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Investigation of the Visuals Associated with the National identity in Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism Textbooks

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 267 - 279, 15.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.2.267

Öz

In this research, images related to national
identity were examined in history textbooks. In the first stage, nationalism,
the historical course of the Turkish national identity and related literature
were examined, and some components of national identity were determined.  Various categories related to national
identity have been formed from the elements obtained. The data about the
categories were collected through document analysis.  In the second phase, 8 history textbooks
taught in the years 1930-2014 were selected as samples. Content analysis was
used in the examination of the mentioned textbooks, and quantitative method was
chosen in data analysis. In this context, data obtained by document analysis
were analyzed with SPSS 13 statistical program. Chi-square tests, Bonferroni
corrections for chi-square tests and graphs were used in the analyzes. The
significance level for all analyzes was taken as .05. In the research, it was
determined that republic values and revolutions, national struggle and the
images related to the founder leader Mustafa Kemal Atatürk be a most used in
Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism textbooks concerning national
identity.  In addition, it has been found
that the images of national symbols such as homeland maps, flag, parliament,
and capital are used too much for the national identity.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmad, F. (2006). Bir kimlik pesinde Turkiye  [Turkey: the quest for identity]. (S.C. Karadeli, Trans.). (1th edition). Istanbul: Istanbul Bilgi Universitesi.
  • Akdogan, N. S. (2009). “Madamlar yavas yavas ortadan kayboluyorlar”: Erken Cumhuriyet donemi kampanyaları ve yahudi kimligi [Early Republican campaigns and Jewish identity]. In: G. Pultar (ed). Kimlikler lutfen-Turkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde kulturel kimlik arayisi ve temsili [Quest and representation of cultural identity in the Republic of Turkey] (pp.148-183). Ankara: ODTU. 
  • Aktas, C. (2015). Nitel veri toplama aracları [Qualitative data collection tools]. In: M. Metin (ed). Kuramdan uygulamaya egitimde bilimsel arastırma yontemleri [Scientific research methods in education to apply the theory], (pp.337-371). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayinlari.
  • Alakel, M. (2011). Ilk donem cumhuriyet Turkiye’si ulus insasi surecinde milliyetcilik ve sivil-etnik ikilemine dair teorik tartismalar [An approach to comprehend the nation building process of the early period of turkish republic, theoretical discussions on nationalism and the civic/ethnic duality]. Akademik Bakis, 5/9, 1-30.
  • Anderson, B. (1995). Hayali cemaatler-milliyetciligin kokenleri ve yayilmasi [Imagined communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism]. (I. Savasir, Trans.), (2nd edition). Istanbul: Metis Yayinlari.
  • Aslan, E. (1992). Inkılap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk dersinde kullanılan kitaplarin degerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of the books in history of Turkish revolution and Kemalism Lesson]. In: M. Adem & K. Karakutuk (eds), Ortaogretim kurumlarında inkılap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk ogretimi ve sorunlari [The problems of teaching of history of Turkish revolution and Kemalism in secondary education institutions (pp.179-194). Ankara: Turk Egitim Dernegi.
  • Atasoy, F. (2009). Kuresellesmenin etkisi altında milli kimlikler ve Turk kimligi [National identities and Turkish identity under the influence of globalization]. In: C. Ozdemir (ed), Turk kimliği [Turkish identity] (pp.826-845). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Aydın, S. (2009). Terzinin bictigi bedene uymazsa: Turk kimliginin yaratilmasi ve ulusal kimlik sorunu uzerine [On the construction of the Turkish identity and the issue of national identity]. Ankara: Maki Basın Yayin.
  • Batuman, B. (2008). Fotograf gorev basinda: ulus insasindan nostalji siyasetine “Erken Cumhuriyet Ankara’si” [Photography at arms: “Early Republican Ankara” from nationbuilding to politics of nostalgia]. METU JFA, 25(2), 99-117.
  • Bilgin, N. (2013). Tarih ve kolektif bellek [History and collective memory]. Istanbul: Baglam Yayinlari.
  • Bolat, B.S. (2012). Tanzimat’tan demokrat partiye kultur politikalari ve tarih anlayislari [Cultural policies and historical approaches from Tanzimat to Democrat Party]. The Journal of Academic Social Studies, 5/8, 231-247.
  • Bolat, M. (2012). Modern Turkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin olusum surecinde Ataturk ilkeleri ve inkilap tarihi dersi’nin yeri ve amaclari. [The importance and aims Of Ataturk’s principles and revolution history course in the formation process of modern Turkish Republic]. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 5 /8, 249-264.
  • Buyukozturk, S., Kilic-Cakmak, E., Akgun, O. E., Karadeniz, S. & Demirel, F. (2012). Bilimsel arastirma yontemleri [Research methods]. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Calhoun, C. (2007). Milliyetcilik [Nationalism] (B. Sutcuoglu, Trans.). Istanbul: Istanbul Bilgi Universitesi Yayinlari.
  • Çayla, İ. (2005). Kamusal bir din yaratmak milliyetcilik: simgeleri ve torenleri [Creating a public religion nationalism: symbols and ceremonies]. In: F. Baskaya (ed). Resmi tarih tartismalari [Official history discussions] (pp. 85-136). Ankara: Ozgur Universite Kitapligi.
  • Cebesoy, A.F.(1956). Mustafa Kemal milli lider [Mustafa Kemal national leader]. Belleten, XX(80), 549-555.
  • Depeli, G. (2010). Gorsellik ve kulturel bellek iliskisi: gocmenin evi [The migrant’s home: the relation between visuality and cultural memory]. Kultur ve İletisim 13(2), 9-39.
  • Duman, D. ve Doğdu, M. (2010). 1930-1950 donemi cocuk dergilerinde yurttaslik bilinci gelisimi kapsaminda ulus – devlet algisinin saglanmasi:“Turk cocugu - Cumhuriyet cocugu” [Achieving perception of nation-state in the context of development of citizenship consciousness in the children’s magazines between 1930-1950: “Turkish child-Republican child”]. Cagdas Turkiye Tarihi Arastirmalari Dergisi, IX/20-21,157-170.
  • Erden, A.F. (1956). Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. Bellten, XX(80), 539-548.
  • Fortna, B.J. (2005). Mekteb-i humayun-Osmanlı Imparatorlugu’nun son doneminde Islam, devlet ve egitim [Imperial classroom: Islam, the state, and education in the late Ottoman Empire] (P. Siral, Trans.). İstanbul: İletisim Yayinlari.
  • Gokdemir, A. (2004). Turk kimligi [Turkish identity]. Konya: Kervan Kitabevi.
  • Gondogan, A.O. (2009). Kimlik sorunu ve dusunce dunyasi [Identity problem and world of thought]. In: C. Ozdemir (ed), Turk kimligi [Turkish identity] (pp.399-411). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Gunaltay, S. (1943). Turk tarih kurumu baskani Ord.Prof. Semseddin Gunaltay’ın acis nutku [The opening speech of Ordinarius Prof. Semseddin Gunaltay, president of the Turkish History Institution]. In: III. Turk tarih kongresi [III. Turkish history congress] (pp.1-6). Ankara: TTK.
  • Gungor, E. (1992). Kultur degismesi ve milliyetcilik [Cultural change and nationalism] (7th edition). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Guvenc, B. (1998). Tarihi perspektifte kimlik sorunu ozdesimlerini belirleyen bazı etkenler [Some factors that determine identification problems in historical perspective]. In: A. Berktay& H.C. Tuncer (eds), Tarih egitimi ve tarihte “oteki” sorunu [History education and the “other” problem in history] (pp. 23-29). Istanbul: Tarih Vakfi Yurt Yayinlari.
  • Haviland, W. A., Prins, H.E.L., Walrath, D. & McBride, B. (2008). Kulturel Antropoloji [Cultural anthropology] (I.D.E. Sarioglu, Trans). Istanbul: Kaknus Yayinlari.
  • Howard, A.D.& Hoffman D.R. (2013). A picture ıs worth a thousand words: Building American national ıdentity through art. Perspectives on Political Science, 42, 142–151.
  • Inalcik, H. (2009). Ataturk ve demokratik Turkiye [Ataturk and democratic Turkey] (3rd edition). Istanbul: Kirmizi Yayinlari.
  • Inan, A. (1956). Gazi M. Kemal Ataturk ve kultur meseleleri [Gazi M. Kemal Ataturk and cultural affairs]. Belleten, XX(80), 557-563.
  • Kafesoglu, I. (2013). Turk milliyetciliginin meseleleri [Issues of Turkish nationalism] (5th edition). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Kara, K. (2006). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti inkilap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk [Revolution history and Kemalism]. Istanbul: Onde Yayincilik.
  • Karabag, S. (2009). Cografya ve milli kimlik [Geography and national identity]. In: C. Ozdemir (ed) Turk kimligi [Turkish identity] (pp.467-490). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Karal, E.Z. (1945). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi (1918-1944) [History of the Republic of Turkey (1918-1944)]. Istanbul: Maarif Matbaasi.
  • Sapolyo, E.B (1974). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi (1918-1950) [History of the Republic of Turkey (1918-1950)]. Istanbul: Milli Egitim Basımevi.
  • Karal, E.Z. (1974). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi (1918-1965) [History of the Republic of Turkey (1918-1965)]. Istanbul: Milli Egitim Basımevi.
  • Koca, S.K. (2012). Turk kulturunde sembollerin dili [Language of symbols in Turkish culture].  PhD Thesis, University of Sakarya, Sakarya.
  • Kosoglu, N. (1996). Turk kimligi ve Turk dunyasi [Turkish identity and Turkish world].  Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Lewis, B. (2000). Modern Turkiye’nin dogusu [The emergence of modern Turkey].  (M. Kiratli, Trans.), (8th edition). Ankara: TTK.
  • Milli Egitim Bakanligi [Republic of Turkey Ministry of National Education], (2012a). Ortaogretim Turkiye Cumhuriyeti inkılap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk dersi ogretim programi [Secondary school Turkish Republic revolution history and kemalism curriculum]. Ankara: Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Baskanligi.
  • Milli Egitim Bakanligi [Republic of Turkey Ministry of National Education], (2012b). Ortaogretim Turkiye Cumhuriyeti inkilap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk [Turkish Republic revolution history and kemalism]. Ankara: Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Baskanligi.
  • Merriam, S.B. (2013). Nitel arastirma-desen ve uygulama icin bir rehber [Oualitative research a guide to desing and inplementation] (S. Turan, translate eds). Ankara: Nobel Yayinlari.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2015). Nitel veri analizi [Oualitative data analysis] (S. Altun, & A. Ersoy, translate eds). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayinlari.
  • Mumcu, A., & Su, M.K. (2003). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti inkilap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk  [Turkish Republic revolution history and kemalism] (4th edition). Istanbul: Milli Egitim Basimevi.
  • Nichol, J. (2008). Gorsel imgeler araciligi ile kimlik olusturma hafiza, kimlik, aidiyet: tarih, kultur ve yorumlayici cerceveler [Identity creation through visual images, memory, identity, loyalty: history, culture and interpretive frameworks]. In: M. Safran & D. Dilek (eds) 21. yuzyilda kimlik, vatandaslik ve tarih egitimi [Identity, citizenship and history education in the 21st century],  (pp.238-240). Istanbul: Yeni İnsan Yayinlari.
  • Nora, P. (2006). Hafiza Mekanlari [Realms of memory] (M.E. Ozcan, Trans.). Ankara: Dost Yayinlari.
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Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 267 - 279, 15.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.2.267

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ahmad, F. (2006). Bir kimlik pesinde Turkiye  [Turkey: the quest for identity]. (S.C. Karadeli, Trans.). (1th edition). Istanbul: Istanbul Bilgi Universitesi.
  • Akdogan, N. S. (2009). “Madamlar yavas yavas ortadan kayboluyorlar”: Erken Cumhuriyet donemi kampanyaları ve yahudi kimligi [Early Republican campaigns and Jewish identity]. In: G. Pultar (ed). Kimlikler lutfen-Turkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde kulturel kimlik arayisi ve temsili [Quest and representation of cultural identity in the Republic of Turkey] (pp.148-183). Ankara: ODTU. 
  • Aktas, C. (2015). Nitel veri toplama aracları [Qualitative data collection tools]. In: M. Metin (ed). Kuramdan uygulamaya egitimde bilimsel arastırma yontemleri [Scientific research methods in education to apply the theory], (pp.337-371). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayinlari.
  • Alakel, M. (2011). Ilk donem cumhuriyet Turkiye’si ulus insasi surecinde milliyetcilik ve sivil-etnik ikilemine dair teorik tartismalar [An approach to comprehend the nation building process of the early period of turkish republic, theoretical discussions on nationalism and the civic/ethnic duality]. Akademik Bakis, 5/9, 1-30.
  • Anderson, B. (1995). Hayali cemaatler-milliyetciligin kokenleri ve yayilmasi [Imagined communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism]. (I. Savasir, Trans.), (2nd edition). Istanbul: Metis Yayinlari.
  • Aslan, E. (1992). Inkılap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk dersinde kullanılan kitaplarin degerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of the books in history of Turkish revolution and Kemalism Lesson]. In: M. Adem & K. Karakutuk (eds), Ortaogretim kurumlarında inkılap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk ogretimi ve sorunlari [The problems of teaching of history of Turkish revolution and Kemalism in secondary education institutions (pp.179-194). Ankara: Turk Egitim Dernegi.
  • Atasoy, F. (2009). Kuresellesmenin etkisi altında milli kimlikler ve Turk kimligi [National identities and Turkish identity under the influence of globalization]. In: C. Ozdemir (ed), Turk kimliği [Turkish identity] (pp.826-845). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Aydın, S. (2009). Terzinin bictigi bedene uymazsa: Turk kimliginin yaratilmasi ve ulusal kimlik sorunu uzerine [On the construction of the Turkish identity and the issue of national identity]. Ankara: Maki Basın Yayin.
  • Batuman, B. (2008). Fotograf gorev basinda: ulus insasindan nostalji siyasetine “Erken Cumhuriyet Ankara’si” [Photography at arms: “Early Republican Ankara” from nationbuilding to politics of nostalgia]. METU JFA, 25(2), 99-117.
  • Bilgin, N. (2013). Tarih ve kolektif bellek [History and collective memory]. Istanbul: Baglam Yayinlari.
  • Bolat, B.S. (2012). Tanzimat’tan demokrat partiye kultur politikalari ve tarih anlayislari [Cultural policies and historical approaches from Tanzimat to Democrat Party]. The Journal of Academic Social Studies, 5/8, 231-247.
  • Bolat, M. (2012). Modern Turkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin olusum surecinde Ataturk ilkeleri ve inkilap tarihi dersi’nin yeri ve amaclari. [The importance and aims Of Ataturk’s principles and revolution history course in the formation process of modern Turkish Republic]. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 5 /8, 249-264.
  • Buyukozturk, S., Kilic-Cakmak, E., Akgun, O. E., Karadeniz, S. & Demirel, F. (2012). Bilimsel arastirma yontemleri [Research methods]. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Calhoun, C. (2007). Milliyetcilik [Nationalism] (B. Sutcuoglu, Trans.). Istanbul: Istanbul Bilgi Universitesi Yayinlari.
  • Çayla, İ. (2005). Kamusal bir din yaratmak milliyetcilik: simgeleri ve torenleri [Creating a public religion nationalism: symbols and ceremonies]. In: F. Baskaya (ed). Resmi tarih tartismalari [Official history discussions] (pp. 85-136). Ankara: Ozgur Universite Kitapligi.
  • Cebesoy, A.F.(1956). Mustafa Kemal milli lider [Mustafa Kemal national leader]. Belleten, XX(80), 549-555.
  • Depeli, G. (2010). Gorsellik ve kulturel bellek iliskisi: gocmenin evi [The migrant’s home: the relation between visuality and cultural memory]. Kultur ve İletisim 13(2), 9-39.
  • Duman, D. ve Doğdu, M. (2010). 1930-1950 donemi cocuk dergilerinde yurttaslik bilinci gelisimi kapsaminda ulus – devlet algisinin saglanmasi:“Turk cocugu - Cumhuriyet cocugu” [Achieving perception of nation-state in the context of development of citizenship consciousness in the children’s magazines between 1930-1950: “Turkish child-Republican child”]. Cagdas Turkiye Tarihi Arastirmalari Dergisi, IX/20-21,157-170.
  • Erden, A.F. (1956). Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. Bellten, XX(80), 539-548.
  • Fortna, B.J. (2005). Mekteb-i humayun-Osmanlı Imparatorlugu’nun son doneminde Islam, devlet ve egitim [Imperial classroom: Islam, the state, and education in the late Ottoman Empire] (P. Siral, Trans.). İstanbul: İletisim Yayinlari.
  • Gokdemir, A. (2004). Turk kimligi [Turkish identity]. Konya: Kervan Kitabevi.
  • Gondogan, A.O. (2009). Kimlik sorunu ve dusunce dunyasi [Identity problem and world of thought]. In: C. Ozdemir (ed), Turk kimligi [Turkish identity] (pp.399-411). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Gunaltay, S. (1943). Turk tarih kurumu baskani Ord.Prof. Semseddin Gunaltay’ın acis nutku [The opening speech of Ordinarius Prof. Semseddin Gunaltay, president of the Turkish History Institution]. In: III. Turk tarih kongresi [III. Turkish history congress] (pp.1-6). Ankara: TTK.
  • Gungor, E. (1992). Kultur degismesi ve milliyetcilik [Cultural change and nationalism] (7th edition). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Guvenc, B. (1998). Tarihi perspektifte kimlik sorunu ozdesimlerini belirleyen bazı etkenler [Some factors that determine identification problems in historical perspective]. In: A. Berktay& H.C. Tuncer (eds), Tarih egitimi ve tarihte “oteki” sorunu [History education and the “other” problem in history] (pp. 23-29). Istanbul: Tarih Vakfi Yurt Yayinlari.
  • Haviland, W. A., Prins, H.E.L., Walrath, D. & McBride, B. (2008). Kulturel Antropoloji [Cultural anthropology] (I.D.E. Sarioglu, Trans). Istanbul: Kaknus Yayinlari.
  • Howard, A.D.& Hoffman D.R. (2013). A picture ıs worth a thousand words: Building American national ıdentity through art. Perspectives on Political Science, 42, 142–151.
  • Inalcik, H. (2009). Ataturk ve demokratik Turkiye [Ataturk and democratic Turkey] (3rd edition). Istanbul: Kirmizi Yayinlari.
  • Inan, A. (1956). Gazi M. Kemal Ataturk ve kultur meseleleri [Gazi M. Kemal Ataturk and cultural affairs]. Belleten, XX(80), 557-563.
  • Kafesoglu, I. (2013). Turk milliyetciliginin meseleleri [Issues of Turkish nationalism] (5th edition). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Kara, K. (2006). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti inkilap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk [Revolution history and Kemalism]. Istanbul: Onde Yayincilik.
  • Karabag, S. (2009). Cografya ve milli kimlik [Geography and national identity]. In: C. Ozdemir (ed) Turk kimligi [Turkish identity] (pp.467-490). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Karal, E.Z. (1945). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi (1918-1944) [History of the Republic of Turkey (1918-1944)]. Istanbul: Maarif Matbaasi.
  • Sapolyo, E.B (1974). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi (1918-1950) [History of the Republic of Turkey (1918-1950)]. Istanbul: Milli Egitim Basımevi.
  • Karal, E.Z. (1974). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi (1918-1965) [History of the Republic of Turkey (1918-1965)]. Istanbul: Milli Egitim Basımevi.
  • Koca, S.K. (2012). Turk kulturunde sembollerin dili [Language of symbols in Turkish culture].  PhD Thesis, University of Sakarya, Sakarya.
  • Kosoglu, N. (1996). Turk kimligi ve Turk dunyasi [Turkish identity and Turkish world].  Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Lewis, B. (2000). Modern Turkiye’nin dogusu [The emergence of modern Turkey].  (M. Kiratli, Trans.), (8th edition). Ankara: TTK.
  • Milli Egitim Bakanligi [Republic of Turkey Ministry of National Education], (2012a). Ortaogretim Turkiye Cumhuriyeti inkılap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk dersi ogretim programi [Secondary school Turkish Republic revolution history and kemalism curriculum]. Ankara: Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Baskanligi.
  • Milli Egitim Bakanligi [Republic of Turkey Ministry of National Education], (2012b). Ortaogretim Turkiye Cumhuriyeti inkilap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk [Turkish Republic revolution history and kemalism]. Ankara: Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Baskanligi.
  • Merriam, S.B. (2013). Nitel arastirma-desen ve uygulama icin bir rehber [Oualitative research a guide to desing and inplementation] (S. Turan, translate eds). Ankara: Nobel Yayinlari.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2015). Nitel veri analizi [Oualitative data analysis] (S. Altun, & A. Ersoy, translate eds). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayinlari.
  • Mumcu, A., & Su, M.K. (2003). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti inkilap tarihi ve Ataturkculuk  [Turkish Republic revolution history and kemalism] (4th edition). Istanbul: Milli Egitim Basimevi.
  • Nichol, J. (2008). Gorsel imgeler araciligi ile kimlik olusturma hafiza, kimlik, aidiyet: tarih, kultur ve yorumlayici cerceveler [Identity creation through visual images, memory, identity, loyalty: history, culture and interpretive frameworks]. In: M. Safran & D. Dilek (eds) 21. yuzyilda kimlik, vatandaslik ve tarih egitimi [Identity, citizenship and history education in the 21st century],  (pp.238-240). Istanbul: Yeni İnsan Yayinlari.
  • Nora, P. (2006). Hafiza Mekanlari [Realms of memory] (M.E. Ozcan, Trans.). Ankara: Dost Yayinlari.
  • Ocak, A.Y. (2001). Turkler, Turkiye ve Islam-yaklasim, yontem ve yorum denemeleri [The Turks, Turkey and Islam-approach, method and interpretation] (4th edition). Istanbul: Iletisim Yayinlari.
  • Ortayli, I. (2007). Batililasma yolunda [On the way to westernization]. İstanbul: Merkez Kitapcilik.
  • Oz, M. (2008). Tarih perspektifinden Turk kimligi uzerine bazi dusunceler [Some thoughts on Turkish identity by historical perspective], Turkiyat Arastirmalari, 5(8), 219-226.
  • Pyka, A. (2010). Visual framing of patriotism and national identity on the covers of Der Spiegel. Master Thesis, San Jose State University, Washington.
  • Sadoglu, H. (2009). Kuresellesme, Turk kimligi ve Turk dili [Globalization, Turkish identity and Turkish language]. In: C. Ozdemir (ed) Turk Kimligi [Turkish identity], (pp.467-807). Istanbul: Otuken Yayinlari.
  • Safa, P. (1960). Turk inkılabına bakislar [the Turkish revolution]. (2nd edition). Istanbul: Inkılap Yayinlari.
  • Safran, M. & Ata, B. (1996). Barisci tarih ogretimi uzerine calismalar; Turkiye’de tarih ders kitaplarında Yunanlılara iliskin kullanılan dil ve Yunanlılara iliskin ogrenci gorusleri. [Studies on peaceful history teaching; Greeks in history textbooks in Turkey and student opinions on Greeks]. G.Ü. Gazi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi, 1, 11-26.
  • Sakin, S. (2003). Ulusal bir devlet kurucusu olarak Mustafa Kemal Ataturk [Mustafa Kemal Ataturk as a national founder]. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu Dergisi,  15 (2), 191-205.
  • Saribay, A.Y. (1997). Ulus devlet, kultur ve tarih: post-modern ulus olmanin teorik olasiliklari [Nation state, culture and history: theoretical possibilities of being a post-modern nation]. In: I. Ulusal tarih kongresi-tarih ve milliyetcilik [I. National history congress-history and nationalism], (pp. 4-6). Mersin: Mersin Universitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakultesi.
  • Simsek, A., & Alaslan, F. (2014). Milliyetci tarihten milli tarihe, catismaci egitimden barısci egitime dogru Turkiye’de tarih ders kitapları [The History books in Turkey from nationalist history to national history, from conflicting education to peaceful education]. Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 40, 172-190.
  • Smith, A.D. (2014). Milli kimlik [National identity]. (B.S. Sener, Trans.), (7th edition). Istanbul: Iletisim Yayinlari.
  • Su, M.K., & Su, K. (1980). Turkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi [Turkish Republic revolution history and kemalism]. Istanbul: Kanaat Yayinlari.
  • Sutcuoglu, B. (2009). Turkiye’de ulusal kimligin tanimini degistirme cabasi: Devlet katında Nazım Hikmet’in degisen imgesi [The efforts to change of national identity in Turkey: the changing image of Nazim Hikmet in the eyes of the state]. In: G. Pultar (ed), Kimlikler lutfen-Turkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde kulturel kimlik arayisi ve temsili [Quest and representation of cultural identity in the Republic of Turkey] (pp. 273- 288). Ankara: ODTU Yayinlari.
  • Turkish History Association, (1934). Tarih IV-Turkiye Cumhuriyeti [Turkish Republic revolution history]. Istanbul: Devlet Matbaasi.
  • Turk, I.C. (2013). Osmanli devletinde tarih egitimi (1839-1922) [History education in Ottoman State]. Istanbul: Ari Sanat Yayinlari.
  • Turkdogan, O. (2005). Turk ulus-devlet kimligi [Turkish nation-state identity]. Istanbul: IQ Kultur Sanat Yayinlari.
  • Ustel, F. (2004). Makbul vatandas’in pesinde: II. Mesrutiyet’ten bugune vatandaslik egitimi. [Citizenship education from second constitutional era 1908 in Ottoman state to today]. Istanbul: Iletisim Yayinlari.
  • Yildirim, A. & Simsek, A. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel arastirma yontemleri [Qualitative research methods in social sciences]. Ankara: Seckin Yayincilik.
  • Yildiz S. (2007). Kimlik ve ulusal kimlik kavramlarinin toplumsal niteligi [The social feature of the identity and the national identity concepts]. Milli Folklor, 19(74), 9-16.
  • Zadeh, M. S. (2013). History education and the construction of national identity in Iran. PhD Thesis, University of Florida International, Miami.
  • Zurcher, E.J. (2000). Modernlesen Turkiye’nin tarihi [Turkey: A modern history] (Y.S. Gonen, Trans.), (7th edition). Istanbul: Iletisim Yayinlari.
Toplam 66 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mehmet Elban

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Nisan 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Elban, M. (2018). Investigation of the Visuals Associated with the National identity in Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism Textbooks. European Journal of Educational Research, 7(2), 267-279. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.2.267
AMA Elban M. Investigation of the Visuals Associated with the National identity in Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism Textbooks. eujer. Nisan 2018;7(2):267-279. doi:10.12973/eu-jer.7.2.267
Chicago Elban, Mehmet. “Investigation of the Visuals Associated With the National Identity in Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism Textbooks”. European Journal of Educational Research 7, sy. 2 (Nisan 2018): 267-79. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.2.267.
EndNote Elban M (01 Nisan 2018) Investigation of the Visuals Associated with the National identity in Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism Textbooks. European Journal of Educational Research 7 2 267–279.
IEEE M. Elban, “Investigation of the Visuals Associated with the National identity in Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism Textbooks”, eujer, c. 7, sy. 2, ss. 267–279, 2018, doi: 10.12973/eu-jer.7.2.267.
ISNAD Elban, Mehmet. “Investigation of the Visuals Associated With the National Identity in Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism Textbooks”. European Journal of Educational Research 7/2 (Nisan 2018), 267-279. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.2.267.
JAMA Elban M. Investigation of the Visuals Associated with the National identity in Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism Textbooks. eujer. 2018;7:267–279.
MLA Elban, Mehmet. “Investigation of the Visuals Associated With the National Identity in Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism Textbooks”. European Journal of Educational Research, c. 7, sy. 2, 2018, ss. 267-79, doi:10.12973/eu-jer.7.2.267.
Vancouver Elban M. Investigation of the Visuals Associated with the National identity in Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism Textbooks. eujer. 2018;7(2):267-79.