Yabancı Otların Kontrolünde Biyolojik Mücadele

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3, 23 - 29, 15.12.2019

Ender Şahin Çolak , Ebubekir Yüksel , Ramazan Canhilal

Öz

Günümüzde tarım arazilerinin büyük bir bölümü üreticilerin yanlış yetiştiricilik uygulamaları nedeniyle çoraklaşmakta ve toplam tarım arazisi alanı giderek azalmaktadır. Tarımsal üretimin vazgeçilmezliği düşünüldüğünde gıda temini sağlanması için insanoğlunun hayatı boyunca çalışması gerekmektedir. Gıda temininin en büyük payını bitkisel üretim oluşturmaktadır ve bitkisel üretimde ürün verimini kısıtlayan çeşitli biyotik ve abiyotik etmenler mevcuttur. Bitkisel üretimi kısıtlayan bu etmenler içerisinde yabancı otlar önemli bir paya sahiptir. Yabancı otların neden olduğu zararları en aza indirmek amacıyla en çok kimyasal mücadele uygulamaları yapılmakta ve bu uygulamalar yabancı otların kullanılan kimyasallara dayanıklılık kazanmasıyla günden güne etkisini yitirmektedir. Ayrıca kullanılan bu kimyasallar doğayı kirleterek insan ve çevre sağlığını tehdit etmektedir. Bu nedenle yabancı otlarla mücadele daha sürdürülebilir, doğayı kirletmeyen ve yabancı otlarda direnç gelişimini teşvik etmeyen mücadele yöntemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu derlemede yabancı otlarla mücadelede biyolojik mücadelenin önemi ve yabancı otların biyolojik mücadelesinde kullanılan etmenlerden bahsedilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yabancı ot, Mücadele, Biyolojik, Tarım

Kaynakça

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