TR
EN
Diurnal Terrestrial Insect Fauna and Conservation Importance of the Low and Mid-Elevation Zones of Kazdağları National Park and Its Surroundings (Northwestern Türkiye)
Öz
This study presents and evaluates the diurnal terrestrial insect (Insecta) fauna recorded from Kazdağları National Park and its surrounding areas (Balıkesir/Çanakkale, northwestern Türkiye) based on field surveys conducted between 2015 and 2020 during the April–September vegetation periods. Regular observations and sampling were carried out at 20 localities ranging from 107 to 567 m. Direct observation, sweep-netting, and standard transect methods were employed for sampling actively flying taxa such as Lepidoptera and Odonata, while population monitoring studies were conducted monthly throughout the vegetation season. Coleoptera and several other taxonomic groups were sampled using beating tray (Japanese umbrella) methods, hand collecting from vegetation and under-stone microhabitats, and direct observations. As a result of the surveys, a total of 10 orders, 48 families, and 187 species belonging to the class Insecta were identified. Lepidoptera was the most species-rich order with 86 species belonging to 8 families, followed by Coleoptera (36 species, 13 families), Thysanoptera (23 species, 3 families), Orthoptera (10 species, 4 families), and Hemiptera and Hymenoptera (9 species each). According to the IUCN European Red List assessment (2025-2), among the recorded taxa, 3 species were categorized as Endangered (EN), 4 as Vulnerable (VU), and 7 as Near Threatened (NT). In particular, the occurrence of the EN species Pontia chloridice (Hübner, [1813]), Anthocharis damone Boisduval, 1836, and Protaetia mirifica (Mulsant, 1842), together with the VU species Archon apollinus (Herbst, 1798) and Cordulegaster picta Selys, 1854, highlights the high conservation value of the study area.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- [1] B. Ciplak, “The analogy between glacial cycles and global warming for the glacial relicts in a refugium: A biogeographic perspective for conservation of Anatolian Orthoptera,” Insect Ecology and Conservation. 135-163, 2008.
- [2] Kaynaş, B., Dinç, D., Akcan, A., Özkan, R., and Yücel, T. (2016). “Farklı Habitatların Eklembacaklı Komüniteleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Pinus nigra Arnold. (Karaçam) ve Prunus dulcis L. (Badem) Vejetasyonları,” Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(1), 38-43, 2016.
- [3] E. J. Munisi, E. H. Masenga, A. K. Nkwabi, H. R. Kiwango, and E. E. Mjingo, “Butterfly abundance and diversity in different habitat types in the Usangu Area, Ruaha National Park,” Psyche: A Journal of Entomology, 2024(1), 8833655, 2024.
- [4] I. Słowińska and K. Jonko, “Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Georgia (Caucasus): annotated review of regional butterfly fauna with vernacular names index, notes on distribution and phenology,” PeerJ, 13, e18720, 2025.
- [5] N. E. Stork, “How Many Species of Insects and Other Terrestrial Arthropods Are There on Earth?,” Annual Review of Entomology, 63, 31–45, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-04334
- [6] C. A. Hallmann, M. Sorg, E. Jongejans, H. Siepel, N. Hofland, H. Schwan, W. Stenmans, A. Müller, H. Sumser, T. Hörren, D. Goulson, and H. de Kroon, “More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas,” PLoS One, 12(10): e0185809, 2017.
- [7] F. Sánchez-Bayo and K. A. G. Wyckhuys, “Worldwide decline of the entomofauna: A review of its drivers,” Biological Conservation, 232, 8–27, 2019.
- [8] D. L. Wagner, “Insect Declines in the Anthropocene,” Annual Review of Entomology, 65, 457–480, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-011019-025151
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Hayvan Bilimi (Diğer)
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yayımlanma Tarihi
3 Temmuz 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
14 Mayıs 2026
Kabul Tarihi
6 Haziran 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1
APA
Tüven, A., & Çinkul, B. (2026). Diurnal Terrestrial Insect Fauna and Conservation Importance of the Low and Mid-Elevation Zones of Kazdağları National Park and Its Surroundings (Northwestern Türkiye). Environmental Toxicology and Ecology, 6(1), 34-50. https://doi.org/10.59838/etoxec.1951582
AMA
1.Tüven A, Çinkul B. Diurnal Terrestrial Insect Fauna and Conservation Importance of the Low and Mid-Elevation Zones of Kazdağları National Park and Its Surroundings (Northwestern Türkiye). Etoxec. 2026;6(1):34-50. doi:10.59838/etoxec.1951582
Chicago
Tüven, Aylin, ve Başak Çinkul. 2026. “Diurnal Terrestrial Insect Fauna and Conservation Importance of the Low and Mid-Elevation Zones of Kazdağları National Park and Its Surroundings (Northwestern Türkiye)”. Environmental Toxicology and Ecology 6 (1): 34-50. https://doi.org/10.59838/etoxec.1951582.
EndNote
Tüven A, Çinkul B (01 Temmuz 2026) Diurnal Terrestrial Insect Fauna and Conservation Importance of the Low and Mid-Elevation Zones of Kazdağları National Park and Its Surroundings (Northwestern Türkiye). Environmental Toxicology and Ecology 6 1 34–50.
IEEE
[1]A. Tüven ve B. Çinkul, “Diurnal Terrestrial Insect Fauna and Conservation Importance of the Low and Mid-Elevation Zones of Kazdağları National Park and Its Surroundings (Northwestern Türkiye)”, Etoxec, c. 6, sy 1, ss. 34–50, Tem. 2026, doi: 10.59838/etoxec.1951582.
ISNAD
Tüven, Aylin - Çinkul, Başak. “Diurnal Terrestrial Insect Fauna and Conservation Importance of the Low and Mid-Elevation Zones of Kazdağları National Park and Its Surroundings (Northwestern Türkiye)”. Environmental Toxicology and Ecology 6/1 (01 Temmuz 2026): 34-50. https://doi.org/10.59838/etoxec.1951582.
JAMA
1.Tüven A, Çinkul B. Diurnal Terrestrial Insect Fauna and Conservation Importance of the Low and Mid-Elevation Zones of Kazdağları National Park and Its Surroundings (Northwestern Türkiye). Etoxec. 2026;6:34–50.
MLA
Tüven, Aylin, ve Başak Çinkul. “Diurnal Terrestrial Insect Fauna and Conservation Importance of the Low and Mid-Elevation Zones of Kazdağları National Park and Its Surroundings (Northwestern Türkiye)”. Environmental Toxicology and Ecology, c. 6, sy 1, Temmuz 2026, ss. 34-50, doi:10.59838/etoxec.1951582.
Vancouver
1.Aylin Tüven, Başak Çinkul. Diurnal Terrestrial Insect Fauna and Conservation Importance of the Low and Mid-Elevation Zones of Kazdağları National Park and Its Surroundings (Northwestern Türkiye). Etoxec. 01 Temmuz 2026;6(1):34-50. doi:10.59838/etoxec.1951582