ANALYSING THE TRANSITION FROM UNIPOLARITY TO MULTIPOLARITY IN THE US-CHINA COMPETITION: AN EXAMPLE OF ASIA-PACIFIC IN THE CONTEXT OF MIGRATION

Yıl 2021, , 1 - 18, 29.12.2021

İlyas Güneş , Fulya Memisoglu

https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.941419

Öz

The rise of China has shaken the balance of power in the Asia-Pacific region, leading to the emergence of new alternative approaches to the ‘unipolar’ international system in which the United States (US) is the hegemonic power. The theory of ‘multipolar’ systems has been one of these alternative approaches. China's economic success has resulted in wide acknowledgement of China positiononig itself to succeed the US as a global hegemon, putting the US- China rivalry at the centre stage of international arena. The rivalry between the US and China is not only limited to the economic sphere, but it has also spread into the military and cultural spheres. Treating international migration as one of the factors affecting the US-China rivalry,this study intends to examine the role of international migration on the power balances in Asia-Pacific. Focusing on the effects of international migration especially on the fields of culture and economy, the study elaborates further on the spheres of influence of the US and China in the Asia-Pacific region. To this objective, the study explores the role of migration on China-Myanmar relations, the US-Philippines relations, and the sphere of influence of Japan, a predominant regional power. The analytical findings of the study aims to contribute to the scholarly debates investigating the extent of influence of international migration on power competition within the international system.

Anahtar Kelimeler

International Migration, International System, Multipolarity, Asia-Pasific, US-China Rivalry

ABD-ÇİN REKABETİNDE TEK KUTUPLULUKTAN ÇOK KUTUPLULUĞA GEÇİŞ ANALİZİ: GÖÇ BAĞLAMINDA ASYA-PASİFİK ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin (Çin) yükselişi Asya-Pasifik bölgesinde güç dengelerini sarsmış ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin (ABD) hegemon güç olduğu ‘tek kutuplu’ uluslararası sisteme karşı ‘çok kutuplu’ sistem teorisi gibi yeni alternatif yaklaşımların ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. Çin’in ekonomik alanda yakaladığı başarı sonucunda ABD’nin yerine halef olarak görülmesi ABD-Çin rekabetini uluslararası alanda merkezileştirmiştir. Bu rekabet sadece ekonomik alanla sınırlı kalmayarak askerî ve kültürel alanlara da yayılmıştır. Bu çalışma uluslararası göçü ABD-Çin rekabetini etkileyen unsurlardan biri olarak değerlendirerek, uluslararası göçün Asya-Pasifik’teki güç dengeleri üzerindeki rolünü incelemektedir. Çalışmada uluslararası göçün özellikle kültür ve ekonomi alanlara etkisi ön plana çıkartılarak ABD ve Çin’in Asya-Pasifik bölgesindeki nüfuz bölgeleri ve yayılma alanları detaylandırılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda göçün Çin-Myanmar ilişkileri, ABD-Filipinler ilişkileri ve bölgesel güç Japonya’nın nüfuz alanı üzerindeki rolü irdelenmektedir. Çalışmanın bulguları uluslararası göçün, uluslararası sistemde süregelen güç rekabeti üzerinde ne ölçüde etkin olduğuna yönelik akademik tartışmalara katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uluslararası Göç, Uluslararası Sistem, Çok Kutupluk, Asya-Pasifik, ABD-Çin Rekabeti

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