, BOA.BEO. AYN. d, 1633/s.961, Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü. (2007). Osmanlı Belgelerinde Ermeni-Amerikan İlişkileri I (1839-1895) Ankara: Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Yay. Nu: 85. BOA.Y.PRRK.AZJ, 52/80, BOA.A.MKT.MHM, 550/1, BOA.MV, 102/30, BOA.ZB, 618/19, BOA. HR.SYS. 2743/60, BOA.A.MKT.MHM, 550/1, Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü. (2007). Osmanlı Belgelerinde Ermeni-Ame¬rikan İlişkileri II (1896-1919), Ankara: Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Yay. Nu: 86.
3. BOA.HR.SYS. 2851/29, Lef 4, BOA.DH.MKT. 277/47, BOA.DH.TMIK.M..104/87, BOA.İ..HUS. 15/ 6, BOA.DH.MKT. 2710 /60, BOA.HR.İD. 15/17, BOA.HR.İD. 15/17, Lef 2/3., BOA.HR.SYS. 2860 /101, Lef 3
4. BOA.HR.SYS. 2851/29, BOA.HR.SYS. 2851/29, Lef 4, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 167 /31, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 167 /31 Lef 6, DH.TMIK.M.. 273/ 79, Lef 3, DH.TMIK.M.. 273/ 79, Lef 7, DH.TMIK.M..126/42, DH. MKT 277/47, BOA.DH. MKT 277/47, Lef 10, BOA.DH. MKT 277/47, Lef 10, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 52 /93, Lef 8, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 200 /86, BOA.DH.ŞFR. 189 /65,BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 265/49, Lef 2
5. BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 265 / 49 Lef 5, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 265 / 49 Lef 7, BOA.DH.ŞFR.189/74, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 200/ 34, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 201 /65, BOA.BEO 3115/233601, BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 76/77
6. BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 200 /86, BOA. DH.MKT. 277/47, Lef 9/1, BOA. DH.ŞFR. 216 /74, BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 77 / 80,BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 183 /41, BOA. Y.EE.KP 30/2987, BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 243/55, BOA. ZB. 20/76, BOA. DH TMIK M 222/8, Lef 1, BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 49/75
7. BOA. DH.ŞFR. 167 /108, BOA. DH.ŞFR. 167 / 114, BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 14/ 29, BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 52 /93, BOA.DH.TMIK.M..43/71, BOA.DH.TMIK.M..198/16, BOA.Y..PRK.UM..45/115, BOA. BEO 3332 /249836, BOA. BEO 3332 /249836, Lef 5
8. BOA. BEO 3300/247494, BOA. BEO 3196 / 239633, BOA. Y..A...HUS.459 /142, BOA.DH.TMIK.M..222/48, Lef 53, BOA.DH.TMIK.M..222/48, Lef 45, BOA.DH.TMIK.M..222/48, Lef 118, BOA.DH.TMIK.M..126/42, Lef 2., BOA.HR.SYS.2840 / 44

9. BOA.A.}MKT.MHM. 642 / 25, BOA.HR.SYS. 2774/44, Lef 3,BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 145/ 19, Lef 4, BOA.Y..PRK.ASK. 125 / 51, BOA.İ..HUS.151/15, BOA.Y..PRK.ASK. 185/ 27, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 145/ 19, DH.TMIK.M..222/48, Lef 55, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 148 /12
10. BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 148 /12, Lef 3, BOA.Y..PRK.UM.. 45/ 115, BOA.BEO 3668 / 275039, BOA.Y..PRK.UM.. 45/ 115, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 43 /71, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 43 /71, Lef 3, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 198/16, BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 198/16, Lef 5., BOA. BEO 2775 /208099
11. BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 19 /14, BOA.Y..MTV. 111/10, BOA.A.}MKT.MHM.542/9, BOA.HR.SYS. 2840 /15, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 91/47,
12. BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 91/47, Lef 30, BOA.DH.ŞFR. 376 /107, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 148 /28, BOA.DH.TMIK.M.. 203 /67, Lef 6, BOA. DH.TMIK.M..222/48, Lef 9, BOA. HR.İD.. 28/ 72,BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 52 /93, Lef 8, BOA. DH.TMIK.M.. 52 /93, Lef 9