“WEAK STATE” SECURITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST: A HISTORICAL SOCIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 90 - 120, 26.01.2021

Mustafa Küçük

https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.847147

Öz

“Weak state” security conception has come into being as a major contribution of Third World and Critical Security Studies. This conception has improved on the traditional one, but the same cannot be claimed for the conception of “weak state”. Considering empirical, methodological and political controversies surrounding weak state security, this work does not assume weak state security, but inquires instead into its origins and formation. It argues for historicising the “weak state” and contextualizing security issues thereof. To this end, this article explores “weak state” security through a historical sociological investigation of state formation inspired from Tilly’s bellicist theory of state in the Middle Eastern context. Middle Eastern experience vindicates the idea that state formation and production of security is a spatio-temporally distinct process. The work concludes with a discussion of both drawbacks and promises of the bellicist theory of weak state in explaining the conception and practice of security in the region.

Anahtar Kelimeler

weak state, middle east, security, State Formation, Historical Sociology

“WEAK STATE” SECURITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST: A HISTORICAL SOCIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION

Öz

“Zayıf devlet” güvenliği kavramı Üçüncü Dünya ve Eleştirel Güvenlik Çalışmalarının önemli bir katkısı olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu kavram geleneksel güvenlik anlayışına karşı bir ilerleme olsa da, zayıf devlet kavramı için aynısı iddia edilemez. Zayıf devlet güvenliğini kuşatan ampirik, yöntemsel ve siyasal tartışmaları dikkate alan bu çalışma, zayıf devlet güvenliğini varsaymaz, bilakis kökenlerini ve oluşum sürecini araştırma konusu yapar. Zayıf devletin tarihselleştirilmesi ve güvenlik sorunlarının böylece bağlama yerleştirilmesi gerektiğini savunur. Bu amaca yönelik olarak, bu makale devlet oluşumunu Tilly’nin savaşçı devlet kuramından esinlenen bir tarihsel sosyolojik araştırmayla Ortadoğu bağlamında zayıf devlet güvenliğini tetkik etmektedir. Ortadoğu deneyimi devlet oluşumunun ve güvenlik üretiminin zamansal ve uzamsal olarak farklılaşan bir süreç olduğu fikrini destekler. Çalışma, savaşçı zayıf devlet kuramının bölgede güvenlik kavramını ve pratiklerini açıklayabilmesine ilişkin sorunlarına ve imkanlarına dair bir tartışmayla sonlanır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Zayıf devlet, Güvenlik, Orta Doğu

Kaynakça

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