Çevresel Kirleticilerin Metabolik Sendrom Üzerine Etkilerinin Balıklarda Modellenmesi

Öz

Metabolik sendrom; abdominal obezite, insülin direnci, hipertansiyon ve dislipidemi gibi birden fazla metabolik bozukluğun birlikte görüldüğü karmaşık ve çok faktörlü bir hastalık tablosudur. Günümüzde bu sendromun yalnızca genetik ve yaşam tarzına bağlı etmenlerle değil, aynı zamanda kimyasallarla da tetiklenebileceği giderek daha net biçimde anlaşılmaktadır. Kalıcı organik kirleticiler, endokrin bozucular, pestisitler ve ağır metaller metabolik düzenleyici yolaklar üzerinde bozucu etkiler yaratabilmektedir. Metabolik sendrom analizinin sistematik ilişkisini anlamada model organizmalar kritik öneme sahip olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, kimyasalların etkilerini gözlemlemek için sıklıkla seçilen sucul organizmalar olan balıklar üzerinde çevresel kirleticilerin metabolik sendrom faktörlerine etkilerinin modellerini sunacaktır. Balıkların model olarak kullanıldığı uygulamalar sonucunda, çeşitli kimyasallara maruz bırakılan bireylerde diyabet, obezite, dislipidemi ve potansiyel olarak hipertansiyonun biyokimyasal ve fizyopatolojik modelleri sağlanmıştır. Özellikle zebra balığı (Danio rerio), insanla yüksek oranda genetik ve metabolik benzerlik göstermesi, şeffaf embriyo yapısı ve kısa nesil süresi gibi olumlu özellikleri nedeniyle bilimsel incelemelerde tercih edilen bir model organizma görevi almaktadır. Bununla birlikte, balıkların poikilotermik yapısı, farklı metabolik yanıt dağılımı ve insanla tam olarak uyumlu olmayan bazı genetik özellikleri, bu modellemenin translasyonel kullanımında kısıtlamalar oluşturmaktadır. Gelecekte, bu tür uygulamaların olası sonuçlarının daha sağlıklı anlaşılabilmesi için balık modellerinden elde edilen kayıtlı modeller ve insan sayısal sistemleriyle bütüncül biçimde değerlendirilmesini ortaya koyacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Metabolik Sendrom
• Çevresel kirleticiler
• Balık
• Model Organizma

Modeling the Effects of Environmental Pollutants on Metabolic Syndrome in Fish

Öz

Metabolic syndrome is a complex and multifactorial disease characterized by the coexistence of multiple metabolic disorders such as abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Today, it is becoming increasingly clear that this syndrome can be triggered not only by genetic and lifestyle factors, but also by chemicals. Persistent organic pollutants, endocrine disruptors, pesticides, and heavy metals can have disruptive effects on metabolic regulatory pathways. Model organisms are critical for understanding the systematic relevance of metabolic syndrome analysis. This study will present models of the effects of environmental pollutants on metabolic syndrome factors in fish, which are aquatic organisms commonly selected to observe the effects of chemicals. As a result of applications using fish as models, biochemical and pathophysiological models of diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, and potentially hypertension have been provided in individuals exposed to various chemicals. In particular, zebrafish (Danio rerio) are preferred as model organisms in scientific studies due to their high degree of genetic and metabolic similarity to humans, transparent embryo structure, and short generation time. However, the poikilothermic nature of fish, their different metabolic response distribution, and certain genetic characteristics that are not fully compatible with humans impose limitations on the translational use of this model. In the future, it will demonstrate that recorded models obtained from fish models and human numerical systems should be evaluated holistically in order to better understand the possible consequences of such applications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Metabolic Syndrome
• Environmental Pollutants
• Fish
• Model Organism

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