DİABETES MELLİTUS'UN TIBBİ BESLENME TEDAVİSİNDE YAĞLI TOHUMLARIN KULLANIMI

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 73 - 82, 02.05.2013

Neslihan Çelik , Gamze Akbulut

Öz

ÖZET

Yağlı tohumlar tekli ve çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri, posa ve bitkisel protein kaynağıdır. Genel olarak günlük beslenme örüntüsüne yağlı tohumların eklenmesi, beslenme örüntüsünün kalitesini yükseltir. Yağlı tohumların kan lipit profilini iyileştirme ve kalp ve damar hastalıklarını azaltma yönünde etkin olduğu bilinmektedir. Son yıllarda, diabetes mellitus (DM) hastalığını önleme ve kontrolünü sağlamada yağlı tohumların kullanılması gündemdedir. Kohort çalışmalarının sonuçları, yağlı tohumların tüketiminin, diyabet ve kalp ve damar hastalıklarının görülme riskini azalttığını ortaya koymuştur. Ancak, çok az sayıda randomize kontrollü çalışmada yağlı tohumların diyabetin kontrolü ve kan lipit profili üzerine etkileri incelenmiş, glisemik kontrol üzerine etkilerine ise değinilmemiştir. Diyabetin tıbbi beslenme tedavisinde, post prandiyal glisemik dalgalanmalar üzerinde durulan konulardan biridir. Tip II DM ve normoglisemik bireyler üzerinde yağlı tohumların tüketiminden hemen sonra kan glikoz düzeyine etkisini değerlendiren bazı çalışmalar, yalnızca yağlı tohumların tüketilmesinin; post prandiyal glisemik yanıt üzerinde minimal düzeyde etkisinin olduğunu, yağlı tohumların yüksek glisemik indeksli besinlerle birlikte tüketildiğinde ise post prandiyal glisemik yanıtı azalttığını ortaya koymuştur. Yağlı tohumların kalp damar hastalıklarını önlemede olası olumlu etkilerinin olduğu birçok çalışma ile desteklense de, diyabet üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya koyacak yeterli sayıda çalışma henüz bulunmamaktadır. Uzun dönemde, yağlı tohumların glisemik kontrol üzerine etkilerini araştıracak daha fazla sayıda çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Glisemik yanıt, Yağlı tohumlar

Kaynakça

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