Kars’ta satışa sunulan fermente sucuk ve sucuk benzeri ürünlerin kalite kriterlerinin belirlenmesi

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 3, 143 - 149, 01.09.2013

Çiğdem Sezer Aksem Aksoy Özgür Çelebi Turgay Deprem Metin Öğün Nebahat Bilge Oral Leyla Vatansever Abamüslüm Güven

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Kars ilinde yerel kasapların geleneksel yöntemle ürettikleri fermente sucuklar ile marketlerden temin edilen sucuk ve sucuk benzeri ürünlerin mikrobiyolojik, fizikokimyasal ve histolojik kalitelerinin belirlemesi amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Fermente sucuk (n: 30) ve ısıl işlem görmüş sucuk benzeri ürün (n: 10) olmak üzere farklı firmalara ait tüm örnekler, şehir merkezindeki kasap ve marketlerden aynı gün içerisinde temin edildi. Mikrobiyolojik kriterler petri plak yöntemi ile histolojik kalite Crossman triple boya ve hematoxylin-eosin boya yöntemi ile fizikokimyasal kriterler ise gravimetrik ve spektrofotometrik yöntemler ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Biri ısıl işlem görmüş sucuk diğeri fermente sucuk olmak üzere 2 örnekte Escherichia coli belirlendi. Örneklerde Clostridium perfringens ve E. coli O157:H7 identifiye edilmedi. Fermente sucukların 4 tanesinde (%10) Listeria monocytogenes, 2 tanesinde ise (%5) Salmonella spp identifiye edildi. Örneklerin nitrat ve nitrit seviyeleri sırasıyla 14.88-943.71 mg/kg ve 0.46-378.16 mg/kg olarak belirlendi. Örneklerin 13 tanesinde (%32.5) epitel doku, 11 örnekte (%27.5) çoğunluğu serö-muköz karakterde bez epiteline rastlandı. Örneklerin 5 adedinde (%12.5) düz kas dokusu ile kıkırdak ve kemik dokusu belirlendi. Öneri: Analiz edilen örneklerin tamamının standartların belirttiği özellikleri taşımadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuç üretimin ve üretim sonrası denetimlerin çok önemli olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fermente sucuk, sucuk benzeri ürün, histolojik kalite, fizikokimyasal kalite, mikrobiyolojik kalite

Evaluation of the quality characteristics of fermented sausages and sausage-like products sold in Kars

Öz

Aim: This study was conducted for the purpose of identifying the microbiological, physico-chemical and histological aspects of quality criteria in sausage-like products obtained from local markets and different samples of fermented sausages produced using traditional methods by local butcher shops in the province of Kars. Materials and Methods: Sampling was made during just one day and all the fermented sausages (n:30) and cooked sausage-like products (n:10) were purchased from all butchers and market points in Kars city centre. Microbiological analysis was performed by spread and/or pour plate techniques. Histological analysis was performed by Crossman triple stain and hematoxylin-eosin stains. Physicochemical analysis was performed by gravimetric and spectrophotometric methods.Results: Escherichia coli was identified in one of the cooked sausagelike products and in one sample of fermented sausage. Neither Clostridium perfringens nor E. coli O157:H7 were identified in any of the samples. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated in four (10%) of the fermented sausage samples and Salmonella spp in two fermented sausage samples (5%). Nitrate and nitrite levels in the sausage were found to be 14.88–943.71 mg/kg and 0.46-378.16 mg/kg, respectively. Thirteen (32.5%) of the sausage samples that were examined contained epithelial tissue, 27.5% (11 samples) contained glandular epithelial tissue, which was mostly seromucous in nature, and five (12.5%) contained cartilage and bone tissue with smooth muscle tissue. Conclusion: None of the sausage samples met the requirements of the standards. This shows that controlled production and post-production inspection are very important.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fermented sausage, sausage-like product, histological quality, physico-chemical quality, microbiological quality

Kaynakça

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