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Öz

Market structures and practices of market actors has been evolving considerably at the beginning of 12st century. Salient involvement of consumers in business processes has given rise to the recognition of the role of consumers as prosumers/co-producers. Still, co-production of consumers together with other market actors is not solely related to business processes. Through consumption, they, as cocreaters, also construct identities, images, meanings, value and experiences. The first part of this paper investigates the discursive view of modern marketing paradigm on producer, consumer and consumption. Then, co-production theories, that expand this discursive view, and co-creation theories, that criticize foundations of this discourse and reconsider consumers’ role as actors in the marketplace, are explained

Anahtar Kelimeler

• consumption, consumer, actor, co-production, prosumer, co-producer, co-creation, cocreator

DEĞİŞEN PAZARYERİNDE TÜKETİCİ VE TÜKETİMİN ROLÜNE İLİŞKİN YENİ YAKLAŞIMLAR: ORTAK-ÜRETİM (CO-PRODUCTION) VE ORTAK-YARATMA (CO-CREATION)

Öz

21.yüzyıl başlarında pazar aktörlerinin pratikleri ve pazar yapıları önemli ölçüde değişmektedir. Tüketicinin çeşitli iş süreçlerine gözle görünür katılımı, tüketicinin üreten-tüketici (prosumer/co-producer) haline geldiği tespitleri ile sonuçlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, tüketicinin diğer pazar aktörleri ile ortak-üretiminin sadece iş süreçlerinde olmadığı da açıktır. Ortak-yaratıcı (co-creator) olarak tüketici, aynı zamanda tüketim aracılığı ile pazaryerinde kimlik, imaj, anlam, değer ve deneyim üretmektedir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle modern pazarlama anlayışının üretici, tüketici ve tüketime söylemsel bakış açısı kısaca ele alınmaktadır. Arkasından bu söylemi genişleten ortak-üretim yaklaşımları ve bu söylemin temellerini sorgulayarak tüketicinin pazaryerindeki aktörlük rolünü yeniden tanımlayan ortak-yaratma (co-creation) yaklaşımları incelenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• tüketim, tüketici, aktör, ortak-üretim, üreten-tüketici, ortak-yaratma, ortak-yaratıcı

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