The Examination of Stalinist Structures in the Context of Architectural Sociology: Ideology, Production Processes, and Spatial Experience

Öz

This article examines Stalinist architecture from sociological, psychological, and stylistic perspectives. Soviet architecture during Stalin’s era was shaped by a return to classical heritage, the construction of monumental structures that glorified state power, and the suppression of individual creativity among architects. Following Dmitry Khmelnitsky’s periodization, Stalinist architecture is characterized by a break from the avant-garde, a transitional phase of post-constructivism, and a state-controlled neoclassical approach. The article discusses how this architectural style functioned as an ideological tool, merging artistic aesthetics with political propaganda. It also explores the perception of Stalinist architecture in Western literature, compares it with Italian Fascist and German Nazi architectures, and analyzes its contemporary influences. By examining the synthesis of styles such as Art Deco, Palladianism, and Russian Neoclassicism within Stalinist architecture, the study offers a multidisciplinary evaluation of the aesthetic and ideological dynamics of the period. Ultimately, Stalinist architecture is presented not merely as an architectural style but as a spatial manifestation of totalitarian ideology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Architecture sociology
• Psychology and Style
• Post-Constructivism
• Art Deco
• Neoclassicism
• Eclecticism
• Imperial style

Stalinist Yapıların Mimarlık Sosyolojisi Bağlamında İncelenmesi: İdeoloji, Üretim Süreçleri ve Mekânsal Deneyim

Öz

Bu makale, Stalinist mimariyi sosyolojik, psikolojik ve stilistik açılardan incelemektedir. Stalin dönemi Sovyet mimarisi, klasik mirasa dönüş, devlet gücünü yücelten anıtsal yapıların inşası ve mimarların bireysel yaratıcılıktan uzaklaştırılması süreçleriyle şekillenmiştir. Mimarlık tarihçisi Dmitry Khmelnitsky’nin kavramsallaştırdığı dönemlendirme doğrultusunda, Stalinist mimari; avangarddan kopuş, post-konstrüktivist geçiş ve devlet kontrolündeki neoklasik anlayışla tanımlanmaktadır. Makale, bu mimari tarzın toplum üzerinde ideolojik bir araç olarak nasıl etkili olduğunu, sanatsal estetik ile politik propagandanın nasıl iç içe geçtiğini tartışmaktadır. Ayrıca Stalinist mimarinin Batı yazınındaki algısı, İtalyan faşist ve Alman Nazi mimarileriyle karşılaştırılması ve günümüzdeki etkileri de ele alınmaktadır. Art deco, Palladyanizm ve Rus neoklasizmi gibi farklı üslupların Stalinist mimarideki sentezi analiz edilerek, bu dönemin estetik ve ideolojik dinamikleri çok disiplinli bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada, Stalinist mimari, yalnızca mimari bir üslup değil, aynı zamanda totaliter bir ideolojinin mekânsal temsil biçimi olarak ele alınmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mimarlık sosyolojisi
• Psikoloji ve Stil
• Post-Konstrüktivizm
• Art Deco
• Neoklasizm
• Eklektizm
• İmparatorluk tarzı

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