Performance evaluation of a simple electrochemical treatment model for saline wastewaters: Part A

Abstract

This paper examined the efficacies of the electrochemical treatment (Ett) technique in the reduction of chloride ion (Cl-) from saline (salty) wastewaters (brine). Saline wastewaters (Sw) concentrations between 10 g/l and 40 g/l of Cl- were prepared and subjected to Ett utilising a locally developed composite carbon–resin (as the anode) and aluminium (as the cathode) electrodes. Ett of the simulated brine was conducted on a laboratory scale. The influence of selected factors on the efficacy of the Ett process was monitored utilising fractional factorial experiments. These selected factors were optimized using steepest descent technique (between the minimum and maximum concentrations) and rate change of Cl- removal efficacy through Microsoft Excel Solver. The optimum values of these selected factors were used to purify typical raw saline water. Efficacies of the Ett process in removing Cl- from the typical raw saline water was utilised to predict efficacy of the system using typical Cl- concentration in seawater based on literature, previous and published studies. The study revealed the relationship between chloride removal efficacy (%), initial concentration of chloride, current through the wastewater and separation distance between the electrodes were best in the form of exponentials with coefficient of determination of 0.979, 0.920 and 0.977, respectively. The optimum values of these selected factors such as current, pH, treatment period and separation distance between the electrode (centre to centre of the electrode) were 10.5 A equivalent to 0.795 A cm-2, 6.7, 2.75 hr and 42 mm, respectively. It was concluded that Ett with composite carbon-resin electrodes is among effective tools for removing Cl- from saline wastewater during Ett. The performance of the treatment technique was between 68.52 and 94.82 %.

Keywords

• Efficiency
• Electrochemical Treatment Process
• Factorial Experiments
• Factors
• Wastewater

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